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Adverbios

HSK 6 · Tema 1

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HSK 6 Gramática 1: Adverbios de juicio y alcance

Cinco patrones para una semana difícil. Tu amigo dice que la entrevista fue fácil. Una nota revela que el gerente está profundamente insatisfecho. Esperas toda la tarde. Cinco patrones cubren eso…

Narración en inglés · Subtítulos en inglés + 中文 quemados en pantalla

Lección de video para este tema Abrir la página de video
9:06

HSK 6 Gramática 1: Adverbios de juicio y alcance

Cinco patrones para una semana difícil. Tu amigo dice que la entrevista fue fácil. Una nota revela que el gerente está profundamente insatisfecho. Esperas toda la tarde. Cinco patrones cubren eso…

Narración en inglés · Subtítulos en inglés + 中文 quemados en pantalla

Material

Your friend calls the interview easy. You both know it is not. A formal note finds the manager deeply unhappy with the draft. You spend a whole afternoon waiting on one visa update. The agent asks, more than once, for the same missing page. At the counter, every file that is short a page is turned away. Five patterns cover that week: a sour reply, a heavier "very," a full amount, repeated insistence, and a rule that skips nobody.

verb动词dòng cí + (degree marker)得de + to invert倒dào + adjective形容词xíng róng cí

In speech, to invert倒dào after (degree marker)得de turns the adjective sour. The other person calls something easy, fine, or lovely. The real situation runs the other way. That rosy word is their claim; the actual outcome is the opposite. The jab is aimed mostly at the listener.

Forma

Use subject + verb + (degree marker)得de + to invert倒dào + adjective. variant of 说说shuō and want / think / miss想xiǎng are the usual verbs, in variant of 说说shuō(degree marker)得deto invert倒dàoeasy容易róng yì and want / think / miss想xiǎng(degree marker)得deto invert倒dàobeautiful美měi. Other verbs of judging can appear; these two are the ones to learn first. This to invert倒dào is dào and means "contrary." The verb dǎo, "fall over," is a different word.

Ejemplos

you你nǐvariant of 说说shuō(degree marker)得deto invert倒dàoeasy容易róng yì,genuine真正zhēn zhèngto rise to power (in…上台shàng táito demonstrate演示yǎn shì(modifier / structural particle)的deperson人rénto be / is是shìI / me我wǒ。

You say it's easy, but I am the one who actually goes on stage and presents.

he / him他tāwant / think / miss想xiǎng(degree marker)得deto invert倒dàobeautiful美měi,(business) contract合同hé tóngstill / also还hái没签méi qiānthen / just就jiùpreparation准备zhǔn bèito exchange换huàn新车xīn chē。

He wishes. The contract is still unsigned, and he is already planning a new car.

Contraste

variant of 说说shuō(degree marker)得deeasy容易róng yì, without to invert倒dào, can be a straight comment. to invert倒dào places that ease only in the other person's words. The line shows a false picture, not a near success. Everyday speech is its home.

degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shì + adjective形容词xíng róng cí

degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shì is degree / adjective linker很hěn dressed for a formal occasion: the same "very," with more weight. The extra to be / is是shì does that work. It is at home in essays, news, and official notes. Conversation more often uses degree / adjective linker很hěn or very非常fēi cháng. Spoken degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shì sounds bookish, which is sometimes the effect you want.

Forma

The pattern is subject + degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shì + adjective. Written style strongly favours a two-syllable adjective: degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shìsatisfied满意mǎn yì, degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shìhappy高兴gāo xìng, degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shìcautious谨慎jǐn shèn, degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shìunpeaceful不安bù ān. That is a rhythm of formal writing, not a fixed list, and not a rule that every two-syllable adjective must take degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shì.

Ejemplos

这份zhè fèninvestigation调查diào chá(modifier / structural particle)的deconclusion结论jié lùndegree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shìcautious谨慎jǐn shèn,编辑部biān jí bùto decide (to do something)决定jué dìngto issue发表fā biǎooriginal text原文yuán wén。

The conclusion of this survey is quite cautious, and the editorial department decided to publish the original text.

Lao Cai, Vietnam老街lǎo jiēto demolish a building and…拆迁chāi qiān(modifier / structural particle)的denews消息xiāo xī(of a sound) to come through传来chuán lái,resident居民jū mínchest心里xīn lǐdegree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shìunpeaceful不安bù ān。

When news came that the old street would be demolished, the residents felt deeply uneasy.

Contraste

degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shìsatisfied满意mǎn yì and degree / adjective linker很hěnsatisfied满意mǎn yì share the same degree. degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shì sounds heavier and more written. The to be / is是shì in degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shì is part of the adverb.

fully足足zú zú + amount数量shù liàng

fully足足zú zú means "a full," "all of," "every bit of." The figure is no less than the number given, and the amount is presented as large. (bound form) foot足zú means "full, enough." Both speech and writing use it.

Forma

fully足足zú zú stands immediately before the quantity. The verb can come first, as in down下xià(completed / change)了lefully足足zú zú一夜yī yè, or follow fully足足zú zú, as in fully足足zú zúdown下xià(completed / change)了le一夜yī yè. to have / there is有yǒu is a common partner: 足足有zú zú yǒu三百sān bǎiperson人rén. Duration verbs such as to wait for等děng take it the same way. The pattern needs a number or a measured amount. With nothing to stress, it is unfinished.

Ejemplos

这场zhè chǎng雨下yǔ xià(completed / change)了lefully足足zú zú一夜yī yè,basement地下室dì xià shì积了jī lelayer一层yī céngwater水shuǐ。

The rain fell for a full night, and a layer of water collected in the basement.

recruitment meeting招聘会zhāo pìn huìthat day那天nà tiān,doorway门口mén kǒu足足有zú zú yǒu三百sān bǎiperson人rénat / in在zàito line up排队pái duì。

On the day of the job fair, a full three hundred people were queuing at the entrance.

Contraste

两个liǎng gèhour小时xiǎo shí states a length. fully足足zú zú两个liǎng gèhour小时xiǎo shí insists on the whole length. Before an adjective, a heavy "very" is degree / adjective linker很hěn or degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shì. fully足足zú zú stays with quantities.

repeatedly一再yī zài + verb动词dòng cí

repeatedly一再yī zài means "again and again," with insistence: someone keeps choosing to do the act. The tone leans formal. over and over again再三zài sān is a close cousin. Here the two are near equivalents.

Forma

El patrón es sujeto + repeatedly一再yī zài + verbo. repeatedly一再yī zài(adverb -ly)地de añade un ritmo ligeramente más marcado y también suena natural. El verbo suele tener dos sílabas, a menudo relacionado con el habla, la petición o el pensamiento: 一再强调yī zài qiáng diào (reiterar), repeatedly一再yī zàito request请求qǐng qiú (solicitar repetidamente), repeatedly一再yī zàiexplanation解释jiě shì (explicar una y otra vez), repeatedly一再yī zàito call on (sb to do sth)呼吁hū yù (instar reiteradamente). Los verbos de una sola sílaba son poco comunes aquí. Aprende el patrón de dos sílabas; el conteo silábico es una fuerte tendencia, no una regla absoluta.

Ejemplos

community社区shè qūrepeatedly一再yī zàito call on (sb to do sth)呼吁hū yù,evening晚上wǎn shàng八点bā diǎn前要qián yào(把: marks the object)把bǎtrash垃圾lā jī扔出去rēng chū qù。

La comunidad ha instado repetidamente que la basura deba sacarse antes de las ocho de la noche.

she / her她tārepeatedly一再yī zàiexplanation解释jiě shì,to arrive late迟到chí dào是因为shì yīn wèiunderground railway地铁dì tiěmalfunction故障gù zhàng,不是故意bú shì gù yì(modifier / structural particle)的de。

Ella explicó una y otra vez que llegó tarde porque se averió el metro, no por intención propia.

Contraste

often常常cháng cháng indica que algo ocurre con frecuencia. repeatedly一再yī zài señala que las repeticiones son deliberadas: decir, preguntar, explicar, recordar. La repetición debe ser real.

each and every凡是fán shì + noun名词míng cí + all / both都dōu / then / just就jiù / same一律yī lǜ

each and every凡是fán shì abarca a cada miembro de un grupo: "cualquier", "todo", "quienquiera", "lo que sea". En este uso coincide con if only只要zhǐ yàoto be / is是shì. Abre una regla que no excluye a nadie.

Forma

El patrón es each and every凡是fán shì + frase nominal + all / both都dōu / then / just就jiù / same一律yī lǜ + el resto de la oración. La frase nominal puede incluir descripción, como weekend周末zhōu mòto work overtime加班jiā bān(modifier / structural particle)的destaff员工yuán gōng (empleados que trabajan horas extras los fines de semana). all / both都dōu es el socio ordinario. then / just就jiù une directamente al grupo con el resultado. same一律yī lǜ significa "en todos los casos" y suena como un aviso. Uno de los tres completa el conjunto.

each and every凡是fán shìto sign up报名bào míng(modifier / structural particle)的deto study at the same school同学tóng xuéthen / just就jiùcan / may可以kě yǐto participate参加cān jiāto sit for the second round…复试fù shì。

Cualquier estudiante que se haya inscrito puede participar en la segunda ronda.

Ejemplos

each and every凡是fán shìweekend周末zhōu mòto work overtime加班jiā bān(modifier / structural particle)的destaff员工yuán gōngall / both都dōuto have / there is有yǒu餐补cān bǔ。

Todo empleado que trabaje horas extras el fin de semana recibe una asignación para comidas.

each and every凡是fán shìband带dàidrink饮料yǐn liào进影厅jìn yǐng tīng(modifier / structural particle)的despectators观众guān zhòngsame一律yī lǜwant / will / need要yào(把: marks the object)把bǎdrink饮料yǐn liào留在liú zàioutside the door门外mén wài。

Cualquier espectador que lleve bebidas dentro del cine debe dejarlas fuera de la puerta, en todos los casos.

Contraste

Una línea sencilla sobre un grupo aún puede invitar a un gesto de acuerdo. each and every凡是fán shì, completado por all / both都dōu, then / just就jiù o same一律yī lǜ, cubre a cada miembro. same一律yī lǜ es el más estricto de los tres, y los avisos suelen elegirlo.

Práctica — Parte 1

  1. ¿Qué está haciendo el hablante en esta línea?

you你nǐvariant of 说说shuō(degree marker)得deto invert倒dàosimple简单jiǎn dān,client客户kè hùtomorrow明天míng tiānwill就要jiù yàoto see看kànsample样品yàng pǐn。

A. Alabando una tarea que casi ha terminado

B. Devolviendo la palabra "simple" porque la tarea no es simple

C. Pidiendo al cliente que revise las muestras mañana

  1. Una nota escrita necesita un "muy" intenso antes de disappointed失望shī wàng. ¿Qué frase encaja?

A. degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shìdisappointed失望shī wàng

B. fully足足zú zúdisappointed失望shī wàng

C. repeatedly一再yī zàidisappointed失望shī wàng

  1. ¿Cuál oración usa fully足足zú zú para enfatizar una cantidad completa?

A. he / him他tāfully足足zú zúexplanation解释jiě shì(completed / change)了lethis这个zhè gequestion问题wèn tí。

B. he / him他tāfully足足zú zú学了xué le五年wǔ niánChinese language中文zhōng wén。

C. he / him他tāfully足足zú zúdegree / adjective linker很hěnhappy高兴gāo xìng。

  1. Construye una oración natural. El profesor siguió recordando a todos que revisaran el equipo antes del experimento. Usa cada pieza una sola vez.

inspection检查jiǎn chá / equipment设备shè bèi / repeatedly一再yī zài / experiment实验shí yànfront前qián / everyone大家dà jiā / want / will / need要yào / teacher老师lǎo shī / to remind提醒tí xǐng

  1. Una queja formal indica que el pasante formuló la misma solicitud en varias ocasiones separadas y se refería a cada una de ellas. ¿Qué redacción refleja esa insistencia?

A. intern (student)实习生shí xí shēngoften常常cháng chángto request请求qǐng qiúto prolong延长yán cháng实习期shí xí qī。

B. intern (student)实习生shí xí shēngrepeatedly一再yī zàito request请求qǐng qiúto prolong延长yán cháng实习期shí xí qī。

C. intern (student)实习生shí xí shēngdegree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shìto request请求qǐng qiúto prolong延长yán cháng实习期shí xí qī。

  1. Construye una oración natural. Las personas que entren al edificio del laboratorio deben registrarse, sin excepciones. Usa cada pieza una sola vez.

want / will / need要yàoto register (one's name)登记dēng jì / same一律yī lǜ / (modifier / structural particle)的deperson人rén / 实验楼shí yàn lóu / each and every凡是fán shì / to enter进入jìn rù

  1. Reescribe como una sola oración escrita con degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shì. Conserva el comité y el presupuesto.

The committee was very uneasy about the budget.

  1. Write two sentences about one visit to a clinic.

(1) Stress that you waited a full four hours. Use fully足足zú zú, and keep the clinic as the place.

(2) Give a no-exception rule: anyone who misses their number must take a new one. Use each and every凡是fán shì and all / both都dōu, and keep the number in the sentence.

Respuestas — Parte 1

  1. B. Nǐ shuō de dào jiǎndān, kèhù míngtiān jiù yào kàn yàngpǐn. The speaker throws simple简单jiǎn dān back. The client will look at the samples tomorrow, so the task is not simple. It is also not a case of the task being almost finished.

  2. A. Hěn shì shīwàng fits a written, heavy "very" plus a two-syllable adjective. B needs a quantity after fully足足zú zú. C needs a verb of repeated action after repeatedly一再yī zài. Neither one modifies disappointed失望shī wàng in this pattern.

  3. B. Tā zúzú xué le wǔ nián Zhōngwén. He studied Chinese for a full five years. 五年wǔ nián is the amount fully足足zú zú stresses. A and C give fully足足zú zú no quantity.

  4. teacher老师lǎo shīrepeatedly一再yī zàito remind提醒tí xǐngeveryone大家dà jiāexperiment实验shí yàn前要qián yàoinspection检查jiǎn cháequipment设备shè bèi。 Lǎoshī yí zài tíxǐng dàjiā shíyàn qián yào jiǎnchá shèbèi. The teacher repeatedly reminded everyone to check the equipment before the experiment. repeatedly一再yī zài sits before to remind提醒tí xǐng. A comma after everyone大家dà jiā is also fine.

  5. B. Shíxíshēng yí zài qǐngqiú yáncháng shíxíqī. El pasante solicitó repetidamente prórroga del periodo de prácticas. repeatedly一再yī zàito request请求qǐng qiú denota una repetición deliberada. La opción A, con often常常cháng cháng, solo indica que ocurrió frecuentemente. La opción C coloca degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shì sobre un verbo, lo cual este patrón no permite.

