Ocean Acidification · 海洋酸化
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| ocean acidification/ˈəʊʃn əˌsɪdɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ | 海洋酸化 | hǎi yáng suān huà |
| carbonic acid/kɑːˈbɒnɪk ˈæsɪd/ | 碳酸 | tàn suān |
| pH/piː eɪtʃ/ | 酸碱度 | suān jiǎn dù |
| carbonate/ˈkɑːbəneɪt/ | 碳酸盐 | tàn suān yán |
The other CO2 problem
- We know extra CO2 warms the air.
- But the ocean absorbs a lot of that CO2 too.
- Dissolved in seawater, CO2 turns the ocean more acidic.
- This is ocean acidification 海洋酸化.
另一个CO2问题
- 我们知道额外的CO2使空气变暖。
- 但海洋也吸收很多那种CO2。
- 溶解在海水中,CO2使海洋变得更酸。
- 这是海洋酸化(ocean acidification)。
How the acid forms
- CO2 from the air dissolves into the surface water.
- There it combines with water to form carbonic acid 碳酸.
- This is a weak acid, but there is a lot of it.
- More CO2 in the air means more acid in the sea.
酸如何形成
- 来自空气的CO2溶解进入表层水。
- 在那里它与水结合形成碳酸(carbonic acid)。
- 这是一种弱酸,但它的量很大。
- 空气中更多的CO2意味着海里更多的酸。
Ocean acidification is caused by the ocean absorbing extra… · 海洋酸化由海洋吸收额外的以下物质造成……
The ocean absorbs extra carbon dioxide, which reacts with water to form acid. · 海洋吸收额外的二氧化碳,它与水反应形成酸。
The pH drops
- Acid lowers the water's pH 酸碱度.
- The ocean is still slightly basic, but less than before.
- Even a small pH drop is a big chemical change.
- The surface ocean is now measurably more acidic than a century ago.
pH值下降
- 酸降低水的酸碱度(pH)。
- 海洋仍然略带碱性,但比以前少。
- 即使小的pH下降也是一个大的化学变化。
- 表层海洋现在比一个世纪前明显更酸。
How CO2 acidifies the ocean · CO2如何使海洋酸化
Follow carbon dioxide into the sea, where it forms acid and dissolves shells. · 跟随二氧化碳进入海洋,它在那里形成酸并溶解外壳。
When CO2 dissolves in seawater, it forms… · 当CO2溶于海水时,它形成……
CO2 plus water makes carbonic acid, so more CO2 means a lower (more acidic) ocean pH. · CO2加水制成碳酸,所以更多的CO2意味着更低(更酸)的海洋pH值。
Acidic water makes it hard for animals to build shells out of calcium ____. · 酸性水使动物难以用碳酸____构建外壳。
Shells and coral are made of calcium carbonate, which dissolves more easily in acidic water. · 外壳和珊瑚由碳酸钙构成,它在酸性水中更容易溶解。
Shells and coral struggle
- Many sea animals build shells from calcium carbonate 碳酸盐.
- Acidic water makes carbonate harder to get, and dissolves shells.
- Corals, clams, and tiny plankton are all at risk.
- Since plankton feed the ocean, the whole food web is threatened.
外壳和珊瑚挣扎
- 许多海洋动物用碳酸盐(carbonate)钙构建外壳。
- 酸性水使碳酸盐更难获得,并溶解外壳。
- 珊瑚、蛤和微小的浮游生物都有风险。
- 由于浮游生物喂养海洋,整个食物网受到威胁。
Ocean acidification threatens shellfish, corals, and the tiny plankton at the base of food webs. · 海洋酸化威胁贝类、珊瑚和食物网底部的微小浮游生物。
Anything that builds a calcium carbonate shell is at risk — including plankton that feed the whole ocean. · 任何构建碳酸钙外壳的东西都有风险——包括喂养整个海洋的浮游生物。
Select all · 所有 true statements about ocean acidification. · 选出关于海洋酸化的所有正确说法。
Absorbed CO2 lowers pH and harms shelled life. It makes the ocean more acidic, not more basic. · 吸收的CO2降低pH值并伤害有壳的生命。它使海洋更酸,而非更碱。
Ocean acidification is often called "the other CO2 problem" — a separate crisis from warming, caused by the same gas. The ocean does us a favour by absorbing CO2 (slowing warming), but pays for it by turning acidic. And it hits the base of the food web hardest: the tiny shelled plankton that everything else eats. Two problems, one cause — cutting CO2 solves both.
海洋酸化常被称为"另一个CO2问题"——一个与变暖分开的危机,由同一种气体造成。海洋通过吸收CO2帮了我们一个忙(减缓变暖),但代价是变酸。而它打击食物网的基础最重:一切其他东西吃的微小有壳浮游生物。两个问题,一个原因——削减CO2解决两者。
A clam in a changing sea:
- Extra carbon dioxide dissolves into the water and forms carbonic acid, lowering the pH.
- The clam tries to build its shell from calcium carbonate, but the acidic water keeps dissolving it faster than it can grow.
- Across the reef, corals weaken and plankton shells thin — and every fish that eats them feels it too.
变化的海中的一只蛤:
- 额外的二氧化碳溶解进入水中并形成碳酸,降低酸碱度。
- 蛤试图用碳酸盐钙构建它的外壳,但酸性水不断溶解它,速度快于它能生长。
- 整个珊瑚礁,珊瑚变弱,浮游生物的外壳变薄——而每条吃它们的鱼也感受到了。
Ocean acidification happens when the sea absorbs extra carbon dioxide, which forms carbonic acid and lowers the ocean's pH. The more acidic water makes it hard for corals, shellfish, and plankton to build shells from calcium carbonate. Because plankton are the base of the food web, it threatens ocean life broadly. It shares one cause with warming: CO2.
海洋酸化发生在海洋吸收额外的二氧化碳时,它形成碳酸并降低海洋的酸碱度。更酸的水使珊瑚、贝类和浮游生物难以用碳酸盐钙构建外壳。因为浮游生物是食物网的基础,它广泛威胁海洋生命。它与变暖共享一个原因:CO2。