Human Impacts on Wetlands and Mangroves · 人类对湿地与红树林的影响
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| Wetlands/ˈwetləndz/ | 湿地 | shī dì |
| Mangroves/ˈmæŋɡrəʊvz/ | 红树林 | hóng shù lín |
| filters/ˈfɪltəz/ | 过滤器 | guò lǜ qì |
| drain/dreɪn/ | 排干 | pái gàn |
The most valuable land nobody wants
- Wetlands 湿地 are lands soaked or covered with water.
- Mangroves 红树林 are salt-tolerant forests along tropical coasts.
- For centuries people saw them as useless swamps.
- In truth, they are among the most valuable ecosystems on Earth.
没人想要的最有价值的土地
- 湿地(wetlands)是被水浸透或覆盖的土地。
- 红树林(mangroves)是热带海岸沿线耐盐的森林。
- 几个世纪以来人们把它们看作无用的沼泽。
- 事实上,它们是地球上最有价值的生态系统之一。
What they do for us
- Wetlands act like natural filters 过滤器, cleaning water.
- They soak up floodwater, protecting towns downstream.
- Mangroves shield coasts from storms and rising seas.
- Both are nurseries where young fish shelter and grow.
它们为我们做什么
- 湿地像天然的过滤器(filters),清洁水。
- 它们吸收洪水,保护下游的城镇。
- 红树林保护海岸免受风暴和上升的海面。
- 两者都是幼鱼庇护和成长的育幼场。
A wetland is land that… · 一片湿地是……
A wetland is land soaked or covered with water — marshes, swamps, and bogs. · 一片湿地是被水浸透或覆盖的土地——沼泽、湿地和泥塘。
How we harm them
- We drain 排干 wetlands to make farmland and building sites.
- We fill them in for ports, roads, and housing.
- Mangroves are cleared to make shrimp and fish farms.
- Pollution and runoff poison what is left.
我们如何伤害它们
- 我们排干(drain)湿地来造农田和建筑用地。
- 我们把它们填平来建港口、道路和住房。
- 红树林被清除来做虾场和鱼场。
- 污染和径流毒害剩下的。
A benefit wetlands give, or a harm we do them? · 湿地给予的好处,还是我们对它们的伤害?
Sort each item into a benefit wetlands provide or a way humans damage them. · 把每一项归入湿地提供的好处或人类损害它们的方式。
Mangroves are coastal forests that… · 红树林是沿海森林,它们……
Mangroves guard coasts from storms and are nurseries where young fish shelter. · 红树林保护海岸免受风暴,是幼鱼庇护的育幼场。
Wetlands act as natural , trapping pollutants and cleaning water. · 湿地充当天然的,截留污染物并清洁水。
Wetlands work like natural filters, trapping sediment and pollutants as water passes through. · 湿地像天然的过滤器,在水流过时截留沉积物和污染物。
What we lose
- Draining a wetland removes its flood protection.
- Towns downstream flood more badly without that sponge.
- Cutting mangroves leaves coasts exposed to storms.
- And the fish nurseries vanish, so fisheries collapse.
我们失去什么
- 排干一片湿地去除了它的防洪能力。
- 没有那块海绵,下游的城镇洪水更严重。
- 砍掉红树林让海岸暴露于风暴。
- 而鱼的育幼场消失,所以渔业崩溃。
Draining wetlands can make flooding worse downstream. · 排干湿地能使下游的洪水更严重。
Wetlands soak up floodwater; drain them and that water rushes downstream instead. · 湿地吸收洪水;排干它们,那些水就冲向下游。
Select all · 所有 benefits that wetlands and mangroves provide. · 选出湿地和红树林提供的所有好处。
Wetlands clean water, buffer floods and storms, and shelter young fish. They reduce, not add, pollution. · 湿地清洁水、缓冲洪水和风暴、庇护幼鱼。它们减少而非增加污染。
Wetlands and mangroves are a textbook case of undervalued nature. Their services — water filtering, flood control, storm protection, fish nurseries — are free and invisible, so they get drained for farms or shrimp ponds that earn quick cash. Only after a flood or a fishery collapse does the true value show. Protecting them is far cheaper than the disasters their loss causes.
湿地和红树林是被低估的自然的典型例子。它们的服务——净水、防洪、防风暴、鱼的育幼场——是免费且看不见的,所以它们被排干来做能快速赚钱的农场或虾塘。只有在一场洪水或渔业崩溃之后,真正的价值才显现。保护它们比它们的丧失造成的灾难便宜得多。
A cleared mangrove coast:
- A stretch of mangrove is cut down to build shrimp farms — quick profit.
- Then a big storm hits. Without the mangroves' buffer, the waves surge inland and flood the villages.
- The fish that once bred among the roots are gone too, so local fishing collapses — losses far greater than the shrimp farms ever earned.
一段被清除的红树林海岸:
- 一段红树林被砍掉来建虾场——快速的利润。
- 然后一场大风暴袭来。没有红树林的缓冲,海浪涌向内陆,淹没村庄。
- 曾经在根间繁殖的鱼也没了,所以当地渔业崩溃——损失远大于虾场曾经赚到的。
Wetlands and mangroves provide huge free services — acting as filters for clean water, soaking up floods, protecting coasts from storms, and serving as fish nurseries. Humans harm them by draining wetlands for farmland and clearing mangroves for shrimp farms. Because their value is hidden, they are destroyed cheaply — but their loss causes floods and fishery collapse.
湿地和红树林提供巨大的免费服务——充当净水的过滤器、吸收洪水、保护海岸免受风暴、充当鱼的育幼场。人类通过排干湿地造农田和清除红树林建虾场来伤害它们。因为它们的价值是隐藏的,它们被廉价地摧毁——但它们的丧失造成洪水和渔业崩溃。