  6. each and every凡是fán shìto enter进入jìn rù实验楼shí yàn lóu(modifier / structural particle)的deperson人rénsame一律yī lǜwant / will / need要yàoto register (one's name)登记dēng jì。 Fánshì jìnrù shíyànlóu de rén yílǜ yào dēngjì. Everyone who enters the lab building must register, in every case. each and every凡是fán shì opens the group, same一律yī lǜ completes the rule, and 实验楼shí yàn lóu stays in the sentence.

  7. committee委员会wěi yuán huìto / towards / correct对duìbudget预算yù suàndegree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shìunpeaceful不安bù ān。 Wěiyuánhuì duì yùsuàn hěn shì bù'ān. The committee was deeply uneasy about the budget. degree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shì supplies the written "very," and both committee委员会wěi yuán huì and budget预算yù suàn remain. budget预算yù suànto let / make让ràngcommittee委员会wěi yuán huìdegree / adjective linker很hěnto be / is是shìunpeaceful不安bù ān is also acceptable. Yùsuàn ràng wěiyuánhuì hěn shì bù'ān.

  8. (1) I / me我wǒat / in在zàiclinic诊所zhěn suǒfully足足zú zúto wait for等děng(completed / change)了le四个sì gèhour小时xiǎo shí。 Wǒ zài zhěnsuǒ zúzú děng le sì gè xiǎoshí. I waited a full four hours at the clinic. I / me我wǒat / in在zàiclinic诊所zhěn suǒto wait for等děng(completed / change)了lefully足足zú zú四个sì gèhour小时xiǎo shí is also fine. Wǒ zài zhěnsuǒ děng le zúzú sì gè xiǎoshí. (2) each and every凡是fán shì(experienced)过guoordinal number号hào(modifier / structural particle)的deperson人rénall / both都dōuwant / will / need要yàoagain重新chóng xīn取号qǔ hào。 Fánshì guòhào de rén dōu yào chóngxīn qǔhào. Anyone who misses a number must take a new one. all / both都dōu completes each and every凡是fán shì. each and every凡是fán shì(experienced)过guo(completed / change)了leordinal number号hào(modifier / structural particle)的deperson人rénall / both都dōu(degree marker)得deagain重新chóng xīnto hold拿náordinal number号hào is also acceptable. Fánshì guò le hào de rén dōu děi chóngxīn ná hào.

It is Monday at the office. For years, Lin has locked the door before she goes home. On Friday she said the client would ask for a new cover. Today's email asks for exactly that. The manager seems calm, yet his replies are shorter than usual. You hoped the meeting would move to Tuesday. Of all days, it is still Monday. You are tired, and you still have to attend. Each pattern below matches one of these moments.

always (previously)向来xiàng lái(all / both都dōu) — always, all along

always (previously)向来xiàng lái looks back over a long time. It presents a habit, an attitude, or a trait as settled: this has been true all along. English usually says "always" or "has always". The long run is the idea. For a short stretch that is still going on, such as one busy week, speakers normally choose all along一直yì zhí.

always (previously)向来xiàng lái is close to always (previously)一向yí xiàng. In most sentences either word works. Both are ordinary in speech and in writing. Positive and negative habits both fit. always (previously)向来xiàng láinot不bù is a very common way to say that someone has never liked something, or has never done it. An action that is in progress at this moment still calls for all along一直yì zhí.

Forma

Subject + always (previously)向来xiàng lái(all / both都dōu) + verb or adjective.

all / both都dōu is not required. It adds the sense of "every time" or "with no exception". A time word can stand before the subject, or between the subject and always (previously)向来xiàng lái. Keep always (previously)向来xiàng lái itself before the verb or adjective.

Ejemplos

I / me我wǒpaternal aunt姑姑gū gūalways (previously)向来xiàng láinot不bùto borrow money借钱jiè qiánto / for / give给gěiother people别人bié rén,a relative (i.e. family…亲戚qīn qīto open one's mouth开口kāi kǒushe / her她tāalso也yěcan / will会huìtactful委婉wěi wǎnto refuse拒绝jù jué。

Wǒ gūgu xiànglái bú jiè qián gěi biérén, qīnqi kāikǒu tā yě huì wěiwǎn jùjué. My aunt has never lent money to other people. If a relative asks, she still refuses politely.

陈老师chén lǎo shīalways (previously)向来xiàng láiall / both都dōudegree / adjective linker很hěnstrict严格yán gé,没带méi dàibook书shū(modifier / structural particle)的destudent学生xué shēngwant / will / need要yàoto explain说明shuō míngcause原因yuán yīn。

Chén lǎoshī xiànglái dōu hěn yángé, méi dài shū de xuéshēng yào shuōmíng yuányīn. Teacher Chen has always been very strict. Students who have not brought the book have to give a reason.

Contraste

all along一直yì zhí sigue una acción o un estado a lo largo de un período de tiempo. Ese período puede ser corto y aún puede estar sin terminar. always (previously)向来xiàng lái se ajusta a un patrón establecido a lo largo de un largo extension.

he / him他tāalways (previously)向来xiàng láioneself自己zì jǐband带dàilunch午饭wǔ fàn。

Tā xiànglái zìjǐ dài wǔfàn. Él siempre ha traído su propio almuerzo.

he / him他tātoday今天jīn tiānall along一直yì zhíat / in在zàito try to find找zhǎolunch午饭wǔ fàn。

Tā jīntiān yìzhí zài zhǎo wǔfàn. Ha estado buscando su almuerzo todo el día hoy.

really果然guǒ rán — efectivamente

Significa que el resultado coincide con una expectativa. Una suposición, una advertencia o una esperanza se han hecho realidad. "Efectivamente" y "tal como se esperaba" transmiten esa sensación. El resultado realmente ocurrió. Un error cercano es otra historia: la expectativa no se cumplió, por lo tanto really果然guǒ rán no encaja. Lo mismo ocurre con un final de "y si...".

La gente usa really果然guǒ rán libremente en el habla y en la escritura. 果然如此guǒ rán rú cǐ significa "así que realmente es". really果然guǒ ránas expected不出所料bù chū suǒ liào significa "tal como se esperaba", y esa frase suena un poco más formal.

Cuando el resultado te sorprende, unexpectedly竟然jìng rán o unexpectedly居然jū rán coinciden con el sentimiento. El mismo evento puede ser really果然guǒ rán para la persona que lo vio venir, y unexpectedly竟然jìng rán para todos los demás.

Forma

Sujeto + really果然guǒ rán + verbo, adjetivo o to be / is是shì.

Puede también comenzar el comentario, como en 果然如此guǒ rán rú cǐ. Colócalo antes de la palabra que estás confirmando. La predicción suele estar en la cláusula anterior. Cuando todos comparten ya la expectativa, el hablante puede dejarla sin expresar.

Ejemplos

tour guide导游dǎo yóuvariant of 说说shuō(experienced)过guoin the evening傍晚bàng wǎncan / will会huì起风qǐ fēng,we / us我们wǒ men刚到gāng dàohilltop山顶shān dǐng,really果然guǒ rán风大得fēng dà dé站不稳zhàn bù wěn。

Dǎoyóu shuōguo bàngwǎn huì qǐfēng, wǒmen gāng dào shāndǐng, guǒrán fēng dà de zhàn bù wěn. La guía había dicho que el viento aumentaría hacia el atardecer. Acabábamos de llegar a la cima de la montaña, y efectivamente era demasiado fuerte para mantenerse de pie.

everyone大家dà jiāall / both都dōuto feel / think觉得jué de这部zhè bùnovel小说xiǎo shuōcan / be able to能néngto win a prize得奖dé jiǎng。list of names名单míng dānto announce公布gōng bùafter以后yǐ hòu,really果然guǒ ránexactly就是jiù shì这部zhè bùnovel小说xiǎo shuō。

Dàjiā dōu juéde zhè bù xiǎoshuō néng déjiǎng. Míngdān gōngbù yǐhòu, guǒrán jiù shì zhè bù xiǎoshuō. Todos pensaban que esta novela podría ganar el premio. Después de que se publicó la lista, efectivamente, fue esta novela.

Contraste

Confirma una suposición. unexpectedly竟然jìng rán y unexpectedly居然jū rán marcan un resultado que no esperabas. Son lecturas opuestas de lo que ocurrió.

he / him他tāto hear (sth said)听说tīng shuōsoup汤tāngdegree / adjective linker很hěnhot (spicy)辣là,one / a一yīold variant of 尝尝cháng,really果然guǒ ránhot (spicy)辣là。

Tā tīngshuō tāng hěn là, yì cháng, guǒrán là. Había escuchado que la sopa era picante. Un solo sabor, y efectivamente lo era.

he / him他tāto hear (sth said)听说tīng shuō汤不辣tāng bù là,one / a一yīold variant of 尝尝cháng,unexpectedly竟然jìng ránso much这么zhè mehot (spicy)辣là。

Tā tīngshuō tāng bú là, yì cháng, jìngrán zhème là. Había escuchado que la sopa no era picante. Un solo sabor, y resultó ser sorprendentemente picante.

it seems似乎sì hū — parece

Suaviza un juicio. El hablante tiene una impresión, no un hecho firme. El inglés usa "parece", "aparentemente" o "como si". A veces la impresión es el mensaje completo. A veces prepara una corrección: las cosas parecen de una manera, y la verdad es diferente. actually其实qí shí, "en realidad", a menudo comienza esa corrección.

Es más adecuado en la escritura, noticias y discursos cuidadosos: un informe, una reunión, una entrevista. En una conversación casual, as if好像hǎo xiàng es la palabra habitual. Esa es la elección común, no una regla de que it seems似乎sì hū pertenezca solo a ensayos. Los hablantes cuidadosos también lo usan en voz alta.

Forma

Sujeto + it seems似乎sì hū + verbo, adjetivo o un comentario más largo.

También puede ir antes del sujeto cuando juzgas toda la situación. actually其实qí shí está ahí cuando quieres corregir la primera idea. Una oración puede terminar después de la impresión.

it seems似乎sì hūeveryone大家dà jiāall / both都dōurope累lèi(completed / change)了le。

Sìhū dàjiā dōu lèi le. Parece que todos están cansados.

Ejemplos

new新xīnmanager经理jīng lǐit seems似乎sì hūdegree / adjective linker很hěnto care about在意zài yìto hold a meeting开会kāi huì(modifier / structural particle)的desequence顺序shùn xù,每个měi gè(zoology) segment (of the…环节huán jiéall / both都dōuwant / will / need要yàoto press按ànagenda议程yì chéngto walk走zǒu。

Xīn jīnglǐ sìhū hěn zàiì kāihuì de shùnxù, měi gè huánjié dōu yào àn yìchéng zǒu. The new manager seems to care a lot about the order of meetings. Every step has to follow the plan.

这篇zhè piānto comment on评论píng lùnit seems似乎sì hūat / in在zàito boast夸kuāgoods产品chǎn pǐn,actually其实qí shíeach每měi一段yī duànall / both都dōuat / in在zàito indicate指出zhǐ chū同一个tóng yī gèweak point缺点quē diǎn。

Zhè piān pínglùn sìhū zài kuā chǎnpǐn, qíshí měi yí duàn dōu zài zhǐchū tóng yí gè quēdiǎn. This review seems to praise the product, but every paragraph is actually pointing out the same flaw.

Contraste

as if好像hǎo xiàng and it seems似乎sì hū both mean "it seems". The situation decides the choice. Topics are open for both.

sales volume销量xiāo liàngit seems似乎sì hūat / in在zàito decline下降xià jiàng。

Xiāoliàng sìhū zài xiàjiàng. In a report, "Sales seem to be falling" is a natural wording.

sales volume销量xiāo liàngas if好像hǎo xiàngat / in在zàito decline下降xià jiàng。

Xiāoliàng hǎoxiàng zài xiàjiàng. Talking with a friend, the same guess usually uses as if好像hǎo xiàng.

A guess that has already been proved takes really果然guǒ rán. A long-settled habit takes always (previously)向来xiàng lái.

(indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piān — of all things

(indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piān marks a clash with what you needed, hoped, or thought was fair. The speaker sounds annoyed or critical. Close English is "of all things" or "just had to". A second use picks out one irritating exception: everyone else managed, and this one person did not.

The clash is not always someone's choice on purpose. Rain, noise, or a delay can arrive at the worst moment. The steady part is the frustration. (indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piān fits when the result goes against a need, a plan, or a hope. Plain surprise, with no such clash, is unexpectedly竟然jìng rán or unexpectedly居然jū rán. but却què can state a contrast with much less feeling.

Forma

Situation A, then subject + (indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piān + situation B.

(indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piān usually sits just before the verb. To single a person out, it can stand before that person instead. Both orders are natural. The first clause shows the hope, the rule, or what everyone else did.

Ejemplos

I / me我wǒmost最zuìto need需要xū yàoquiet安静ān jìng(modifier / structural particle)的dethat day那天nà tiān,upstairs楼上lóu shàng(indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piānat / in在zàito decorate装修zhuāng xiū,I / me我wǒa line of verse一句yī jùdraft of a document稿子gǎo zialso也yěto write写xiěnot不bù(after a verb, indicates…出来chū lái。

Wǒ zuì xūyào ānjìng de nà tiān, lóushàng piānpiān zài zhuāngxiū, wǒ yí jù gǎozi yě xiě bù chūlái. On the day I most needed quiet, the flat upstairs just had to be renovated, and I could not write a single sentence.

全组quán zǔall / both都dōuto hand over交jiāo(completed / change)了leexperiment实验shí yànto record记录jì lù,(indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piānKobayashi (Japanese surname)小林xiǎo lín(把: marks the object)把bǎshe / her她tā(modifier / structural particle)的de记录本jì lù běnto forget忘wàngat / in在zàidormitory宿舍sù shè(completed / change)了le。

Quán zǔ dōu jiāo le shíyàn jìlù, piānpiān Xiǎo Lín bǎ tā de jìlùběn wàng zài sùshè le. The whole group had handed in their lab notes. Xiao Lin, of all people, had left her notebook in the dorm.

