Reduction of Air Pollutants · 空气污染物的减少
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| catalytic converter/ˌkætəˈlɪtɪk kənˈvɜːtə/ | 催化转化器 | cuī huà zhuǎn huà qì |
| scrubber/ˈskrʌbə/ | 洗涤器 | xǐ dí qì |
| sulfur dioxide/ˈsʌlfɜː daɪˈɒksaɪd/ | 二氧化硫 | èr yǎng huà liú |
| particulates/pəˈtɪkjʊleɪts/ | 颗粒物 | kē lì wù |
| laws/lɔːz/ | 法律 | fǎ lǜ |
Cleaning up the air
- We can cut air pollution in two big ways.
- Clean the exhaust before it leaves the pipe or stack.
- Or make less pollution in the first place.
- Both are needed to keep the air breathable.
清洁空气
- 我们能用两种大方式削减空气污染。
- 在尾气离开管子或烟囱之前清洁它。
- 或者一开始就制造更少的污染。
- 两者都需要,才能让空气可以呼吸。
Cleaning car exhaust
- A catalytic converter 催化转化器 sits in a car's exhaust.
- It turns harmful gases into less harmful ones.
- Carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides are cut sharply.
- Nearly every modern car has one by law.
清洁汽车尾气
- 一个催化转化器(catalytic converter)装在汽车的排气管里。
- 它把有害气体变成危害较小的。
- 一氧化碳和氮氧化物被大幅削减。
- 按法律,几乎每辆现代汽车都有一个。
A catalytic converter · 催化转化器 on a car… · 汽车上的催化转化器……
A catalytic converter · 催化转化器 turns harmful exhaust gases into less harmful ones before they leave the tailpipe. · 催化转化器在有害的尾气离开排气管前把它们变成危害较小的。
Cleaning smokestacks
- A scrubber 洗涤器 strips sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫 from exhaust.
- Electrostatic filters trap particulates 颗粒物 before they escape.
- These devices sit at the top of power-plant stacks.
- They stop much of the pollution reaching the air.
清洁烟囱
- 一个洗涤器(scrubber)从尾气中除去二氧化硫(sulfur dioxide)。
- 静电过滤器在颗粒物(particulates)逃逸前捕捉它们。
- 这些装置位于电厂烟囱的顶部。
- 它们阻止很多污染到达空气中。
Reduces or worsens air pollution? · 减少还是加重空气污染?
Sort each action by whether it cuts air pollution or adds to it. · 按照每个行为是削减空气污染还是增加它,给它们分类。
A scrubber on a smokestack removes… · 烟囱上的洗涤器去除……
A scrubber sprays or reacts the exhaust to strip out pollutants like sulfur dioxide before release. · 洗涤器喷洒尾气或与之反应,在释放前除去二氧化硫等污染物。
Governments cut pollution by passing ____ that set legal limits on emissions. · 政府通过通过设定排放法定限制的____来削减污染。
Clean-air laws set legal limits, forcing factories and cars to cut their emissions. · 清洁空气法律设定法定限制,迫使工厂和汽车削减它们的排放。
Rules and prevention
- Governments pass laws 法律 that limit emissions.
- Factories and cars must meet legal pollution limits.
- Best of all: burn less fuel in the first place.
- Using less energy and switching to renewables cuts pollution at the source.
规则与预防
- 政府通过限制排放的法律(laws)。
- 工厂和汽车必须达到法定的污染限制。
- 最好的是:一开始就烧更少的燃料。
- 使用更少的能量并转向可再生能源在源头削减污染。
Using less energy and switching to renewables cuts pollution at its source. · 使用更少的能量并转向可再生能源在源头削减污染。
Burning less fuel is the surest cut — no emissions to clean if they were never made. · 燃烧更少的燃料是最可靠的削减——如果从未产生排放,就没有需要清洁的。
Select all · 所有 ways to reduce air pollution. · 选出所有减少空气污染的方法。
Converters, scrubbers, and renewables all cut pollution. Removing limits would make it worse. · 转化器、洗涤器和可再生能源都削减污染。取消限制会使它更糟。
Two strategies, ranked. End-of-pipe controls (converters, scrubbers, filters) clean the exhaust after it's made — helpful, but you still burn the fuel. Prevention (efficiency, renewables, less driving) stops the pollution being made at all — the surest cut. Devices treat the symptom; prevention removes the cause.
两种策略,排序。末端控制(转化器、洗涤器、过滤器)在尾气产生之后清洁它——有帮助,但你仍然烧了燃料。预防(效率、可再生能源、少开车)从一开始就阻止污染产生——最可靠的削减。装置治标;预防去除病因。
Two ways to clean a city's air:
- The power plant fits scrubbers and every car gets a catalytic converter — the exhaust is far cleaner, though the coal and petrol still burn.
- Meanwhile the city adds solar power, better insulation, and buses — so less fuel burns at all.
- The first cleans the smoke; the second means there's less smoke to clean.
清洁一座城市空气的两种方式:
- 电厂装上洗涤器,每辆汽车装上催化转化器——尾气干净得多,尽管煤和汽油仍然燃烧。
- 与此同时城市增加太阳能、更好的隔热材料和公交车——所以更少的燃料燃烧。
- 第一种清洁烟雾;第二种意味着有更少的烟雾需要清洁。
Air pollution is cut by cleaning exhaust and by preventing it. Catalytic converters clean car exhaust; scrubbers strip sulfur dioxide and filters catch particulates at smokestacks. Governments set limits through laws. The surest cut is prevention — using less energy and switching to renewables, so the pollution is never made.
空气污染通过清洁尾气和预防它来削减。催化转化器清洁汽车尾气;洗涤器在烟囱处除去二氧化硫,过滤器捕捉颗粒物。政府通过法律设定限制。最可靠的削减是预防——使用更少的能量并转向可再生能源,让污染永不产生。