A National Culture, and Regional Ones · 国家文化与地区文化
New forms, alongside old variations
- New forms of national culture developed in the United States alongside continued regional variations.
- Alongside is the whole claim: the national and the regional are simultaneous, not sequential.
- So the answer is never "a national culture replaced regional ones" — the CED says they coexisted.
新的形式,与旧的差异并存
- 新的民族文化形式在美国发展起来,与持续存在的地区差异并存。
- 并存就是整项主张:民族的与地区的是同时的,不是先后的。
- 因此答案绝不是"一种民族文化取代了各种地方文化"——CED 说的是它们共存。
'Alongside continued regional variations' means the two were... · ‘Alongside continued regional variations（伴随着持续的地区差异）’意味着两者是...
Not "a national culture replaced regional ones". · 并非‘一种国家文化取代了地区文化’。
Where identity found expression
- Ideas about national identity increasingly found expression in works of art, literature, and architecture.
- Three media named, and the verb is found expression — the identity existed and needed a form.
- Increasingly marks a trend, so a before-and-after is available: less of this in 1754, more by 1800.
身份认同在何处得到表达
- 关于民族身份的观念,越来越多地在艺术、文学与建筑作品中得到表达。
- 点出了三种媒介,而动词是得到表达——这种身份已经存在,需要一种形式。
- 越来越多地标示出一种趋势,因此可以作前后对比:1754 年较少,到 1800 年更多。
Select all · 所有 three media the CED names. · 选择CED提到的所有三个媒介。
Where ideas about national identity found expression. · 国家认同观念找到表达的地方。
Why regional variation persisted
- 2.8's regions had different labour systems, economies, settlement patterns and forms of government.
- None of those was abolished by independence, so the differences they produced continued.
- 3.12 will show one of them — attitudes toward slavery — beginning to become distinctive and regional.
地区差异为何持续存在
- 2.8 中的各区域有着不同的劳动制度、经济、定居模式与政府形式。
- 其中没有一项被独立所废除,因此它们所产生的差异延续了下来。
- 3.12 将显示其中之一——对奴隶制的态度——开始变得各具特色并带有地区性。
A national form, a regional continuity, or the evidence? · 一种国家形式、一种地区延续性还是证据？
Sort each element of American culture, 1754-1800. · 对1754-1800年美国文化的每个元素进行排序。
Regional variation persisted because independence abolished none of 2.8's regional differences. · 地区差异持续存在，因为独立没有废除2.8中的任何地区差异。
Labour systems, economies, settlement patterns and forms of government. · 劳动力制度、经济、定居模式和政府形式。
"Alongside" is the whole claim. New national forms developed alongside continued regional variations — simultaneous, not sequential — so an answer saying a national culture replaced regional ones has reversed what the CED wrote.
"并存"就是整项主张。新的民族形式与持续存在的地区差异并存——是同时的,不是先后的——因此说一种民族文化取代了各种地方文化的答案,颠倒了 CED 所写的内容。
'' marks a trend, so a before-and-after is available. · ‘’标志着一个趋势，因此有前后对比。
Less of this in 1754, more by 1800. · 1754年较少，到1800年增多。
Continuity and change, both named
- The objective is the continuities and changes in American culture from 1754 to 1800, and the CED's single sentence supplies both.
- Change: new national forms, expressed in art, literature and architecture.
- Continuity: regional variations, unbroken from the colonial period.
延续与变化,都被点出
- 这一目标是1754 至 1800 年间美国文化的延续与变化,而 CED 的那一句话同时提供了两者。
- 变化:新的民族形式,在艺术、文学与建筑中得到表达。
- 延续:地区差异,自殖民时期以来未曾中断。
A thin subtopic is best treated as... · 薄主题最好被处理为...
Use 3.4, 3.6 and 2.8 as the evidence. · 使用3.4、3.6和2.8作为证据。
Writing a thin subtopic well
- 3.11 has two short bullets, so the material must come from what the unit has already established.
- Use 3.4's ideals, 3.6's republican motherhood, and 2.8's regional differences as the evidence.
- A thin subtopic is an invitation to connect, not a reason to write less.
把一个内容单薄的小节写好
- 3.11 只有两条简短要点,因此材料必须来自本单元已经确立的内容。
- 用 3.4 的理想、3.6 的共和母职,以及 2.8 的地区差异作为证据。
- 一个内容单薄的小节是一次连接的邀请,不是少写的理由。
A country can acquire a shared set of buildings, books and pictures while its two ends still keep different hours, grow different crops and disagree about who may be held in bondage. Both facts are true in the same year.
一个国家可以获得一套共享的建筑、书籍与图画,而它的两端仍然遵循不同的作息、种植不同的作物,并在谁可以被扣押为奴上意见相左。这两个事实在同一年里都为真。
New forms of national culture developed in the United States alongside continued regional variations, and ideas about national identity increasingly found expression in works of art, literature, and architecture. Alongside makes the national and the regional simultaneous — so the change is new national forms, and the continuity is regional variation carried unbroken from the colonial period.
新的民族文化形式在美国发展起来,与持续存在的地区差异并存,而关于民族身份的观念越来越多地在艺术、文学与建筑作品中得到表达。并存使民族的与地区的成为同时的——因此变化是新的民族形式,而延续是自殖民时期未曾中断的地区差异。