Contraste

Acting against advice is a frequent case. It is one case among others. The renovation above needs no plan; the annoyance is the same.

doctor医生yī shēngto let / make让rànghe / him他tārest休息xiū xī,he / him他tā(indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piānto stay up late or all night熬夜áo yè(把: marks the object)把bǎto inform报告bào gàoto write写xiěto finish完wán(completed / change)了le。

Yīshēng ràng tā xiūxi, tā piānpiān áoyè bǎ bàogào xiěwán le. The doctor told him to rest, and he still stayed up to finish the report.

again / then再zàinot不bù……,also也yě…… — even if not, still

again / then再zàinot不bù……,also也yě…… allows an extreme and then keeps the result. The meaning is "even when someone or something is not this way, the result is still true." After not不bù, use an adjective, or a state word such as to like喜欢xǐ huan (xǐhuan) or to wish愿意yuàn yì (yuànyì). You grant the case that seems to argue against the result, including a strong form of that case, and the result stays.

It is close to even if即使jí shǐnot不bù……,also也yě……, "even if not..., still...". again / then再zàinot不bù is the short "no matter how" frame. It is common in speech and in writing, often as firm advice. The extreme need not be true at this moment. This is also different from a near miss: the result does not almost fail. It remains in force.

Forma

again / then再zàinot不bù + adjective or state, also也yě + result.

The result clause can have its own subject. (degree marker)得de (děi, "must"), want / will / need要yào, and cannot不能bù néng are common, because the speaker is holding a requirement steady.

Ejemplos

这份zhè fènform表格biǎo géagain / then再zàinot不bùsimple简单jiǎn dān,also也yěto ask请qǐngyou你nǐoneself自己zì jǐto fill or stuff填tián,financial affairs财务cái wùnot不bùto receive收shōuother people别人bié rénto fill in a form for sb…代填dài tián(modifier / structural particle)的deform表格biǎo gé。

Aunque este formulario sea tan complicado, por favor llénelo usted mismo. La oficina de finanzas no aceptará un formulario que alguien más haya completado.

child孩子hái ziagain / then再zàinot不bùto wish愿意yuàn yìto appear见jiàndentist牙医yá yī,you你nǐalso也yě(degree marker)得deband带dàihe / him他tāto go去qùmunicipal市立shì lìhospital医院yī yuàn,那颗nà kētooth牙yáalready已经yǐ jīngto split裂liè(completed / change)了le。

Aunque el niño se niegue a ir al dentista, debe llevarlo al hospital municipal. Ese diente ya está agrietado.

Contraste

Incluso si no..., también... puede expresar la misma idea y abarcar una gama más amplia de situaciones. again / then再zàinot不bù……,also也yě…… es el marco compacto para "no importa cuánto no sea así".

Mantenga separada la estructura de advertencia. again / then再zàinot不bù + acción + then / just就jiù……(completed / change)了le significa "si no actúa pronto, surgirá un resultado negativo". Un verbo sigue a not不bù, y (completed / change)了le es común. Este patrón trata sobre demora. Esta unidad utiliza un estado, seguido de also也yě.

again / then再zàinot不bùto set off出发chū fā,then / just就jiùto miss (train, opportunity…错过cuò guòlast bus or train末班车mò bān chē(completed / change)了le。

Si no partimos ahora, perderemos el último autobús.

Una prueba útil es el inglés. "No matter how much ... not" coincide con esta unidad, con also也yě. "If not now, then..." coincide con la advertencia, con then / just就jiù. La palabra después de not不bù determina el significado; la partícula de enlace es una pista importante.

Práctica — Parte 2

  1. La floristería de Wang lleva abierta diez años. El espacio en blanco corresponde a su rutina habitual. Elija el adverbio.

to rule王wángmaternal aunt阿姨ā yí(modifier / structural particle)的deflower shop花店huā diànto open (transitive or…开kāi(completed / change)了le十年shí nián(completed / change)了le,she / her她tā___(把: marks the object)把bǎyellow黄huáng(completed / change)了le(modifier / structural particle)的deleaf叶子yè zithe same day当天dàng tiānto cut off剪掉jiǎn diào。

A. always (previously)向来xiàng láiall / both都dōu

B. really果然guǒ rán

C. it seems似乎sì hū

  1. La advertencia previa del compañero de cuarto resultó ser correcta. Elija el adverbio.

roommate室友shì yǒualready at an earlier time早就zǎo jiùvariant of 说说shuōcorridor楼道lóu dào(modifier / structural particle)的de灯坏dēng huài(completed / change)了le。evening晚上wǎn shàngI / me我wǒone / a一yīto enter a door进门jìn mén,___what什么shén meall / both都dōucannot see看不见kàn bú jiàn。

A. it seems似乎sì hū

B. really果然guǒ rán

C. always (previously)向来xiàng lái

  1. Elija la oración que comienza con una impresión incierta y luego presenta la situación real.

A. (business) contract合同hé tóngit seems似乎sì hūto protect保护bǎo hù(completed / change)了lebuyer (in contracts)买方mǎi fāng,actually其实qí shípenalty (fee)违约金wéi yuē jīn高得gāo déunreasonable不合理bù hé lǐ。

B. (business) contract合同hé tóngreally果然guǒ ránto protect保护bǎo hù(completed / change)了lebuyer (in contracts)买方mǎi fāng,lawyer律师lǜ shīyesterday昨天zuó tiānthen / just就jiùso much这么zhè mevariant of 说说shuō。

C. 这家zhè jiācompany公司gōng sī(modifier / structural particle)的de(business) contract合同hé tóngalways (previously)向来xiàng láito protect保护bǎo hùbuyer (in contracts)买方mǎi fāng,clause (of contract or law)条款tiáo kuǎnnever从不cóng bùto change改gǎi。

  1. Utilice cada fragmento una vez. Su práctica constante es guardar las muestras importantes en el armario del laboratorio. Añada un punto final.

锁进suǒ jìn / she / her她tā / laboratory实验室shí yàn shì(modifier / structural particle)的decupboard柜子guì zi / all / both都dōu / important重要zhòng yào(modifier / structural particle)的desample样品yàng pǐn / (把: marks the object)把bǎ / always (previously)向来xiàng lái

  1. Utilice cada fragmento una vez y añada una coma. Mantenga el mismo autobús hacia el aeropuerto en ambas partes. (indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piān va con la multitud de hoy, mientras que la otra parte describe el autobús vacío habitual.

很挤hěn jǐ / almost几乎jī hūnot / haven't没méiperson人rén / (indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piān / 那班去nà bān qùairport机场jī chǎng(modifier / structural particle)的dewar chariot (archaic)车chē / today今天jīn tiān / ordinarily平时píng shí

  1. El aula está ruidosa, pero la prueba de comprensión auditiva aún debe realizarse en esa misma sala. Elija la oración.

A. classroom教室jiào shìagain / then再zàinot不bùquiet安静ān jìng,you (plural)你们nǐ menalso也yě(degree marker)得deat / in在zàihere这里zhè lǐto make做zuòto finish完wánhearing听力tīng lìto test (machinery etc)测试cè shì。

B. classroom教室jiào shìagain / then再zàinot不bùquiet安静ān jìng,you (plural)你们nǐ menthen / just就jiùto exchange换huàn一间yī jiānto make做zuòhearing听力tīng lìto test (machinery etc)测试cè shì。

C. you (plural)你们nǐ menagain / then再zàinot不bùto start开始kāi shǐhearing听力tīng lìto test (machinery etc)测试cè shì,quiet安静ān jìng(modifier / structural particle)的declassroom教室jiào shìthen / just就jiùwheel轮lúnto / arrive到dàoelse别的bié deteam班bān(completed / change)了le。

  1. Escriba una oración. Use it seems似乎sì hū para la impresión suave y actually其实qí shí para la corrección. Mantenga 老桥lǎo qiáo y south side南侧nán cè. El puente antiguo parece estar bien; el verdadero problema es una grieta en el lado sur.

  2. Escriba una oración con again / then再zàinot不bù……,also也yě…… dirigida a un amigo. El tren nocturno a Chengdu es incómodo, pero su amigo aún debe tomar ese tren. La reunión matutina no se puede cambiar. Mantenga to go去qùChengdu subprovincial city…成都chéng dū(modifier / structural particle)的de夜车yè chē y early morning早上zǎo shàng(modifier / structural particle)的decan / will会huì.

Respuestas — Parte 2

  1. A. to rule王wángmaternal aunt阿姨ā yí(modifier / structural particle)的deflower shop花店huā diànto open (transitive or…开kāi(completed / change)了le十年shí nián(completed / change)了le,she / her她tāalways (previously)向来xiàng láiall / both都dōu(把: marks the object)把bǎyellow黄huáng(completed / change)了le(modifier / structural particle)的deleaf叶子yè zithe same day当天dàng tiānto cut off剪掉jiǎn diào。

La floristería de tía Wang lleva abierta diez años; ella siempre retira las hojas amarillas el mismo día. Diez años de la misma rutina son un hábito consolidado, por lo que always (previously)向来xiàng láiall / both都dōu coincide. really果然guǒ rán confirmaría una predicción que acaba de cumplirse. it seems似乎sì hū solo ofrecería una suposición.

  1. B. roommate室友shì yǒualready at an earlier time早就zǎo jiùvariant of 说说shuōcorridor楼道lóu dào(modifier / structural particle)的de灯坏dēng huài(completed / change)了le。evening晚上wǎn shàngI / me我wǒone / a一yīto enter a door进门jìn mén,really果然guǒ ránwhat什么shén meall / both都dōucannot see看不见kàn bú jiàn。

El compañero de cuarto había dicho antes que la luz del pasillo estaba rota. Por la noche, al entrar a la puerta, efectivamente no se ve nada. El compañero ya había avisado de la luz rota, y la oscuridad al entrar lo confirma. it seems似乎sì hū dejaría la oscuridad incierta. always (previously)向来xiàng lái la convertiría en un hábito personal prolongado, lo cual no respalda esta advertencia.

  1. A. (business) contract合同hé tóngit seems似乎sì hūto protect保护bǎo hù(completed / change)了lebuyer (in contracts)买方mǎi fāng,actually其实qí shípenalty (fee)违约金wéi yuē jīn高得gāo déunreasonable不合理bù hé lǐ。

El contrato parece proteger al comprador, pero en realidad la penalización contractual es excesiva. it seems似乎sì hū suaviza el primer juicio, y actually其实qí shí lo corrige: la penalización es desproporcionada. B toma la opinión anterior del abogado como confirmada. C establece la práctica prolongada de la empresa.

  1. she / her她tāalways (previously)向来xiàng láiall / both都dōu(把: marks the object)把bǎimportant重要zhòng yào(modifier / structural particle)的desample样品yàng pǐn锁进suǒ jìnlaboratory实验室shí yàn shì(modifier / structural particle)的decupboard柜子guì zi。

Ella siempre guarda las muestras importantes dentro del armario del laboratorio. always (previously)向来xiàng láiall / both都dōu va antes de la construcción (把: marks the object)把bǎ, y tanto las muestras como el armario del laboratorio permanecen en la oración. También aceptable: she / her她tāalways (previously)向来xiàng lái(把: marks the object)把bǎimportant重要zhòng yào(modifier / structural particle)的desample样品yàng pǐnall / both都dōuold variant of 锁锁suǒto go forward进jìnlaboratory实验室shí yàn shì(modifier / structural particle)的decupboard柜子guì zi。 Tā xiànglái bǎ zhòngyào de yàngpǐn dōu suǒjìn shíyànshì de guìzi. Aquí all / both都dōu enfatiza todas las muestras.

  1. ordinarily平时píng shí那班去nà bān qùairport机场jī chǎng(modifier / structural particle)的dewar chariot (archaic)车chēalmost几乎jī hūnot / haven't没méiperson人rén,today今天jīn tiān(indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piān很挤hěn jǐ。

Normalmente casi nadie viaja en el autobús hacia el aeropuerto; hoy, sin embargo, está muy lleno. La primera cláusula describe el autobús vacío habitual; (indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piān marca la molesta multitud de hoy. También aceptable: 那班去nà bān qùairport机场jī chǎng(modifier / structural particle)的dewar chariot (archaic)车chēordinarily平时píng shíalmost几乎jī hūnot / haven't没méiperson人rén,today今天jīn tiān(indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piān很挤hěn jǐ。 Nà bān qù jīchǎng de chē píngshí jīhū méi rén, jīntiān piānpián hěn jǐ. Las dos cláusulas pueden intercambiarse si (indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piān sigue asociado con today今天jīn tiān很挤hěn jǐ, incluyendo (indicates that sth turns…偏偏piān piāntoday今天jīn tiān很挤hěn jǐ. El autobús hacia el aeropuerto debe permanecer como el vehículo mencionado en ambos hechos.

  1. A. classroom教室jiào shìagain / then再zàinot不bùquiet安静ān jìng,you (plural)你们nǐ menalso也yě(degree marker)得deat / in在zàihere这里zhè lǐto make做zuòto finish完wánhearing听力tīng lìto test (machinery etc)测试cè shì。

Aunque el aula no esté tranquila, deben terminar la prueba de comprensión auditiva aquí mismo. again / then再zàinot不bùquiet安静ān jìng otorga "por muy ruidoso que esté", y also也yě mantiene la prueba de comprensión auditiva en esta sala. B usa then / just就jiù y traslada la prueba a otra sala. C es el patrón de advertencia: si no empiezan pronto, pierden la sala tranquila. En C la sala está tranquila, mientras que la instrucción indica que está ruidosa.

  1. 这座zhè zuò老桥lǎo qiáoit seems似乎sì hūdegree / adjective linker很hěnsafe安全ān quán,actually其实qí shísouth side南侧nán cèalready已经yǐ jīngto have / there is有yǒutogether一道yī dàocrack裂缝liè fèng。

Este viejo puente parece muy seguro, en realidad ya tiene una grieta en el lado sur. it seems似乎sì hū (parecer) transmite la impresión de seguridad, y actually其实qí shí (en realidad) señala la grieta al sur. Una oración con el mismo contraste es aceptable si mantiene it seems似乎sì hū, actually其实qí shí, 老桥lǎo qiáo (viejo puente) y south side南侧nán cè (lado sur). Una variante: 老桥lǎo qiáoit seems似乎sì hūnothing没什么méi shén mequestion问题wèn tí,actually其实qí shísouth side南侧nán cèto split裂liè(completed / change)了letogether一道yī dàoseam缝fèng。 El viejo puente no parece tener problemas, pero en realidad hay una grieta en el lado sur.

