Third and mixed conditionals · Terceiros e condicionais mistos
Imagining a different past
- The third conditional imagines a past that didn't happen.
- If I had studied, I would have passed. (but I didn't, so I failed)
- It often expresses regret or blame.
If I had left earlier, I would have spent more time waiting at the station.
Imaginando um passado diferente
- O terceiro condicional imagina um passado que não aconteceu.
- If I had studied, I would have passed. (mas eu não estudei, então reprovei)
- Frequentemente expressa arrependimento ou culpa.
Se eu tivesse saído mais cedo, teria pasado mais tempo esperando na estação.
Third conditional
If + past perfect, would have + past participle.- For an unreal past — the opposite of what really happened.
- If they had left earlier, they would have caught the train.
Terceiro condicional
If + past perfect, would have + past participle.- Para um passado irreal — o oposto do que realmente aconteceu.
- If they had left earlier, they would have caught the train.
Complete the third conditional: If I had studied, I ___ the exam. · Complete o terceiro condicional: Se eu tivesse estudado, eu ___ o exame.
Third conditional: If + past perfect, would HAVE + past participle. · Terceiro condicional: If + past perfect, would HAVE + particípio passado.
Complete: If they had left earlier, they would have ___ (catch) the train. · Complete: Se eles tivessem saído mais cedo, teriam ___ (catch) o trem.
would have + past participle: catch → caught. · would have + particípio passado: catch → caught.
Translate into English: 如果我当时学习了,就会通过考试了。 · Traduza para inglês: 如果我当时学习了,就会通过考试了。
Unreal past → third conditional: “If I had studied, I would have passed.” · Passado irreal → terceiro condicional: “If I had studied, I would have passed.”
Mixed conditional
- A past cause with a present result.
If + past perfect, would + base verb.- If I had saved money, I would be rich now. (would, not would have)
Condicional misto
- Uma causa passada com um resultado presente.
If + past perfect, would + base verb.- If I had saved money, I would be rich now. (would, não would have)
Third or mixed? Watch the result · Terceiro ou misto? Observe o resultado
Both start with 'if + past perfect' — the RESULT clause decides: past result → third, present result → mixed. · Ambos começam com 'if + past perfect' — a cláusula de RESULTADO decide: resultado passado → terceiro, resultado presente → misto.
Mixed (past cause → present result): “If I had saved money, I would be rich now.” Correct? · Misto (causa passada → resultado presente): “If I had saved money, I would be rich now.” Correto?
Yes — past perfect in the if-clause, “would + base verb” for the present result. · Sim — past perfect na cláusula if, “would + verbo base” para o resultado presente.
All conditionals at a glance
- Zero / first: real (present + will).
- Second: unreal present (past + would).
- Third: unreal past (past perfect + would have).
Todos os condicionais em resumo
- Zero / primeiro: real (presente + will).
- Segundo: irreal presente (passado + would).
- Terceiro: irreal passado (past perfect + would have).
Common mistakes
- ❌ If I would have known, I would have come. → ✓ If I had known… — no would in the if-clause.
- ❌ If I had studied, I would pass yesterday. → ✓ …I would have passed. — a past result needs would have.
- Decode I'd: + past participle = had; + have + participle = would.
Erros comuns
- ❌ If I would have known, I would have come. → ✓ If I had known… — sem would na oração com if.
- ❌ If I had studied, I would pass yesterday. → ✓ …I would have passed. — um resultado passado precisa de would have.
- Decodifique I'd: + past participle = had; + have + participle = would.
Match each if-clause to its result. · Combine cada cláusula if com seu resultado.
Past cause → present result = mixed; past cause → past result = third; unreal now = second. · Causa passada → resultado presente = misto; causa passada → resultado passado = terceiro; irreal agora = segundo.
If she ___ the bus, she would have been on time. · Se ela ___ o ônibus, ela estaria a tempo.
Third conditional: If + past perfect, would have + participle. · Terceiro condicional: If + past perfect, would have + particípio.
- Third conditional (unreal past): If + past perfect, would have + p.p.
- Mixed (past cause → present result): If + past perfect, would + base verb.
- The if-clause's tense tells you which conditional it is.
- Terceiro condicional (passado irreal): If + past perfect, would have + p.p.
- Misto (causa passada → resultado presente): If + past perfect, would + verbo na forma base.
- O tempo da oração com if diz qual condicional é.
Think of a past regret. Write one third-conditional sentence (If + past perfect, would have + past participle). · Pense em um arrependimento passado. Escreva uma frase no terceiro condicional (If + past perfect, would have + past participle).
Example: “If I had woken up earlier, I wouldn't have missed the bus.” · Exemplo: “If I had woken up earlier, I wouldn't have missed the bus.”