Acid Rain · 酸雨
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| acid rain/ˈæsɪd reɪn/ | 酸雨 | suān yǔ |
| sulfur dioxide/ˈsʌlfɜː daɪˈɒksaɪd/ | 二氧化硫 | èr yǎng huà liú |
| nitrogen oxides/ˈnaɪtrədʒn ˈɒksaɪdz/ | 氮氧化物 | dàn yǎng huà wù |
When rain turns sour
- Normal rain is slightly acidic, which is fine.
- But pollution can make rain far more acidic.
- This is acid rain 酸雨.
- It harms lakes, forests, and even buildings.
当雨变酸
- 正常的雨略带酸性,这没问题。
- 但污染能让雨酸得多。
- 这是酸雨(acid rain)。
- 它伤害湖泊、森林,甚至建筑。
Where the acid comes from
- Burning coal releases sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫 (SO2).
- Cars and power plants release nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物 (NOx).
- High in the clouds, these gases meet water.
- They react to form sulfuric and nitric acid.
酸从哪里来
- 燃烧煤释放二氧化硫(sulfur dioxide,SO2)。
- 汽车和电厂释放氮氧化物(nitrogen oxides,NOx)。
- 在云层高处,这些气体遇到水。
- 它们反应形成硫酸和硝酸。
Acid rain is caused mainly by… · 酸雨主要由以下造成……
Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with water to form the acids in acid rain. · 二氧化硫和氮氧化物与水反应形成酸雨中的酸。
A secondary pollutant
- No smokestack emits acid rain directly.
- It forms in the air when gases react with water.
- That makes it a secondary pollutant.
- The acid then falls as rain, snow, or fog.
一种二次污染物
- 没有烟囱直接排放酸雨。
- 它在气体与水反应时于空气中形成。
- 这使它成为二次污染物。
- 酸随后以雨、雪或雾的形式落下。
How acid rain forms · 酸雨如何形成
Follow sulfur and nitrogen gases from a smokestack to acid falling on a forest. · 跟随硫和氮的气体从烟囱到落在森林上的酸。
Acid rain is a secondary · 第二产业 (secondary) pollutant because it… · 酸雨是二次污染物,因为它……
No smokestack emits acid rain — it forms in clouds when gases react with water, so it is secondary. · 没有烟囱排放酸雨——它在气体与水反应时于云中形成,所以它是二次的。
Acid rain has a low pH, meaning it is ____ (the opposite of basic). · 酸雨的pH值低,意味着它是____的(碱性的反面)。
A low pH means acidic · 酸性 — acid rain can be far more acidic than normal rain. · 低pH值意味着酸性——酸雨能比正常的雨酸得多。
The damage it does
- Acid rain lowers the pH of lakes, killing fish.
- It weakens trees and strips nutrients from soil.
- It slowly eats away stone buildings and statues.
- Winds can carry the gases far, so the damage crosses borders.
它造成的损害
- 酸雨降低湖泊的pH值,杀死鱼。
- 它削弱树木并从土壤中剥离养分。
- 它慢慢侵蚀石头建筑和雕像。
- 风能把气体带得很远,所以损害跨越边界。
Acid rain can fall far from where the pollution was released, even in another country. · 酸雨能落在远离污染释放处的地方,甚至在另一个国家。
Winds carry the gases across borders, so acid rain often harms places far from the source. · 风把气体带过边界,所以酸雨常常伤害远离源头的地方。
Select all · 所有 damage caused by acid rain. · 选出酸雨造成的所有损害。
Acid rain kills fish, harms forests, and erodes stone. It does not help crops — it harms soil and plants. · 酸雨杀死鱼、伤害森林、侵蚀石头。它不帮助庄稼——它伤害土壤和植物。
Acid rain is a secondary pollutant and a cross-border one. It isn't emitted — it forms in the clouds from sulfur and nitrogen gases reacting with water. And because winds carry those gases hundreds of kilometres, the country that burns the coal often isn't the one that gets the acid rain. That makes it a problem countries must solve together.
酸雨是二次污染物,也是跨境的。它不是被排放的——它在云中由硫和氮的气体与水反应形成。而因为风把那些气体带到数百公里外,燃烧煤的国家往往不是得到酸雨的那个。这使它成为国家必须共同解决的问题。
Downwind of the power plants:
- A country burns coal, sending sulfur dioxide high into the sky.
- Winds carry the gas across the border into a neighbouring country's mountains.
- There it falls as acid rain — killing the fish in clear mountain lakes and browning the forests, far from any smokestack.
在电厂的下风处:
- 一个国家燃烧煤,把二氧化硫送上高空。
- 风把气体带过边界,进入邻国的山区。
- 在那里它以酸雨的形式落下——杀死清澈山湖里的鱼,使森林枯黄,远离任何烟囱。
Acid rain forms when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides (from burning fuels) react with water in clouds to make acids. It is a secondary pollutant — it forms in the air, not at the source. It kills fish, weakens forests, and erodes stone, and winds carry it across borders.
酸雨在二氧化硫和氮氧化物(来自燃烧燃料)与云中的水反应形成酸时产生。它是二次污染物——它在空气中形成,不在源头。它杀死鱼、削弱森林、侵蚀石头,而风把它带过边界。