  1. to go去qùChengdu subprovincial city…成都chéng dū(modifier / structural particle)的de夜车yè chēagain / then再zàinot不bùcomfortable舒服shū fú,you你nǐalso也yě(degree marker)得deto sit坐zuò,early morning早上zǎo shàng(modifier / structural particle)的decan / will会huì改不了gǎi bù liǎo。

Aunque el tren nocturno a Chengdu sea incómodo, también debes tomarlo; la reunión de la mañana no se puede cambiar. again / then再zàinot不bùcomfortable舒服shū fú significa "por muy incómodo que sea", el caso que argumenta contra el viaje. also也yě mantiene la obligación de tomar ese tren nocturno, y la reunión matutina permanece como la razón por la que no se puede suspender. También aceptable: to go去qùChengdu subprovincial city…成都chéng dū(modifier / structural particle)的de夜车yè chēagain / then再zàinot不bùcomfortable舒服shū fú,you你nǐalso也yě(degree marker)得deto go去qùto sit坐zuò,because因为yīn wèiearly morning早上zǎo shàng(modifier / structural particle)的decan / will会huìcannot不能bù néngto change改gǎi。 Aunque el tren nocturno a Chengdu sea incómodo, también debes ir a tomarlo porque la reunión de la mañana no se puede cambiar. Un he / him他tā (él) o she / her她tā (ella) en lugar de you你nǐ (tú) está bien. La forma de advertencia again / then再zàinot不bùto sit坐zuòthen / just就jiù……(completed / change)了le (si no lo tomas pronto...) no responde a este ítem, porque el amigo todavía debe tomar este tren.

Sábado en el centro comunitario, cinco pequeños problemas activan cinco adverbios. Un aviso da a cada visitante la misma regla de bolsas. Un amigo dice que su mensaje largo fue solo una broma. El bibliotecario, paciente durante años, reacciona de golpe una vez. La foto grupal puede esperar hasta que todos estén libres. Alguien pregunta por qué sigues preocupándote por las tazas. Cada nota a continuación da el significado, la forma y el registro.

same一律yī lǜ

Cada miembro debe registrarse, incluidos los nuevos estudiantes. same一律yī lǜ significa la misma regla para cada caso, sin excepción. Es propio de avisos, reglamentos y breves instrucciones orales, y el tono es firme. Es más intenso que all / both都dōu, que solo dice "todos". Las personas son el grupo habitual, pero las tarifas, los libros y los documentos también lo utilizan. Esa extensión es una tendencia, no un límite.

Forma

same一律yī lǜ (+ all / both都dōu) + verbo o adjetivo

same一律yī lǜ va antes del verbo o el adjetivo. all / both都dōu es común y enfatiza a cada uno individualmente, pero la regla uniforme ya está presente sin él. Tanto same一律yī lǜall / both都dōuwant / will / need要yàoto register (one's name)登记dēng jì como same一律yī lǜfree (of charge)免费miǎn fèi son naturales.

Ejemplos

library图书馆tú shū guǎnto stipulate规定guī dìng,to be overdue逾期yú qī(modifier / structural particle)的debook书shūsame一律yī lǜall / both都dōuwant / will / need要yàoto hand over交jiāoto fine罚款fá kuǎn。

Túshūguǎn guīdìng, yúqī de shū yílǜ dōu yào jiāo fákuǎn. La biblioteca establece que se debe pagar una multa por cada libro vencido, sin excepción.

site developed for a group…园区yuán qūinside内nèi(modifier / structural particle)的deto pull up (stop one's…停车tíng chēsame一律yī lǜfree (of charge)免费miǎn fèi。

Yuánqū nèi de tíngchē yílǜ miǎnfèi. El aparcamiento dentro del parque es gratuito, sin excepción.

Contraste

all / both都dōu puede informar un hecho simple, como que todos han llegado. same一律yī lǜ declara una decisión para cada caso y es apropiado para un aviso que no deja ningún caso fuera. En charlas informales, all / both都dōu es la palabra más ligera.

only无非wú fēi(to be / is是shì)

Un mensaje largo suena alarmante, pero el remitente solo quería la página de tareas. only无非wú fēi significa "nada más que" o "simplemente". Hace que el asunto parezca menor, por lo que puede tranquilizar a quien escucha o dejar una preocupación atrás. Guárdalo para esa función de reducción; es una mala elección cuando quieres enfatizar lo grande o importante que es algo. a modal particle indicating…罢了bà le o that's all而已ér yǐ, ambos cercanos a "eso es todo", suelen cerrar la línea. El registro es oral o escritura informal.

Forma

only无非wú fēi + (to be / is是shì) + verbo o sustantivo (+ a modal particle indicating…罢了bà le / that's all而已ér yǐ)

Antes de un verbo, to be / is是shì puede quedarse o eliminarse. Antes de un sustantivo, to be / is是shì es obligatorio. a modal particle indicating…罢了bà le y that's all而已ér yǐ pueden omitirse, aunque dejan claro el tono. El primer ejemplo no tiene to be / is是shì antes del verbo. El segundo necesita to be / is是shì antes del sustantivo.

Ejemplos

he / him他tāthat very night连夜lián yè赶回来gǎn huí lái,only无非wú fēiwant / think / miss想xiǎngto see看kànchild孩子hái zia glance一眼yī yǎna modal particle indicating…罢了bà le。

Tā liányè gǎn huílái, wúfēi xiǎng kàn háizi yì yǎn bàle. Se apresuró a regresar toda la noche simplemente para ver al niño un momento, eso es todo.

everyone大家dà jiāanxious担心dān xīn(modifier / structural particle)的deonly无非wú fēito be / is是shì一场yī chánglight rain小雨xiǎo yǔthat's all而已ér yǐ。

Dàjiā dānxīn de wúfēi shì yì cháng xiǎoyǔ éryǐ. Lo que todos temen no es nada más que una ligera lluvia, eso es todo.

Contraste

Varias palabras pueden significar "solo". only无非wú fēi es la que reduce todo el asunto a un punto modesto y se asocia con a modal particle indicating…罢了bà le o that's all而已ér yǐ. Una acción después de ella permite to be / is是shì o no to be / is是shì. Un sustantivo después de ella necesita only无非wú fēito be / is是shì.

always (previously)一向yí xiàng

Una panadería de esquina ha abierto a las seis durante años, así que una mañana oscura se siente incorrecta. always (previously)一向yí xiàng significa "siempre" o "siempre desde entonces" para un hábito o actitud que se ha mantenido igual. Mir hacia atrás sobre una rutina estable o una forma consolidada de tratar a la gente. El registro es neutro, tanto en conversación como en escritura.

Forma

Sujeto + always (previously)一向yí xiàng + hábito o actitud

Coloca always (previously)一向yí xiàng después del sujeto y antes de la acción habitual, preferencia o cualidad.

Ejemplos

陈医生chén yī shēngalways (previously)一向yí xiàngafternoon下午xià wǔto see看kànsick person病人bìng rén,morning上午shàng wǔ很少hěn shǎoto come来láiclinic诊所zhěn suǒ。

Chén yīshēng yíxiàng xiàwǔ kàn bìngrén, shàngwǔ hěn shǎo lái zhěnsuǒ. El Dr. Chen siempre atendía pacientes por la tarde, y rara vez venía a la clínica por la mañana.

he / him他tāto / towards / correct对duìnew新xīncolleague同事tóng shìalways (previously)一向yí xiàngdegree / adjective linker很hěnto be patient耐心nài xīn。

Tā duì xīn tóngshì yíxiàng hěn nàixīn. Siempre ha sido muy paciente con sus nuevos colegas.

Contraste

Para un periodo reciente que simplemente se ha prolongado, como toda esta semana, los hablantes suelen usar all along一直yì zhí. always (previously)一向yí xiàng encaja mejor con un hábito de larga data más que con ese lapso más corto.

when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu

El viaje es en junio, así que el plan del museo puede esperar. when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu significa "cuando llegue el momento" o "para entonces". Señala un futuro momento en el que un resultado o una decisión serán relevantes. El momento puede permanecer vago si aún está por venir. Frases útiles son when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòuto appear见jiàn, "nos vemos entonces", y when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu看吧kàn ba, "ya veremos entonces". El tono es práctico.

Forma

……,when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu + ……

La primera parte establece la escena actual o una condición. when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu abre lo que sigue y lo sitúa en ese momento posterior.

Ejemplos

you你nǐearly先xiān(把: marks the object)把bǎaddress地址dì zhǐto issue发给fā gěiI / me我wǒ,when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòuI / me我wǒdirect (opposite: indirect…直接zhí jiēto go去qùto try to find找zhǎoyou你nǐ。

Nǐ xiān bǎ dìzhǐ fā gěi wǒ, dào shíhou wǒ zhíjiē qù zhǎo nǐ. Envíame la dirección primero, y vendré directamente a buscarte cuando llegue el momento.

now现在xiàn zài别急bié jí(ongoing -ing)着zheto buy tickets买票mǎi piào,when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòuto see看kànweather天气tiān qìagain / then再zàito fix定dìng。

Xiànzài bié jí zhe mǎi piào, dào shíhou kàn tiānqì zài dìng. No te apresures a comprar entradas ahora; cuando llegue el momento, decide según el clima.

Contraste

that那nàtime时候shí hòu significa "en aquel entonces" y generalmente mira hacia atrás a un momento ya mencionado. when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu mira hacia adelante. Úsalo cuando el resultado o la elección aún estén pendientes.

there is no need何必hé bì

Se está escribiendo una segunda disculpa después de que la primera fue aceptada. there is no need何必hé bì parece decir "¿por qué tienes que…?" y su sentido es "no hace falta". Instiga a alguien a dejar de preocuparse, de esforzarse o de ofrecer una cortesía extra. El tono puede ser amable o un poco cortante. A menudo termina con (and …? / softener)呢ne. Solo, there is no need何必hé bì(and …? / softener)呢ne? significa "¿para qué molestar?". El refrán 早知如此zǎo zhī rú cǐ,何必当初hé bì dāng chū significa "Si hubieras sabido eso, ¿por qué hacerlo desde el principio?"

Forma

Sujeto + there is no need何必hé bì + predicado (+ (and …? / softener)呢ne)

there is no need何必hé bì ocupa el lugar donde iría una palabra interrogativa real, pero no se espera respuesta. El sujeto puede omitirse cuando todos saben a quién se refiere. Lo que sigue es la acción que parece innecesaria.

Ejemplos

underground railway地铁dì tiěthen / just就jiùat / in在zàidoorway门口mén kǒu,there is no need何必hé bìspecialist专门zhuān ménto call a cab (by phone)叫车jiào chē(and …? / softener)呢ne?

Dìtiě jiù zài ménkǒu, hébì zhuānmén jiào chē ne? El metro está justo en la puerta, así que ¿por qué insistir en llamar a un coche?

outcome结果jié guǒstill / also还háinot / haven't没méi(after a verb, indicates…出来chū lái,you你nǐthere is no need何必hé bìnow现在xiàn zàithen / just就jiùto blame oneself自责zì zé?

Jiéguǒ hái méi chūlái, nǐ hébì xiànzài jiù zìzé? El resultado aún no ha salido, así que ¿por qué culparte a ti mismo ahora?

Contraste

why?为什么wèi shén me pide una razón y deja espacio para ella. there is no need何必hé bì dice que el acto es innecesario porque ya hay una vía más clara. Úsalo para esa instigación.

Práctica — Parte 3

  1. Elige el significado más cercano.

community社区shè qūto notify通知tōng zhī:public公共gōng gòngkitchen厨房chú fáng(modifier / structural particle)的detrash垃圾lā jī,household住户zhù hùsame一律yī lǜall / both都dōuwant / will / need要yàothe same day当天dàng tiānto carry带走dài zǒu。

A. Los residentes pueden llevarse los residuos de cocina pública el mismo día si lo desean. B. Cada hogar debe retirarse los residuos de cocina pública de ese día, y la norma los cubre a todos. C. Los residentes deberían gestionar los residuos en un momento posterior.

  1. Elige la palabra que encaje.

从进cóng jìncompany公司gōng sī(modifier / structural particle)的de第一天dì yī tiānto rise起qǐ,week周zhōumanager经理jīng lǐ____oneself自己zì jǐ先到xiān dào,again / then再zàito request要求yāo qiúother people别人bié rén。today今天jīn tiānto hold a meeting开会kāi huìhe / him他tābut却quèto arrive late迟到chí dào(completed / change)了le,colleague同事tóng shìall / both都dōudegree / adjective linker很hěnto be startled吃惊chī jīng。

A. when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu B. always (previously)一向yí xiàng C. there is no need何必hé bì

  1. Elige la frase que encaje.

别多想bié duō xiǎng,he / him他tāto leave a message留言liú yán____to remind提醒tí xǐngyou你nǐband带dàikey钥匙yào shia modal particle indicating…罢了bà le。

A. always (previously)一向yí xiàng B. only无非wú fēito be / is是shì C. when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu

  1. Elige la palabra que encaje. Las palabras después del espacio en blanco nombran una cosa.

这份zhè fènto inform报告bào gàoli, ancient measure of…里lǐ(modifier / structural particle)的denew新xīncontent内容nèi róng,only无非wú fēi____两页liǎng yèdata数据shù jùthat's all而已ér yǐ。

A. to be / is是shì B. all / both都dōu C. want / will / need要yào

  1. Elige la palabra que encaje.

to sign up报名bào míngstill / also还háinot / haven't没méito start开始kāi shǐ,list of names名单míng dānalso也yěnot / haven't没méito announce公布gōng bù。____you你nǐagain / then再zàito ask问wènteacher老师lǎo shīmore更gèngsuitable合适hé shì。

A. that那nàtime时候shí hòu B. there is no need何必hé bì C. when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu

  1. Utilice cada fragmento una sola vez para formar una oración natural. Los fragmentos están desordenados.

to hand over交jiāoto fine罚款fá kuǎn / books (in a library or…图书tú shū / same一律yī lǜall / both都dōuwant / will / need要yào / (modifier / structural particle)的de / to be overdue逾期yú qī

  1. Usa cada fragmento una vez para formar una oración natural. Los fragmentos están desordenados.

again / then再zài / everyone大家dà jiāall / both都dōuto understand懂dǒng(completed / change)了le / there is no need何必hé bì / one time (all the way…一遍yī biàn / (and …? / softener)呢ne / you你nǐ / explanation解释jiě shì

  1. Escriba una oración que utilice when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu. Un amigo quiere elegir un restaurante ahora, pero aún no está claro qué invitados vendrán. Diga al amigo que deje esa elección para más tarde. Tanto los invitados como el restaurante deben aparecer en la oración.

Respuestas — Parte 3

  1. B.

community社区shè qūto notify通知tōng zhī:public公共gōng gòngkitchen厨房chú fáng(modifier / structural particle)的detrash垃圾lā jī,household住户zhù hùsame一律yī lǜall / both都dōuwant / will / need要yàothe same day当天dàng tiānto carry带走dài zǒu。

Aviso comunitario: La basura de las cocinas públicas debe ser retirada ese mismo día por todos los hogares. same一律yī lǜall / both都dōuwant / will / need要yào otorga a cada hogar el mismo deber para ese día. A es solo una elección libre. C traslada la basura a un momento posterior.

