Supply · 供给
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| law of supply/lɔː ɒv səˈplaɪ/ | 供给定律 | gōng jǐ dìng lǜ |
| supply/səˈplaɪ/ | 供给 | gōng jǐ |
| quantity supplied/ˈkwɒntɪti səˈplaɪd/ | 供给量 | gōng jǐ liàng |
| technology/tekˈnɒlədʒi/ | 技术 | jì shù |
| tax/tæks/ | 税收 | shuì shōu |
| subsidy/ˈsʌbsɪdi/ | 补贴 | bǔ tiē |
Why higher prices bring more goods
- When the price of a crop doubles, farmers rush to plant more of it. Higher prices reward sellers.
- That is the law of supply 供给定律, the mirror image of demand.
为什么更高的价格带来更多物品
- 当一种作物的价格翻倍时,农民急着种植更多。更高的价格奖励卖方。
- 那是供给定律(law of supply),需求的镜像。
The law of supply states that, other things equal, as price rises: · 供给定律陈述,其他条件相同,随着价格上升:
Higher price, more supplied — the curve slopes up. · 更高的价格,供给更多——曲线向上倾斜。
The law of supply 供给
- Supply = the quantity sellers are willing and able to produce at each price.
- Law of supply: as price rises, quantity supplied 供给量 rises — other things equal.
The supply curve slopes up — higher price, more produced.
供给定律
- 供给(supply)= 卖方在每个价格愿意且有能力生产的数量。
- 供给定律:随着价格上升,供给量上升——其他条件相同。
供给曲线向上倾斜——更高的价格,生产更多。
Demand & supply · 需求与供给
Supply · 供给 slopes up — dearer means more made. · 供给向上倾斜——更贵意味着制造得更多。
The supply curve slopes ______ because higher prices reward sellers. · 供给曲线向______倾斜,因为更高的价格奖励卖方。
Higher price → more supplied → upward slope. · 更高的价格 → 供给更多 → 向上倾斜。
Movement along the curve
- A change in the good's own price moves you along the supply curve.
- A price rise → an extension of supply; a price fall → a contraction.
沿曲线的移动
- 物品自身价格的一个变化使你沿供给曲线移动。
- 一次价格上升 → 供给的一次扩张;一次价格下降 → 一次收缩。
A new tax on producing a good will: · 对生产一个物品的一项新税将:
A tax raises costs, so less is supplied at each price — a left shift. · 一项税提高成本,所以在每个价格供给更少——一次左移。
A government subsidy to producers shifts the supply curve to the right. · 给生产者的一项政府补贴使供给曲线向右移动。
A subsidy lowers costs, so more is supplied at each price. · 一项补贴降低成本,所以在每个价格供给更多。
Which shift the supply curve? (Select all that apply.) · 哪些使供给曲线移动?(选择所有适用的。)
Costs, technology and weather shift supply; own price moves you along it. · 成本、技术和天气使供给移动;自身价格使你沿它移动。
Shifts in supply
- Non-price factors shift the whole curve: costs of production, technology 技术, taxes 税收 and subsidies, weather, number of firms.
- Lower costs or a subsidy 补贴 → right shift (more supplied); higher costs or a tax → left shift.
A tax shifts supply left; a subsidy shifts it right. A per-unit tax raises sellers' costs, so they supply less at each price. A subsidy does the opposite.
供给的移动
- 非价格因素使整条曲线移动:生产成本、技术、税收和补贴、天气、企业数量。
- 更低的成本或一项补贴 → 右移(供给更多);更高的成本或一项税 → 左移。
一项税使供给左移;一项补贴使它右移。 一项单位税提高卖方的成本,所以他们在每个价格供给更少。一项补贴做相反的事。
You've got it
- supply = willing and able to produce at each price
- law of supply: price up → quantity supplied up (curve slopes up)
- costs, technology, taxes/subsidies and weather shift the curve
你掌握了
- 供给 = 在每个价格愿意且有能力生产
- 供给定律:价格上升 → 供给量上升(曲线向上倾斜)
- 成本、技术、税收/补贴和天气移动曲线