The Green Revolution · 绿色革命
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| Green Revolution/ɡriːn ˌrevəˈluːʃn/ | 绿色革命 | lǜ sè gé mìng |
| high-yield varieties/haɪ jiːld vəˈraɪətiz/ | 高产品种 | gāo chǎn pǐn zhǒng |
| biodiversity/ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsɪti/ | 生物多样性 | shēng wù duō yàng xìng |
A revolution in yields
- The Green Revolution 绿色革命 (mid-1900s) hugely raised food output.
- It introduced high-yield varieties (HYVs) 高产品种 of seeds.
- Combined with fertilisers, pesticides, and irrigation, yields soared.
产量的革命
- 绿色革命(Green Revolution,20 世纪中期)大幅提高了粮食产量。
- 它引入了种子的高产品种(high-yield varieties, HYVs)。
- 结合化肥、农药和灌溉,产量猛增。
The Green Revolution mainly raised food output by introducing... · 绿色革命主要通过引入...来提高粮食产量
High-yield varieties, plus fertiliser and irrigation, drove the Green Revolution. · 高产品种，加上化肥和灌溉，推动了绿色革命。
Where it helped
- It helped countries like India and Mexico avoid mass famine.
- More food from the same land seemed to defeat Malthus.
- It fed a fast-growing world population.
它在哪里发挥作用
- 它帮助印度和墨西哥等国避免了大规模饥荒。
- 同样的土地产出更多粮食,似乎击败了马尔萨斯。
- 它养活了快速增长的世界人口。
The Green Revolution helped countries like India avoid mass famine. · 绿色革命帮助印度等国避免了大规模饥荒。
Higher yields fed fast-growing populations and prevented famine. · 更高产量养活了快速增长的人口并防止了饥荒。
The costs
- HYVs need expensive fertiliser, pesticide, and water — costly for poor farmers.
- Chemicals can pollute soil and water; irrigation can deplete rivers.
- It favoured large farms and reduced crop biodiversity 生物多样性.
代价
- 高产品种需要昂贵的化肥、农药和水——对贫穷农民成本高。
- 化学品可污染土壤和水;灌溉可耗尽河流。
- 它偏袒大农场,减少了作物生物多样性(biodiversity)。
Benefit or cost of the Green Revolution? · 绿色革命的益处或代价？
Sort each outcome as a benefit or a cost of the Green Revolution. · 将每个结果分类为绿色革命的益处或代价。
Chemical and irrigation-heavy farming can reduce crop , leaving fewer varieties. · 依赖化学肥料和灌溉的农业会降低作物，导致品种减少。
The Green Revolution favoured a few high-yield crops, cutting biodiversity. · 绿色革命偏向少数高产作物，削减了生物多样性。
Select all · 所有 costs of the Green Revolution. · 选择所有绿色革命的代价。
Pollution, water depletion, and debt are costs; preventing famine is a benefit. · 污染、水资源枯竭和债务是代价；防止饥荒是益处。
Match each outcome to its side. · 将每个结果与其性质相匹配。
Famine prevention = benefit; pollution = cost; HYVs = the tool. · 防止饥荒 = 益处；污染 = 代价；HYVs（高产品种）= 工具。
The Green Revolution is a double-edged story. It saved millions from famine and brought environmental and social costs — chemical pollution, water depletion, debt for small farmers, and lost biodiversity. On the exam, give both the benefits and the costs.
绿色革命是一把双刃剑。它使数百万人免于饥荒,同时带来环境和社会代价——化学污染、水资源耗竭、小农负债、生物多样性丧失。考试中,要同时给出好处和代价。
In 1960s India, new high-yield wheat and rice, plus fertiliser and irrigation, doubled harvests and prevented famine. But decades later, some regions face depleted groundwater, chemical-damaged soil, and indebted small farmers — the Green Revolution's costs.
在 1960 年代的印度,新的高产小麦和水稻,加上化肥和灌溉,使收成翻倍并防止了饥荒。但几十年后,一些地区面临地下水枯竭、化学品损害的土壤和负债的小农——绿色革命的代价。
The Green Revolution raised yields with high-yield varieties, fertiliser, pesticide, and irrigation, preventing famine and feeding a growing population. But it brought costs: chemical pollution, water depletion, debt for small farmers, and lost biodiversity.
绿色革命用高产品种、化肥、农药和灌溉提高产量,防止了饥荒并养活了增长的人口。但它带来代价:化学污染、水资源耗竭、小农负债和生物多样性丧失。