  1. B.

从进cóng jìncompany公司gōng sī(modifier / structural particle)的de第一天dì yī tiānto rise起qǐ,week周zhōumanager经理jīng lǐalways (previously)一向yí xiàngoneself自己zì jǐ先到xiān dào,again / then再zàito request要求yāo qiúother people别人bié rén。today今天jīn tiānto hold a meeting开会kāi huìhe / him他tābut却quèto arrive late迟到chí dào(completed / change)了le,colleague同事tóng shìall / both都dōudegree / adjective linker很hěnto be startled吃惊chī jīng。

Desde el primer día en la empresa, el gerente Zhou siempre llegaba primero antes de exigir a los demás. Hoy llegó tarde a la reunión y todos se sorprendieron. "Desde el primer día", más la sorpresa de hoy, muestra un hábito arraigado. when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu apuntaría hacia adelante. there is no need何必hé bì trataría esa vieja norma como innecesaria.

  1. B.

别多想bié duō xiǎng,he / him他tāto leave a message留言liú yánonly无非wú fēito be / is是shìto remind提醒tí xǐngyou你nǐband带dàikey钥匙yào shia modal particle indicating…罢了bà le。

No pienses demasiado, sus rumores no son más que recordarte llevar la llave. a modal particle indicating…罢了bà le reduce el mensaje a un pequeño propósito. Antes del verbo to remind提醒tí xǐng, se permite to be / is是shì. always (previously)一向yí xiàng convertiría esto en un largo hábito. when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu colocaría el recordatorio en el futuro.

  1. A.

这份zhè fènto inform报告bào gàoli, ancient measure of…里lǐ(modifier / structural particle)的denew新xīncontent内容nèi róng,only无非wú fēito be / is是shì两页liǎng yèdata数据shù jùthat's all而已ér yǐ。

El nuevo contenido de este informe no son más que dos páginas de datos. 两页liǎng yèdata数据shù jù es una frase nominal, por lo que se requiere to be / is是shì. all / both都dōu y want / will / need要yào no vinculan only无非wú fēi con ese sustantivo. that's all而已ér yǐ mantiene el tono de reducción.

  1. C.

to sign up报名bào míngstill / also还háinot / haven't没méito start开始kāi shǐ,list of names名单míng dānalso也yěnot / haven't没méito announce公布gōng bù。when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòuyou你nǐagain / then再zàito ask问wènteacher老师lǎo shīmore更gèngsuitable合适hé shì。

La inscripción aún no ha comenzado y la lista de participantes tampoco se ha publicado. Preguntarle al profesor en ese momento sería más adecuado. El mejor momento para preguntar al profesor aún no ha llegado, y la oración sigue refiriéndose al profesor. that那nàtime时候shí hòu necesitaría un tiempo pasado ya establecido. there is no need何必hé bì significaría que preguntar es inútil, contradiciendo more更gèngsuitable合适hé shì.

  1. to be overdue逾期yú qī(modifier / structural particle)的debooks (in a library or…图书tú shūsame一律yī lǜall / both都dōuwant / will / need要yàoto hand over交jiāoto fine罚款fá kuǎn。

Todos los libros vencidos deben pagar multas. to be overdue逾期yú qī(modifier / structural particle)的de modifica books (in a library or…图书tú shū, y same一律yī lǜall / both都dōuwant / will / need要yào precede to hand over交jiāoto fine罚款fá kuǎn. Una regla cubre cada libro atrasado.

  1. everyone大家dà jiāall / both都dōuto understand懂dǒng(completed / change)了le,you你nǐthere is no need何必hé bìagain / then再zàiexplanation解释jiě shìone time (all the way…一遍yī biàn(and …? / softener)呢ne?

Todos ya lo entienden, ¿por qué dar más explicaciones? El hecho viene primero, y there is no need何必hé bì……(and …? / softener)呢ne indica que otra explicación adicional es innecesaria.

you你nǐthere is no need何必hé bìagain / then再zàiexplanation解释jiě shìone time (all the way…一遍yī biàn(and …? / softener)呢ne,everyone大家dà jiāall / both都dōuto understand懂dǒng(completed / change)了le?

¿Por qué dar más explicaciones si todos ya lo entienden? Los mismos fragmentos pueden colocar primero la insistencia y luego la razón. Ambos mantienen la explicación extra como un acto innecesario.

  1. Ejemplo: now现在xiàn zàistill / also还háinot不bùto know知道zhī dàoto have / there is有yǒuwhich ones?哪些nǎ xiēvisitor客人kè rén,when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu再选zài xuǎndining hall餐厅cān tīng(suggestion)吧ba。

Xiànzài hái bù zhīdào yǒu nǎxiē kèrén, dào shíhou zài xuǎn cāntīng ba. Los invitados aún son desconocidos, por lo que el restaurante se elige cuando llega ese momento.

También es bueno: now现在xiàn zài先别定xiān bié dìngdining hall餐厅cān tīng,when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòuto see看kànvisitor客人kè rénto be / is是shìwho谁shéi再选zài xuǎn。

Xiànzài xiān bié dìng cāntīng, dào shíhou kàn kèrén shì shuí zài xuǎn. Cualquier oración clara funciona si when the moment comes到时候dào shí hòu marca esa elección posterior y tanto los invitados como el restaurante permanecen en ella.

