Delivering the presentation · 把展示讲好
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| questions/ˈkwestʃnz/ | 提问 | tí wèn |
| signposting/ˈsaɪnpəʊstɪŋ/ | 提示语 | tí shì yǔ |
| eye contact/aɪ ˈkɒntækt/ | 眼神交流 | yǎn shén jiāo liú |
A five-minute talk takes six minutes in rehearsal
- Your timed rehearsal reveals a problem while you can still fix it. Do not rely on speaking faster on the day.
- Protect the main claim and its evidence. Shorten repetition or optional detail, and check whether the brief includes time for questions.
五分钟演讲在排练中需占用六分钟
- 限时排练能提前暴露问题，此时你仍可修正。不要寄希望于考试当天语速加快来弥补时间不足。
- 保护核心主张及其证据。缩短重复部分或可选细节，并检查题目要求是否包含问答环节的时间。
Your five-minute rehearsal is 90 seconds too long. What should you try first? · 你的五分钟排练比规定时间多出了90秒。你首先应该尝试什么？
Protect the main claim and evidence while removing material that does not serve them. · 保护主要观点和证据，同时删除与其无关的内容。
Rehearse in a way that fits you
- Practise aloud with the slides, transitions and any demonstration. Stand or sit as appropriate; use the same access arrangements you will use on the day.
- Time each section. For a five-minute talk, one possible plan is 30 seconds opening, 180 seconds evidence, 60 seconds interpretation and 30 seconds conclusion.
选择适合你的排练方式
- 配合幻灯片、过渡语及任何演示进行口头练习。根据情况站立或就座；使用与考试当天相同的辅助安排。
- 对每个部分计时。对于五分钟演讲，一种可行的计划是：30 秒开场，180 秒呈现证据，60 秒解读分析，30 秒总结结论。
The opening, evidence and interpretation take 30, 180 and 60 seconds. How many seconds remain in a 300-second talk? · 开场白、证据和解读分别耗时30、180和60秒。在一段300秒的演讲中，还剩下多少秒？
300 − (30 + 180 + 60) = 30 seconds for the conclusion in this example plan. · 在此示例计划中，300 − (30 + 180 + 60) = 30秒用于结论部分。
Give listeners a route through the talk
- Signposting 提示语 tells listeners where they are: “First, our method”; “Now, the result”; “Finally, the limitation”. Pause at transitions.
- Define an unfamiliar term, then connect it to an example. Speak clearly at a pace your audience can follow and test this with a listener.
为听众提供清晰的演讲脉络
- 提示语 帮助听众了解当前进度：“首先，我们的方法”、“接下来，结果”、“最后，局限性”。在过渡处适当停顿。
- 先定义一个生僻术语，再将其与具体例子联系起来。以听众能够跟上的清晰语速讲话，并请一位听众测试你的表达效果。
Which help listeners follow a transition? Select all that apply. · 哪些做法有助于听众跟上过渡环节？请选择所有适用项。
Structure and pauses offer a way to follow or rejoin. Faster speech may make confusion worse. · 结构和停顿为跟随或重新加入提供了途径。加快速度可能会使困惑加剧。
Describe the evidence aloud
- Say the main finding and important labels: “The vertical axis counts students; the bus bar is 18.” Do not assume everybody can read the screen.
- Reading a key quotation or number aloud may help. Avoid reading every bullet without explanation; provide a transcript or notes when needed.
Slide: “18 of 30 used the bus.” Spoken explanation: “That is 60% of our respondents. We asked one class, so the result does not represent every student in the city.”
口头描述证据内容
- 说出主要发现及重要标签：“纵轴统计的是学生人数；该柱状条对应18。”不要假设所有人都能看清屏幕。
- 口头朗读关键引语或数字可能有所帮助。避免逐字念读所有要点而不加解释；必要时提供文字稿或笔记。
幻灯片：“18名30名学生乘坐公交车。”口头解说：“这占我们受访者的60%。由于仅调查了一个班级，因此结果不能代表全市所有学生。”
You should never read a key quotation or chart value aloud. · 切勿大声朗读关键引文或图表数值。
Speaking key text can improve access. Explain its meaning rather than reading every slide word without context. · 口述关键文本可提升信息获取效率。应解释其含义，而非脱离语境逐字朗读每张幻灯片内容。
Answer the question you can support
- Listen to the questions 提问, clarify if needed, and answer using your evidence. If the data is missing, say exactly what was not measured.
- Eye contact 眼神交流 can help some audiences, but is not a requirement for every speaker. Face the audience when possible, use a clear microphone and offer a realistic follow-up.
“We did not measure ticket cost” is an honest answer. Do not invent a number or promise a follow-up you cannot deliver. Presentation advice does not guarantee a particular assessment mark.
回答你能用证据支撑的问题
- 倾听提问，如有必要请澄清，然后依据你的证据作答。若数据缺失，应明确指出未测量的具体内容。
- 眼神交流 对部分听众有帮助，但并非每位演讲者都必须做到。尽可能面向观众，使用清晰的麦克风，并提供切实可行的后续回应。
“我们没有测量票价”是一个诚实的回答。切勿编造数据或做出无法兑现的承诺。演示建议并不保证获得特定的评分等级。
Your survey did not measure ticket cost. How should you answer a cost question? · 您的调查未测量票价成本。面对涉及费用的问题时，应如何作答？
State the evidence gap. A next step is helpful when feasible, but never replace missing data with a guess. · 指出证据缺失之处。若条件允许，可提出后续步骤，但绝不可用猜测替代缺失数据。
Answer “Did bus users spend less?” when your survey recorded journey methods but not costs. · 在调查仅记录出行方式而未记录费用的情况下，回答“公交用户花费更少吗？”
Example: “We recorded travel methods, not spending, so our survey cannot answer that; we would need cost data.” · 示例：“我们仅记录了出行方式，未记录消费情况，因此本调查无法回答此问题；我们需要费用数据。”
Use feedback to change one thing
- Ask a listener what they understood, where they lost the thread and whether the evidence supported your claim. Adjust one problem, then rehearse again.
- Record a short practice talk if you have permission. Check time, a clear transition, an audible explanation of the visual and one evidence-based question response.
Rehearse → time → get feedback → revise. Explain visual evidence aloud and distinguish what you know from what you did not measure.
Further guidance: W3C accessible presentations.
利用反馈修改一个环节
- 询问听众理解了什么、在哪里跟丢了思路，以及证据是否支持你的论点。针对一个问题进行调整，然后重新排练。
- 在获得许可的情况下录制一段简短的练习讲解。检查时长、清晰的过渡、对视觉内容的清晰解说以及对基于证据问题的回答。
排练 → 计时 → 获取反馈 → 修订。大声解释视觉证据，并区分已知内容与未测量内容。
进一步指导：W3C 无障碍演示。
Match the rehearsal problem to a useful next revision. · 将排练中遇到的问题与有效的后续复习措施相匹配。
Use the observed problem to choose a change. No single technique fixes all delivery problems. · 根据观察到的问题选择改进方案。没有任何单一技巧能解决所有表达问题。
A partner remembers “60% of all city students use buses.” Your sample was one class. What should you revise? · 同伴记住了“60%的城市学生乘坐公交车”。而您的样本仅为一个班级。您应进行哪些修正？
The partner has overgeneralised. Explain that 18 of 30 describes your respondents, not the entire city. · 同伴过度概括了结论。请解释：18的30仅指代受访者，并非整个城市的人口。