Vocabulario
English Español
expel breath 呵
ouch 哎哟
to suffer 挨
cancer 癌症
to like sth so much that one is reluctant to put it down 爱不释手
to love and respect 爱戴
vague 暧昧
to live in peace and work happily 安居乐业
peaceful 安宁
serene 安详
to find a place for 安置
massage 按摩
case 案件
instance 案例
to hint 暗示
expensive 昂贵
concave or convex 凹凸
to cook on a slow fire 熬
secret 奥秘
to peel 扒
scar 疤
to spoil things through excessive enthusiasm 拔苗助长
to guard a pass 把关
handle 把手
cheap trick 把戏
the Way of the Hegemon 霸道
to be eager for 巴不得
to fawn on 巴结
a strike 罢工
to break apart 掰
percentage point 百分点
to break away from 摆脱
to ruin 败坏
to pay a visit 拜访
to pay a New Year call 拜年
to request sb to do sth 拜托
to issue 颁布
to promulgate 颁发
stripe 斑纹
version 版本
to give up halfway 半途而废
companion 伴侣
to accompany 伴随
to play the role of 扮演
to kidnap 绑架
example 榜样
pound 磅
to shield 包庇
wrapping cloth 包袱
to surround 包围
to pack 包装
weak 薄弱
saturated 饱和
having lived through many changes 饱经沧桑
to safekeep 保管
to keep sth confidential 保密
nanny 保姆
conservative 保守
to defend 保卫
to take good care of one's health 保养
to safeguard 保障
to take care of oneself 保重
to take revenge 报仇
reward 报酬
to repay 报答
to report for duty 报到
to make reprisals 报复
newspaper 报社
to submit an expense account 报销
aspiration 抱负
to complain 抱怨
violence 暴力
to expose 暴露
to break out 爆发
explosion 爆炸
base 卑鄙
grieved 悲哀
miserable 悲惨
the North Pole 北极
shell 贝壳
backup 备份
memorandum 备忘录
to betray 背叛
to recite 背诵
passive 被动
defendant 被告
to rush about 奔波
to run quickly 奔驰
instinct 本能
seed money 本钱
I 本人
itself 本身
source material 本事
based on 本着
clumsy 笨拙
to break down 崩溃
need not 甭
to burst forth 迸发
to jump 蹦
to force 逼迫
nasal mucus 鼻涕
analogy 比方
to compare 比喻
proportion 比重
to be bound to 必定
to stop up 闭塞
malady 弊病
systemic problem 弊端
jasper 碧玉
arm 臂
border area 边疆
boundary 边界
frontier 边境
edge 边缘
to weave 编织
to spur on 鞭策
to belittle 贬低
derogatory sense 贬义
flat 扁
an unforeseen event 变故
changes 变迁
to degenerate 变质
convenient 便利
note 便条
easy to 便于
to cover the whole 遍布
to recognize 辨认
to speak in defense of 辩护
to explain 辩解
dialectical 辩证
plait 辫子
specimen 标本
sign 标记
title 标题
to rise rapidly 飙升
to decide by vote 表决
to declare one's position 表态
to honor 表彰
to hold back 憋
awkward 别扭
villa 别墅
unusual 别致
on the edge of 濒临
hail 冰雹
to exist at the same time 并存
really isn't 并非
to stand side by side 并列
to call 拨打
wave 波浪
waves surging forth 波涛汹涌
to exploit 剥削
to broadcast 播放
to grow from seed 播种
wife of father's elder brother 伯母
wide-ranging and profound 博大精深
exposition 博览会
to wrestle 搏斗
to compensate 补偿
to remedy 补救
to subsidize 补贴
breastfeeding 哺乳
to catch 捕捉
to act against one's will 不得已
there is no harm in 不妨
you flatter me 不敢当
in spite of 不顾
can't help 不禁
cannot bear 不堪
inconceivable 不可思议
to be worthy of 不愧
unexpectedly 不料
from time to time 不时
not stint 不惜
equally matched 不相上下
unreasonable 不像话
to disdain as beneath contempt 不屑一顾
it goes without saying 不言而喻
cannot but 不由得
by fair means or foul 不择手段
incessantly 不止
posting on a bulletin board 布告
arrangement 布局
to put in order 布置
pace 步伐
to dispose 部署
part , or a garment etc) 部位
ability 才干
wealth 财富
financial affairs 财务
finances 财政
to make an item of clothing 裁缝
judgment 裁判
to cut staff 裁员
to procure 采购
to gather 采集
to accept 采纳
lottery ticket 彩票
staff officer 参谋
to consult a reference 参照
cruel 残酷
to remain 残留
mean 残忍
to glitter 灿烂
all of a sudden 仓促
depot 仓库
pale 苍白
cabin 舱
to work hard 操劳
drill 操练
to operate 操纵
to work 操作
noisy 嘈杂
draft 草案
careless 草率
lateral side 侧面
survey 测量
game plan 策略
to plot 策划
more and more emerge 层出不穷
layer 层次
to track down and seize 查获
fork in road 岔
flabbergasted 诧异
disparity 差距
diesel fuel 柴油
to take by the arm and assist 搀
greedy for food 馋
twisting 缠绕
industry 产业
to expound 阐述
to shudder 颤抖
prosperous 昌盛
savage 猖狂
to try 尝试
to reimburse 偿还
all year round 常年
routine 常务
occasion 场合
scene 场面
location 场所
unimpeded 畅通
to sell well 畅销
to advocate 倡导
to suggest 倡议
to open wide 敞开
paper money 钞票
super- 超级
to surpass 超越
full of youthful energy 朝气蓬勃
to jeer at 嘲笑
tide 潮流
damp 潮湿
to retreat 撤退
to repeal 撤销
to settle 沉淀
oppressive 沉闷
to contemplate 沉思
steady 沉着
heavy 沉重
old-fashioned 陈旧
to display 陈列
an assertion 陈述
name 称号
after one's own heart 称心如意
costs 成本
to complete a contract 成交
all day long 成天
effect 成效
intentional 成心
member 成员
to appear 呈现
to undertake 承办
to contract 承包
to promise 承诺
sincere 诚挚
castle 城堡
attendant on an airplane, train, boat etc 乘务员
penalty 惩罚
to clarify 澄清
orange 橙
weighing scale 秤
to bear hardships 吃苦
to entail strenuous effort 吃力
pool 池塘
slow 迟缓
to hesitate 迟疑
lasting 持久
equator 赤道
deficit 赤字
to serve as 充当
abundant 充沛
rich 充实
adequate 充足
to have an urge 冲动
to attack 冲击
conflict 冲突
to worship 崇拜
majestic 崇高
to revere 崇敬
to find the time to do sth 抽空
dense 稠密
preparations 筹备
to waver 踌躇
ugly 丑恶
a way out 出路
to offer for sale 出卖
to be born of 出身
spellbound 出神
future prospects 出息
to make a fool of oneself 出洋相
initial 初步
reserves 储备
stockpile 储存
to deposit money 储蓄
to discipline sb 处分
plight 处境
to handle 处置
to raise animals 畜牧
to violate 触犯
the stream flows without stopping 川流不息
to pass through 穿越
to pass on 传达
leaflet 传单
biography 传记
to impart 传授
shipping 船舶
to breathe deeply 喘气
to string together 串
bed sheet 床单
measure word for buildings 幢
to found 创立
to bring forth new ideas 创新
to begin an undertaking 创业
to create 创作
to talk big 吹牛
to flatter 吹捧
perpendicular 垂直
hammer 锤
pure 纯粹
clean and honest 纯洁
vocabulary 词汇
kindly 慈祥
male and female 雌雄
substandard products 次品
sequence 次序
to serve 伺候
thorn 刺
calm 从容不迫
cluster 丛
to bring together 凑合
coarse 粗鲁
to flee 窜
to ravage 摧残
frail 脆弱
to rub 搓
to consult 磋商
setback 挫折
to put up 搭
to cooperate 搭档
to pair up 搭配
to reach 达成
to reply 答辩
to answer 答复
to wrap 打包
to file a lawsuit 打官司
to hit 打击
to fight 打架
to size sb up 打量
to go hunting 打猎
to fight a battle 打仗
at worst 大不了
chancellor 大臣
everybody 大伙儿
large building 大厦
wantonly 大肆
in general 大体
general idea 大意
more or less 大致
evildoer 歹徒
to arrest 逮捕
price 代价
to act on behalf of 代理
to guide 带领
to slight 怠慢
to guarantee 担保
timidity 胆怯
birthday 诞辰
to be born 诞生
flexibility 弹性
off season 淡季
potable water 淡水
protein 蛋白质
at the scene 当场
at that time 当初
to sb's face 当面
the present time 当前
persons involved or implicated 当事人
top priority job 当务之急
to take care 当心
to be elected 当选
political party 党
file 档案
grade 档次
missile 导弹
navigation 导航
to be oriented towards 导向
island 岛屿
to disturb 捣乱
to go bankrupt 倒闭
to steal 盗窃
unhusked rice 稻谷
stage 地步
terrain 地势
geology 地质
the gains do not make up for the losses 得不偿失
able 得力
blessed by heaven 得天独厚
to commit an offense 得罪
lantern 灯笼
to land 登陆
to register 登录
to step on 蹬
rank 等级
to stare at 瞪
dam 堤坝
hostile 敌视
to arrive 抵达
to resist 抵抗
to boycott 抵制
to increase by degrees 递增
to be jolted around 颠簸
to turn upside down 颠倒
celebration 典礼
model 典型
to decorate 点缀
electric power source 电源
pad 垫
to think of 惦记
to fix 奠定
to hold in the mouth 叼
to carve 雕刻
a statue 雕塑
to suspend 吊
to transfer 调动
harmonious 调和
to adjust 调剂
to regulate 调节
to mediate 调解
condiment 调料
to fall 跌
to warn repeatedly 叮嘱
to watch attentively 盯
at set dates 定期
definition 定义
to lose face 丢人
forgetful 丢三落四
host 东道主
to look in all directions 东张西望
chairman of the board of directors 董事长
unrest 动荡
motive 动机
movement 动静
motive power 动力
artery 动脉
to go on a journey 动身
to set about 动手
motion 动态
to mobilize 动员
to freeze 冻结
measure word for houses 栋
cave 洞穴
city 都市
pocket 兜
precipitous 陡峭
a struggle 斗争
to supervise and urge completion of a task 督促
drugs 毒品
dictatorship 独裁
to clog up 堵塞
to gamble 赌博
to put an end to 杜绝
to carry with both hands 端
Dragon Boat Festival 端午节
upright 端正
short in time 短促
to conclude 断定
intermittent 断断续续
to sever 断绝
to pile up 堆积
ranks 队伍
countermeasure 对策
symmetry 对称
to deal with 对付
to withstand 对抗
to oppose 对立
rhyming couplet 对联
to correspond 对应
to contrast 对照
to convert 兑换
to cash 兑现
immediately 顿时
diversification 多元化
to tremble 哆嗦
to degrade 堕落
extra 额外
to worsen 恶化
nausea 恶心
to plunder 掠夺
a little bit 略微
to check 遏制
gratitude and grudges 恩怨
that's all 而已
earring 耳环
carbon dioxide CO2 二氧化碳
to release 发布
to get rich 发财
to stare blankly 发呆
to start 发动
to catch fire 发火
to become aware 发觉
to shoot 发射
to vow 发誓
to publish 发行
to become inflamed 发炎
to develop 发扬
to mature 发育
legal person 法人
measure word for rounds 番
bustling 繁华
hectic 繁忙
traditional Chinese character 繁体字
to breed 繁殖
to retort 反驳
abnormal 反常
but on the contrary 反倒
reaction 反动
to be disgusted with 反感
to rebel 反抗
to send back information 反馈
reverse side 反面
to reflect 反射
to think back over sth 反思
to ask in reply 反问
on the other hand 反之
to be in flood 泛滥
category 范畴
to sell 贩卖
direction 方位
topolect 方言
policy 方针
to protect 防守
to prevent epidemics 防疫
defense 防御
to prevent 防止
to prevent and cure 防治
spinning and weaving 纺织
to enlarge 放大
to radiate 放射
to let go one's hold 放手
birds and animals 飞禽走兽
to circle in the air 飞翔
to leap 飞跃
illegal 非法
fertile 肥沃
gangster 匪徒
to slander 诽谤
to abolish 废除
ruins 废墟
to boil 沸腾
to distinguish 分辨
propriety 分寸
dividend 分红
to resolve 分解
quantity 分量
to split up 分裂
to secrete 分泌
distinct 分明
divergent 分歧
to scatter 分散
to part company 分手
to tell 吩咐
grave 坟墓
fine powder 粉末
pink 粉色
to crush 粉碎
ample 丰满
sumptuous 丰盛
bumper harvest 丰收
storm 风暴
elegance 风度
view 风光
general mood 风气
charm 风趣
local conditions and customs 风土人情
distinctive flavor 风味
to close 封闭
system of enfeoffment 封建
to blockade 封锁
sharp 锋利
to meet by chance 逢
to offer respectfully 奉献
to veto 否决
to elaborate 敷衍
to be convinced 服气
captive 俘虏
symbol 符号
width 幅度
material benefit 福利
good fortune 福气
radiation 辐射
to foster 抚养
lowering and raising of the head 俯仰
to assist 辅助
corruption 腐败
to rot 腐烂
corrosion 腐蚀
rotten 腐朽
to bear 负担
to agree 附和
enclosure 附件
subsidiary 附属
to revive 复活
to rejuvenate 复兴
secondary 副
side effect 副作用
well-to-do 富裕
to assign 赋予
diarrhea 腹泻
to cover 覆盖
a couple 夫妇
lady 夫人
to improve 改良
to affix a seal 盖章
to be willing to 甘心
embarrassed 尴尬
to sigh with sorrow, regret etc 感慨
to infect 感染
drought 干旱
enthusiasm for doing sth 干劲
to interfere 干扰
to meddle 干涉
to intervene 干预
lever 杠杆
program 纲领
a post 岗位
port 港口
bay serving as a harbor 港湾
excellent 高超
high tide 高潮
peak 高峰
college entrance exam 高考
brilliant 高明
noble 高尚
to surge up 高涨
piece of writing submitted for publication 稿件
to say goodbye 告辞
to warn 告诫
swelling or lump on skin 疙瘩
to cut 割
to place 搁
to sing the praises of 歌颂
structure 格局
form 格式
misunderstanding 隔阂
to separate 隔离
individual 个体
everyone gives their own view 各抒己见
to give 给予
deep-rooted 根深蒂固
origin 根源
the front 跟前
to follow 跟随
to follow sb's tracks 跟踪
arable land 耕地
to update 更新
to correct 更正
period of time 工夫
handicraft article 工艺品
public security bureau 公安局
justice 公道
post 公告
public relations 公关
citizen 公民
husband's parents 公婆
openly 公然
publicly known 公认
formula 公式
official business 公务
just 公正
notarization 公证
homework 功课
contribution 功劳
efficacy 功效
to accuse 攻击
to capture 攻克
supply does not meet demand 供不应求
to furnish 供给
palace 宫殿
deferential 恭敬
to consolidate 巩固
republic 共和国
to sum up to 共计
to resonate 共鸣
to collude with 勾结
hook 钩子
to design 构思
for the time being 姑且
lonely 孤独
isolated 孤立
to fail to live up 辜负
curio 古董
strange 古怪
shareholder 股东
a share 股份
diaphysis 骨干
to urge 鼓动
admittedly 固然
intrinsic to sth 固有
obstinate 固执
home 故乡
malfunction 故障
misgivings 顾虑
adviser 顾问
crutches 拐杖
to keep an eye on 关照
to tour 观光
government 官方
to administer 管辖
to implement 贯彻
convention 惯例
to irrigate 灌溉
can 罐
luster 光彩
radiance 光辉
rays of light 光芒
wide 广阔
after all 归根到底
to return sth 归还
to sum up 归纳
norm 规范
standard 规格
to draw up a plan 规划
rule 规章
track 轨道
lord 贵族
to kneel 跪
club 棍棒
national defense 国防
State Council 国务院
firm 果断
excessive 过度
to cross over 过渡
to overpraise 过奖
to filter 过滤
error 过失
to show an interest in 过问
to satisfy a craving 过瘾
too much 过于
hi 嗨
to restore to the original state 还原
height above sea level 海拔
shore 海滨
ambiguous 含糊
meaning 含义
to exchange conventional greetings 寒暄
rare 罕见
to uphold 捍卫
aviation 航空
space flight 航天
to sail 航行
millimeter 毫米
not in the least 毫无
bold 豪迈
hospitality 好客
to appeal 号召
to waste 耗费
to merge 合并
to compose 合成
to accord with 合乎
to act jointly 合伙
well-fitting 合身
worthwhile 合算
nice 和蔼
to reconcile 和解
peaceful relations 和睦
friendly 和气
harmony 和谐
hey 嘿
vestige 痕迹
callous 狠心
wishing one could do sth 恨不得
to groan 哼
to cause a sensation 轰动
to coax 哄
to bake 烘
money wrapped in red as a gift 红包
macro- 宏观
grand 宏伟
deluge 洪水
the throat 喉咙
to roar 吼
descendant 后代
fears of trouble in the rear 后顾之忧
logistics 后勤
candidate 候选
to whistle 呼啸
to call on 呼吁
to neglect 忽略
reckless 胡乱
lake 湖泊
Internet 互联网
petal 花瓣
gorgeous 华丽
overseas Chinese 华侨
fertilizer 化肥
fossil 化石
chemical examination 化验
to put on makeup 化妆
to divide up 划分
to ruin by overdoing it 画蛇添足
microphone 话筒
pregnant 怀孕
segment 环节
to ease 缓和
patient 患者
gaiety 欢乐
desolate 荒凉
absurd 荒谬
beyond belief 荒唐
in a great rush 慌忙
dusk 黄昏
to suddenly realize 恍然大悟
to squander money 挥霍
splendid 辉煌
return 回报
to shun 回避
to look back 回顾
to recycle 回收
remorse 悔恨
to perish 毁灭
to report 汇报
to meet 会晤
to bribe 贿赂
to lose consciousness 昏迷
all over 浑身
to mix 混合
confusion 混乱
to obscure 混淆
turbid 混浊
serve sb right 活该
energy 活力
rocket 火箭
blaze 火焰
gunpowder 火药
perhaps 或许
currency 货币
to sneer 讥笑
hunger 饥饿
locomotive 机动
mechanism 机构
gear 机关
clever 机灵
classified 机密
machine 机械
opportunity 机遇
quick-witted 机智
indication 迹象
industrial or military base 基地
fund 基金
gene 基因
to arouse 激发
to motivate 激励
passion 激情
at the earliest possible time 及早
lucky 吉祥
level 级别
even if 即便
on the eve of 即将
extreme 极端
limit 极限
seeking instant benefit 急功近利
rapid 急剧
eager 急切
anxious for quick results 急于求成
irritable 急躁
disease 疾病
group 集团
to be jealous of 嫉妒
one's native place 籍贯
to bother about 计较
memory 记性
to write down 记载
minutes 纪要
taboo 忌讳
technical ability 技能
skill 技巧
quarter of a year 季度
third in a race 季军
to inherit 继承
to follow the past and herald the future 继往开来
quiet 寂静
to entrust 寄托
to process 加工
to intensify 加剧
to mix together 夹杂
fine food 佳肴
the daily life of a family 家常
fellow 家伙
family member 家属
understood by everyone 家喻户晓
to suppose 假设
if 假使
sharp pointed end 尖端
staunch 坚定
firmly 坚固
tough and durable 坚韧
firm and substantial 坚实
hard 坚硬
spy 间谍
gap 间隔
indirect 间接
difficult 艰难
part-time job 兼职
to control 监督
to monitor 监视
prison 监狱
to choose 拣
to cut the ribbon 剪彩
to examine or inspect 检讨
to inspect 检验
to simplify 简化
simple and crude 简陋
simplified character 简体字
concise 简要
experienced and knowledgeable 见多识广
opinion 见解
what one has seen and heard 见闻
to see what is right and act courageously 见义勇为
robust 健全
warship 舰艇
to splash 溅
to trample 践踏
to differentiate 鉴别
to appraise 鉴定
in view of 鉴于
almost 将近
general 将军
stiff 僵硬
to reward 奖励
prize 奖赏
oar 桨
to descend 降临
to cross 交叉
to give instructions 交代
to negotiate 交涉
to associate 交往
to deal 交易
delicate 娇气
focal point 焦点
anxiety 焦急
nook 角落
to stir 搅拌
to pay 缴纳
to pit oneself against sb 较量
to educate 教养
social class 阶层
all 皆
on end 接连
to bring to light 揭发
to unmask 揭露
rhythm 节奏
outstanding 杰出
to crystallize 结晶
conclusion 结局
to settle a bill 结算
up to 截至
to spare no effort 竭尽全力
to remove 解除
to fire 解雇
to dissect 解剖
to disband 解散
to break up into components 解体
to take precautions 戒备
dividing line 界限
to draw on 借鉴
to draw support from 借助
banking 金融
with keen interest 津津有味
as quickly as possible 尽快
inseparably close 紧密
pressing 紧迫
bright future 锦绣前程
enthusiasm 劲头
recently 近来
shortsighted 近视
and then 进而
to assault 进攻
evolution 进化
to make headway 进展
to promote to a higher position 晋升
to steep 浸泡
funds 经费
to trade 经商
warp and woof 经纬
stalk 茎
to alarm 惊动
to be amazed 惊奇
amazed 惊讶
conscientious 兢兢业业
meticulous planning and careful accounting 精打细算
best feature 精华
to reduce 精简
accuracy 精密
accurate 精确
to be proficient in 精通
with utmost care 精心
to perfect sth that is already outstanding 精益求精
fine 精致
a well 井
cervical vertebra 颈椎
to admonish 警告
to be on the alert 警惕
to compete 竞赛
to take part in an election 竞选
to salute 敬礼
state 境界
camera lens 镜头
dispute 纠纷
to make right 纠正
alcohol 酒精
emergency relief 救济
nearby 就近
to get a job 就业
to take office 就职
to reside 居住
to detain 拘留
to restrict 拘束
to bow 鞠躬
part 局部
aspect 局面
state of affairs 局势
to limit 局限
to chew 咀嚼
dispirited 沮丧
act 举动
world-famous 举世闻名
to receive worldwide attention 举世瞩目
to play a critical role 举足轻重
script for play, opera, movie etc 剧本
violent 剧烈
according to reports 据悉
to concentrate one's attention 聚精会神
strategic decision 决策
to despair 绝望
to come to understand 觉悟
to awaken 觉醒
armed forces 军队
cartoon 卡通
to extract 开采
to expel 开除
open 开阔
spacious and well-lit 开朗
enlightened 开明
to open up 开辟
boiled water 开水
to break new ground 开拓
to launch 开展
expenditures 开支
to carry a story 刊登
publication 刊物
to prospect 勘探
to look upon 看待
to pay a visit to 看望
vehement 慷慨
to carry on the shoulder 扛
to observe and study 考察
archaeology 考古
to examine 考核
to test 考验
to draw close to 靠拢
academic subject 科目
kernel 颗粒
to bump 磕
repulsive 可恶
considerable 可观
tasty 可口
funny 可笑
feasible 可行
to thirst for 渴望
to brook no delay 刻不容缓
client 客户
task 课题
earnest 恳切
to gnaw 啃
pit 坑
blank space 空白
cavity 空洞
unprecedented and never to be duplicated 空前绝后
crack 空隙
daydream 空想
hollow 空虚
hole 孔
to be frightened 恐惧
to threaten 恐吓
tone of voice 口气
oral cavity 口腔
oral 口头
voice 口音
used up 枯竭
dry and dull 枯燥
bitterness finishes, sweetness begins 苦尽甘来
to carry over the arm 挎
to step across 跨
happy 快活
spacious 宽敞
to entertain 款待
pattern 款式
frame 框架
basket 筐
moreover 况且
to play truant 旷课
to treat sb unfairly 亏待
loss 亏损
insect 昆虫
to bind 捆绑
to expand 扩充
to diffuse 扩散
expansion 扩张
horn 喇叭
sound of singing, cheering etc 啦
history 来历
source 来源
regular column or segment 栏目
idle 懒惰
in a difficult situation 狼狈
to read aloud 朗读
to fish up 捞
secure 牢固
discontent 牢骚
to prattle 唠叨
a musical score 乐谱
delight 乐趣
to be willing to do sth 乐意
radar 雷达
similar 类似
cold 冷淡
unfeeling 冷酷
to cool 冷却
to look distracted 愣
dawn 黎明
etiquette 礼节
milestone 里程碑
to heed 理睬
as it should be by rights 理所当然
in the right and self-confident 理直气壮
reason 理智
as far as one's capabilities extend 力所能及
to try hard to 力图
to work hard for 力争
successive generations 历代
throughout history 历来
position 立场
overpass 立交桥
three-dimensional 立体
to stand 立足
terrible 利害
interest rates 利率
exception 例外
successive years 连年
to interlock 连锁
together with 连同
to have a get-together 联欢
to get in touch with 联络
alliance 联盟
to make an associative connection 联想
incorruptible 廉洁
conscience 良心
mutual understanding 谅解
to dry in the air 晾
vast 辽阔
a list 列举
clinical 临床
to drench 淋
stingy 吝啬
inspiration 灵感
soul 灵魂
smart 灵敏
very early in the morning 凌晨
fragmentary 零星
to understand 领会
consulate 领事馆
territory 领土
to grasp 领悟
to lead 领先
leader 领袖
witty 伶俐
to slip away 溜
to drift about 流浪
to show by means of one's actions, tone of voice etc 流露
rogue 流氓
to circulate 流通
reluctant to leave 留恋
to keep as a souvenir 留念
to be careful 留神
to envelop 笼罩
deaf and dumb 聋哑
ceremonious 隆重
to monopolize 垄断
to hug 搂
stove 炉灶
repeatedly 屡次
to fulfill 履行
to command 率领
steamship 轮船
an outline 轮廓
tire 轮胎
forum 论坛
to prove a point 论证
screw 螺丝钉
continuously 络绎不绝
to complete a construction project 落成
practical 落实
paralysis 麻痹
numb 麻木
anesthesia 麻醉
dock 码头
modal particle 嘛
to ambush 埋伏
to engulf 埋没
to grumble 埋怨
to bury 埋葬
to take a step 迈
pulse 脉搏
slow and patient 慢性
caricature 漫画
very long 漫长
to spread 蔓延
busy 忙碌
blind 盲目
boundless 茫茫
blankly 茫然
lush 茂盛
to feign 冒充
at one's wit's end 没辙
measure word for coins and medals 枚
intermediary 媒介
media, esp. news media 媒体
pleasing to the eye 美观
blissful 美满
beautiful 美妙
outpatient service 门诊
to sprout 萌芽
to fool 蒙
fierce 猛烈
to dream of 梦想
to narrow one's eyes 眯
to complement 弥补
to pervade 弥漫
to puzzle 迷惑
fascinating 迷人
to lose one's way 迷失
superstition 迷信
density 密度
to seal up 密封
so as not to 免得
immunity 免疫
to encourage 勉励
to do with difficulty 勉强
face 面貌
outer surface 面子
to describe 描绘
minute 渺小
to be destroyed 灭亡
to loathe 蔑视
among the people 民间
civilian use 民用
sensitive 敏感
nimble 敏捷
keen 敏锐
position in a ranking of names 名次
quota 名额
not just in name only, but also in reality 名副其实
fame 名誉
obviously 明明
to give a name to 命名
to feel about 摸索
fine example 模范
mode 模式
mold 模型
appearance 模样
membrane 膜
friction 摩擦
to break in 磨合
devil 魔鬼
magic 魔术
to erase 抹杀
baffling 莫名其妙
ink 墨水儿
in silence 默默
to seek 谋求
native language 母语
to witness 目睹
gaze 目光
to take a bath 沐浴
nonverbal grunt as interjection 嗯
expert in 拿手
puzzled 纳闷儿
durable 耐用
seldom 难得
hard to take 难堪
hard to avoid 难免
rare and precious 难能可贵
annoyed 恼火
meaningful content 内涵
inside story 内幕
inner 内在
capabilities 能量
to draw up 拟定
year 年度
to pinch 捏
would rather 宁肯
would prefer to 宁愿
to twist 拧
to solidify 凝固
to condense 凝聚
to gaze at 凝视
to reverse 扭转
button 纽扣儿
the traditional Chinese calendar 农历
thick 浓厚
slave 奴隶
to mistreat 虐待
to shift 挪
oh 哦
Europe 欧洲
to beat up 殴打
to vomit 呕吐
to lie on one's stomach 趴
to pace back and forth 徘徊
to reject 排斥
to rule out 排除
to arrange in order 排放
sect 派别
to send 派遣
to climb 攀登
to spiral 盘旋
to pass judgment on 判决
riverside 畔
huge 庞大
to abandon 抛弃
foam 泡沫
job training 培训
to train 培育
to allocate 配备
spouse 配偶
to form a complete set 配套
basin 盆地
cooking 烹饪
to hold in both hands 捧
wholesale 批发
to criticize 批判
to hack 劈
leather 皮革
beaten 疲惫
to tire 疲倦
buttocks 屁股
for example 譬如
bias 偏差
prejudice 偏见
remote 偏僻
unfortunately 偏偏
section 片断
short period of time 片刻
to wave 飘扬
to float 漂浮
to go all out 拼搏
to do one's utmost 拼命
impoverished 贫乏
poverty 贫困
frequently 频繁
frequency 频率
to taste a small amount 品尝
moral character 品德
behavior 品行
character 品质
commonplace 平凡
plane 平面
even 平坦
parallel 平行
field 平原
to evaluate 评估
to comment on 评论
barrier 屏障
slope 坡
rather 颇
impatient 迫不及待
to persecute 迫害
to make an exception 破例
courage 魄力
to spill 泼
to throw oneself at 扑
plain 朴实
to spread extensively 普及
to spread out 铺
waterfall 瀑布
exposure 曝光
mournful 凄凉
to have expectations 期望
time limit 期限
to bully 欺负
to deceive 欺骗
complete 齐全
to work with a common purpose 齐心协力
fantastic 奇妙
to discriminate against 歧视
Chinese-style dress 旗袍
ensign 旗帜
beggar 乞丐
how can this be so? 岂有此理
to set out on a journey 启程
to enlighten 启示
announcement 启事
to make a draft 起草
originally 起初
to move up and down 起伏
to heckle 起哄
at the minimum 起码
uprising 起义
to originate 起源
lofty quality 气概
qigong 气功
spirit 气魄
complexion 气色
imposing manner 气势
odor 气味
meteorological feature 气象
atmospheric pressure 气压
so far 迄今为止
equipment 器材
organ 器官
to pick 掐
appropriate 恰当
it's just perfect 恰到好处
by chance 恰巧
to discuss 洽谈
by every possible means 千方百计
to yield 迁就
to migrate 迁徙
to involve 牵扯
to curb 牵制
humble 谦逊
to agree to and sign 签订
to sign 签署
foreground 前景
premise 前提
potential 潜力
to dive 潜水
imperceptible influence 潜移默化
to denounce 谴责
to compel 强迫
to coerce 强制
to rob 抢劫
to rescue 抢救
bridge 桥梁
to stick up 翘
realistic 切实
to chip away at a task and not abandon it 锲而不舍
affectionate 亲热
personal 亲身
to infringe on 侵犯
to admire 钦佩
hardworking and frugal 勤俭
diligent and attentive 勤恳
hydrogen 氢
easy 轻而易举
to listen attentively 倾听
trend 倾向
to incline 倾斜
limpid 清澈
early morning 清晨
to clear away 清除
clean 清洁
to clear up 清理
clear 清晰
clear-headed 清醒
Islamic 清真
information 情报
plot of a story 情节
sense 情理
circumstances 情形
sunny and cloudless 晴朗
invitation card 请柬
to ask for guidance 请教
to ask for instructions 请示
written invitation 请帖
hills 丘陵
to draw a distinction 区分
area 区域
winding 曲折
poem for singing 曲子
to deport 驱逐
to surrender 屈服
irrigation ditch 渠道
to suppress 取缔
fun 趣味
trap 圈套
overall situation 全局
to do at all costs 全力以赴
to consider 权衡
authority 权威
rights 权益
fist 拳头
dog 犬
nick 缺口
to be absent 缺席
defect 缺陷
lame 瘸
to ensure 确保
to institute 确立
definite 确切
to be sure 确信
mass 群众
to dye 染
to concede 让步
to forgive 饶恕
to perturb 扰乱
to stir up trouble 惹祸
eyes brimming with tears of excitement 热泪盈眶
popular 热门
human sympathy 人道
personality 人格
artificial 人工
household 人家
the human world 人间
person 人士
man-made 人为
human nature 人性
hostage 人质
benevolent 仁慈
to endure 忍耐
to put up with 忍受
to maintain 认定
to approve 认可
to appoint 任命
willful 任性
any 任意
a heavy load and a long road 任重道远
still 仍旧
daily renewal, monthly change 日新月异
day by day 日益
one's appearance 容貌
to hold 容纳
receptacle 容器
to tolerate 容忍
to dissolve 溶解
friendly relations 融洽
gentle 柔和
to knead 揉
a certain number or amount 若干
weak point 弱点
to tell lies 撒谎
cheek 腮
triangle 三角
to disseminate 散布
to distribute 散发
prose 散文
to forfeit 丧失
older brother's wife 嫂子
tint 色彩
to brake 刹车
an instant 刹那
what 啥
to sift 筛选
mountain range 山脉
flickering 闪烁
to be good at 擅长
without permission 擅自
to be a real headache 伤脑筋
trademark 商标
higher authorities 上级
motivation 上进心
previous 上任
to get into a habit 上瘾
upper reaches 上游
to bring along 捎
tip of branch 梢
whistle 哨
luxurious 奢侈
to set up 设立
to imagine 设想
to install 设置
community 社区
to touch upon 涉及
to absorb 摄取
°C 摄氏度
to declare 申报
to moan 呻吟
gentleman 绅士
profound 深奥
deep 深沉
deep friendship 深情厚谊
magical 神奇
cocky 神气
look on one's face 神情
facial expression 神色
divine 神圣
demeanor 神态
Daoist immortal 神仙
to investigate 审查
to hear 审理
esthetics 审美
a trial 审判
to permeate 渗透
cautious 慎重
to exist 生存
opportunity to live 生机
physiology 生理
unfamiliar 生疏
ecology 生态
organism 生物
to take effect 生效
to rust 生锈
to give birth 生育
to state 声明
fame and power 声势
reputation 声誉
domesticated animals 牲畜
provincial capital 省会
victory or defeat 胜负
to ladle 盛
to produce in abundance 盛产
blooming 盛开
great kindness 盛情
to be in vogue 盛行
dead body 尸体
lapse 失误
to be missing 失踪
teacher-training 师范
to exert 施加
to use fully 施展
hundred percent 十足
oil 石油
time difference 时差
often 时常
occasionally 时而
time 时光
opportune moment 时机
current trends 时事
fashion 时装
tangible benefit 实惠
strength 实力
to carry out 实施
to seek truth from facts 实事求是
substance 实质
mission 使命
for many generations 世代
worldview 世界观
to demonstrate 示范
a demonstration 示威
to indicate 示意
accident 事故
deed 事迹
event 事件
situation 事态
affairs 事务
matter 事项
undertaking 事业
undoubtedly will 势必
power 势力
vision 视力
line of sight 视线
field of view 视野
to attempt 试图
experiment 试验
right and wrong 是非
suitable 适宜
to pass away 逝世
to set free 释放
to discern 识别
to pick up 拾
to collect 收藏
to pull back 收缩
earnings 收益
radio 收音机
technique 手法
gesture 手势
craftmanship 手艺
to guard 守护
the most important 首要
hardships 受罪
to award 授予
calligraphy 书法
books 书籍
secretary 书记
in writing 书面
to overlook 疏忽
entirely free from worry 舒畅
bunch 束
to tie 束缚
to establish 树立
vertical 竖
to count 数
amount 数额
number 数目
to play with 耍
to age 衰老
to decline 衰退
to rinse 涮
twin 双胞胎
refreshed 爽快
water conservancy 水利
faucet 水龙头
cement 水泥
judicial 司法
commanding officer 司令
private 私自
to long for 思念
to think deeply 思索
thought 思维
train of thought 思绪
refined 斯文
to die 死亡
the four limbs of the body 四肢
to raise 饲养
absolutely unrestrained 肆无忌惮
to shrug 耸
to search 搜索
measure word for ships 艘
to come to 苏醒
common saying 俗话
vegetarian food 素食
inner quality 素质
to model 塑造
lawsuit 诉讼
let it be 算了
to count numbers 算数
presently 随即
to on one's person 随身
conveniently 随手
as one wishes 随意
years 岁月
tunnel 隧道
to damage 损坏
to ask for compensation 索赔
you might as well 索性
to collapse 塌
firmly-based 踏实
stage presence, poise 台风
outer space 太空
distinguished figure 泰斗
avaricious 贪婪
to be corrupt 贪污
vendor's stand 摊儿
be paralyzed 瘫痪
honest 坦白
to sigh 叹气
to probe 探测
to explore 探索
to probe into 探讨
to visit 探望
candied fruit skewer 糖葫芦
supposing 倘若
to fish out 掏
unceasing torrent 滔滔不绝
pottery and porcelain 陶瓷
naughty 淘气
to wash out 淘汰
to haggle over price 讨价还价
special 特定
characteristic 特色
personal strength 特长
to promote to a higher job 提拔
to refine 提炼
to point out 提示
proposal 提议
subject matter 题材
to empathize 体谅
dignity 体面
system 体系
talent 天才
family love and joy 天伦之乐
natural gas 天然气
nature 天生
paradise 天堂
astronomy 天文
track and field 田径
to lick 舔
to incite disharmony 挑拨
picky 挑剔
to provoke 挑衅
clause 条款
order 条理
treaty 条约
to bound 跳跃
pavilion 亭子
to halt 停顿
to anchor 停泊
stagnation 停滞
tall and straight 挺拔
exchange of goods 通货
common 通俗
to use anywhere, anytime 通用
born of the same parents 同胞
comrade 同志
copper mine 铜矿
children's fairy tales 童话
an overall plan taking into account all factors 统筹兼顾
statistics 统计
totally 统统
to speculate 投机
surrender 投降
to vote 投票
to throw sth a long distance 投掷
bald 秃
to break through 突破
design 图案
apprentice 徒弟
way 途径
soil 土壤
to paint 涂抹
to unite 团结
organization 团体
to have a reunion 团圆
speculation 推测
to overthrow 推翻
reasoning 推理
to infer 推论
to market 推销
to swallow 吞咽
to consign 托运
to delay 拖延
to separate oneself from 脱离
properly done 妥当
proper 妥善
to compromise 妥协
oval 椭圆
spittle 唾沫
to excavate 挖掘
baby 娃娃
to disintegrate 瓦解
wow 哇
to distort 歪曲
external 外表
the outside world 外界
extroverted 外向
layman 外行
pill 丸
faultless 完备
to finish 完毕
to toy with 玩弄
toy 玩意儿
stubborn 顽固
tenacious 顽强
to retrieve 挽回
to save 挽救
to regret 惋惜
very much 万分
network 网络
usual 往常
past events 往事
to attempt vainly 妄想
crisis 危机
might 威风
formidable power 威力
prestige 威望
trust 威信
negligible 微不足道
micro- 微观
to go against 违背
only 唯独
to keep 维持
vitamin 维生素
maintenance 维修
to forge 伪造
committee member 委员
satellite 卫星
to feel embarrassed or awkward 为难
by 为期
head 为首
unavoidably 未免
to be located at 位于
to fear 畏惧
appetite 胃口
to express sympathy 慰问
temperate zone 温带
mild 温和
diploma 文凭
cultural relic 文物
document 文献
elegant 文雅
literature and art 文艺
to be published 问世
nest 窝
jet-black 乌黑
to smear 污蔑
to entrap 诬陷
incomparable 无比
free 无偿
without any sense of shame 无耻
not to have access 无从
aloof 无动于衷
nothing else 无非
dispirited and downcast 无精打采
"no comment" 无可奉告
have no way out 无可奈何
hoodlum 无赖
to make trouble without reason 无理取闹
impotent 无能为力
endless 无穷无尽
in every possible way 无微不至
carefree and without worries 无忧无虑
ignorant 无知
martial arts chivalry 武侠
arms 武装
to insult 侮辱
dance 舞蹈
do not 勿
good quality and cheap 物美价廉
goods 物资
difference 误差
to misunderstand 误解
must 务必
pragmatic 务实
sunset 夕阳
to draw 吸取
former days 昔日
to sacrifice one's life 牺牲
creek 溪
to stop burning 熄灭
knee 膝盖
custom 习俗
attack 袭击
daughter-in-law 媳妇
to love to hear and see 喜闻乐见
joyous 喜悦
series 系列
cell 细胞
bacterium 细菌
careful 细致
canyon 峡谷
narrow-minded 狭隘
narrow 狭窄
rosy clouds 霞
subordinate 下属
summer camp 夏令营
advanced 先进
before 先前
fiber 纤维
to lift 掀起
bright 鲜明
casual conversation 闲话
instrument string 弦
virtuous 贤惠
to link up 衔接
to dislike 嫌
suspicion 嫌疑
notable 显著
the scene 现场
ready-made 现成
current situation 现状
trail 线索
constitution 宪法
to frame 陷害
to sink into 陷入
filling 馅儿
village 乡镇
to differ 相差
equal 相等
to complement one another 相辅相成
answering 相应
to inlay 镶嵌
loud and clear 响亮
to respond to 响应
to think up every possible method 想方设法
guide 向导
always 向来
to yearn for 向往
lane 巷
to eliminate 消除
to disinfect 消毒
firefighting 消防
to use up 消耗
negative 消极
to destroy 销毁
cautious and solemn 小心翼翼
portrait 肖像
benefit 效益
an association 协会
to consult with 协商
agreement 协议
to provide assistance 协助
to carry 携带
to write 写作
to leak 泄露
to be discouraged 泄气
crumbs 屑
to refuse politely 谢绝
what one has learned 心得
heart 心灵
attitude 心态
to love dearly 心疼
heart's blood 心血
one's thoughts 心眼儿
hardworking 辛勤
to be gratified 欣慰
flourishing 欣欣向荣
metabolism 新陈代谢
bridegroom 新郎
bride 新娘
novel and original 新颖
salary 薪水
to trust 信赖
faith 信念
to believe in 信仰
distinction 信誉
fishy 腥
criminal 刑事
formation 行列
administration 行政
shape 形态
happy and excited 兴高采烈
thriving 兴隆
to prosper 兴旺
to become exhilarated 兴致勃勃
fortunately 幸好
sex appeal 性感
life 性命
function 性能
temperament 性情
ferocious 凶恶
murderer 凶手
one's bosom 胸怀
chest 胸膛
substantial 雄厚
to recuperate 休养
to restore 修复
to build 修建
to repair 修理
shame 羞耻
to embroider 绣
sense of smell 嗅觉
key information 须知
false 虚假
vanity 虚荣
hypocritical 虚伪
requirement 需求
to allow 许可
preface 序言
heavy drinking 酗酒
to swear an oath 宣誓
to publicize 宣扬
to hang 悬挂
suspense in a movie, play etc 悬念
sheer cliffs and precipitous rock faces 悬崖峭壁
melody 旋律
to rotate 旋转
to select the best 选拔
athlete 选手
to weaken 削弱
educational background 学历
theory 学说
academic degree 学位
to make matters even worse 雪上加霜
blood pressure 血压
to seep in 熏陶
to look for 寻觅
to patrol 巡逻
to cycle 循环
in sequence, step by step 循序渐进
to oppress 压迫
New Year's gift money 压岁钱
to compress 压缩
to constrain or repress emotions 压抑
to press 压榨
to inhibit 压制
deposit 押金
second place 亚军
fireworks 烟花
to submerge 淹没
to postpone 延期
to extend 延伸
to continue 延续
bitter cold 严寒
to strictly prohibit 严禁
grim 严峻
severe 严厉
strict 严密
expression of opinion 言论
rock 岩石
coastal 沿海
blistering hot 炎热
to conceal 掩盖
to screen 掩护
to cover up 掩饰
insight 眼光
signal made with one's eyes 眼色
look in the eyes 眼神
now 眼下
to evolve 演变
lecture 演讲
maneuver 演习
to unfold 演绎
to perform on a musical instrument 演奏
to hate 厌恶
to inspect and accept 验收
to inspect and verify 验证
oxygen 氧气
sample 样品
rumor 谣言
to sway 摇摆
rock 'n' roll 摇滚
to rock 摇晃
remote control 遥控
distant 遥远
to gnash one's teeth 咬牙切齿
otherwise 要不然
main point 要点
to cause sb's death 要命
essential factor 要素
to dazzle 耀眼
barbarous 野蛮
ambition 野心
for a time 一度
propitious wind throughout the journey 一帆风顺
consistent 一贯
one move, two gains 一举两得
top quality 一流
same 一律
obvious at a glance 一目了然
just as in the past 一如既往
not one thread loose 一丝不苟
a period of time in the recent past 一向
again and again 一再
clothes 衣裳
in order 依次
as before 依旧
according to 依据
to rely on sth 依靠
to depend on 依赖
to rely on 依托
instrument 仪器
ceremony 仪式
heritage 遗产
heredity 遗传
to leave behind 遗留
to lose 遗失
to doubt 疑惑
so that 以便
in order to avoid 以免
in the past 以往
down to 以至
to such an extent as to 以致
also 亦
extremely 异常
to keep down 抑制
to anticipate 意料
consciousness 意识
intent 意图
to signify 意味着
intention 意向
will 意志
perseverance 毅力
resolutely 毅然
wing 翼
to conspire 阴谋
sound 音响
to conduct 引导
engine 引擎
to quote 引用
eating and drinking 饮食
to hide 隐蔽
a danger concealed within sth 隐患
to cover up the truth 隐瞒
secrets 隐私
faint 隐约
to print 印刷
to engage in social activities 应酬
at sb's invitation 应邀
wise 英明
heroic 英勇
infant 婴儿
directly 迎面
profit 盈利
fluorescent screen 荧屏
to endorse 拥护
to have 拥有
vulgar 庸俗
eternal 永恒
to dare to 勇于
to emerge in large numbers 涌现
enthusiastically 踊跃
diligent 用功
user 用户
survival of the fittest 优胜劣汰
to have priority 优先
exceptional 优异
superior 优越
sullen 忧郁
similar to 犹如
greasy food 油腻
oil paints 油漆
regular and thorough 有条不紊
young 幼稚
to entice 诱惑
fisherman 渔民
silly 愚蠢
uneducated 愚昧
public opinion 舆论
to increase steadily 与日俱增
to impose 予以
down-filled garment 羽绒服
to forecast 预料
to expect 预期
preliminary competition 预赛
budget 预算
beforehand 预先
to predict 预言
omen 预兆
desire 欲望
fable 寓言
the more 愈
to accuse wrongly 冤枉
head of state 元首
element 元素
Lantern Festival 元宵节
gardens 园林
complainant 原告
principle 原理
first 原始
original 原先
satisfactory 圆满
fountainhead 源泉
to limit to 约束
wife's father, father-in-law 岳父
to be pregnant 孕育
to perform calculations 运算
to move along one's course 运行
to ferment 酝酿
to iron 熨
to contain 蕴藏
acrobatics 杂技
to hybridize 杂交
to smash 砸
how come 咋
disaster 灾难
to cultivate 栽培
to slaughter 宰
to continue the struggle 再接再厉
to care about 在乎
to mind 在意
to save up 攒
for now 暂且
to exclaim in admiration 赞叹
to approve of 赞同
to praise 赞扬
to support 赞助
to sustain 遭受
to suffer a calamity 遭殃
to meet with 遭遇
to defile 糟蹋
to revolt 造反
to shape 造型
rumble 噪音
to blame 责怪
thief 贼
to add 增添
to present as a gift 赠送
to prick 扎
strong 扎实
residue 渣
to blink 眨
to defraud 诈骗
summary 摘要
bond 债券
to bask in the light 沾光
to pay homage 瞻仰
resolute and decisive 斩钉截铁
to show 展示
outlook 展望
to reveal 展现
brand new 崭新
to occupy 占据
to seize 占领
to own 占有
to engage in combat 战斗
strategy 战略
tactics 战术
military campaign 战役
rules 章程
one's elders 长辈
tent 帐篷
obstruction 障碍
to hire 招收
bid inviting and bid offering 招投标
marsh 沼泽
to tend 照料
as usual 照样
to shine 照耀
to look after 照应
to shelter 遮挡
to fold 折
to torment 折磨
to toss from side to side 折腾
to be fascinated 着迷
to put one's hand to it 着手
to give thought 着想
to put emphasis on 着重
literary work 著作
detective 侦探
precious 珍贵
precious and uncommon 珍稀
pearl 珍珠
the truth about sth 真相
sincerity 真挚
to deliberate 斟酌
front 阵地
troop arrangement 阵容
to stir oneself up 振奋
to revitalize 振兴
unperturbed 镇定
cool 镇静
suppression 镇压
to shock 震惊
controversy 争端
to fight over 争夺
to work hard for sth 争气
striving to be first and fearing to be last 争先恐后
to dispute 争议
to conquer 征服
to levy 征收
to struggle 挣扎
to evaporate 蒸发
to tidy up 整顿
reasonable 正当
positive and negative 正负
regular 正规
decent 正经
healthy atmosphere 正气
righteousness 正义
first month of the lunar year 正月
to confirm 证实
credentials 证书
serious 郑重
regime 政权
symptom 症状
to prop up 支撑
to spend 支出
tributary 支流
to dominate 支配
to back 支援
mainstay 支柱
branch 枝
perception 知觉
satisfied with what one has 知足常乐
fat 脂肪
to broadcast live 直播
to work a shift 值班
role 职能
job 职位
duties 职务
colony 殖民地
target 指标
to indicate clearly and with certainty 指定
fingernail 指甲
command 指令
compass 指南针
to instruct 指示
to count on 指望
to find fault with 指责
resolve 志气
to punish 制裁
to work out 制订
to subdue 制服
condition 制约
to put a stop to 制止
law and order 治安
to govern 治理
to express in words or writing 致辞
Dedicate 致力于
to cause 致使
intelligence 智力
intelligent 智能
IQ 智商
to remain in 滞留
to cut short 中断
neutral 中立
central 中央
devoted 忠诚
faithful 忠实
the end 终点
in the end 终究
entire year 终年
lifelong 终身
to terminate 终止
heartfelt 衷心
tumor 肿瘤
seed 种子
race 种族
as everyone knows 众所周知
to overlap 重叠
center of gravity 重心
Double Ninth or Yang Festival 重阳节
prefecture 州
boat 舟
periphery 周边
thorough 周密
anniversary 周年
period 周期
twists and turns 周折
turnover 周转
porridge 粥
day and night 昼夜
wrinkle 皱纹
measure word for plants 株
everyone 诸位
year after year 逐年
to organize 主办
leading 主导
in charge 主管
main stream 主流
sovereignty 主权
theme 主题
to lean on 拄
residence 住宅
assistant 助理
helper 助手
injection 注射
to look attentively at 注视
to annotate 注释
to pay attention to 注重
to station 驻扎
to cast 铸造
to drag 拽
specifically 专程
specialized subject 专科
patent 专利
specific topic 专题
specialty 专长
tiles and bricks 砖瓦
to convey 转达
to transfer ownership 转让
to relocate 转移
shift in the trend of events 转折
solemn 庄严
dignified 庄重
to equip 装备
to load or unload 装卸
spectacular 壮观
magnificence 壮丽
brave 壮烈
to mourn 追悼
to look into 追究
criterion 准则
surpassing 卓越
posture 姿态
capital 资本
property 资产
veteran 资深
to provide financial aid 资助
taste 滋味
to grow unchecked 滋长
letter 字母
to have low self-esteem 自卑
spontaneous 自发
regeneration through one's own effort 自力更生
complacent 自满
independent 自主
bullet 子弹
objective 宗旨
brown 棕色
tracks 踪迹
in short 总而言之
sum 总和
to crisscross 纵横
corridor 走廊
to smuggle and evade tax 走漏
to smuggle 走私
to beat 揍
to rent 租赁
sufficient to 足以
to obstruct 阻碍
to stop 阻拦
to thwart 阻挠
to form 组
father's father 祖父
diamond 钻石
to study meticulously 钻研
lip 嘴唇
sanctity 尊严
to abide by 遵循
to ponder 琢磨
left and right 左右
to practice fraud 作弊
to become invalid 作废
style 作风
to work and rest 作息
motto 座右铭
to act as host 做东
to take charge 做主

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