Impacts of Agricultural Practices · 农业实践的影响
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| tillage/ˈtɪlɪdʒ/ | 耕作 | gēng zuò |
| salinization/ˌseɪlɪnaɪˈzeɪʃn/ | 盐碱化 | yán jiǎn huà |
| fertiliser/ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə/ | 化肥 | huà féi |
Farming's footprint
- Farming feeds the world, but it reshapes the land to do so.
- Ploughing, watering, and fertilising all leave their mark.
- Done carelessly, these practices damage soil and water.
- Understanding the impacts is the first step to farming better.
农业的足迹
- 农业养活世界,但为此重塑土地。
- 犁地、浇水和施肥都留下它们的印记。
- 粗心地进行,这些实践损害土壤和水。
- 理解这些影响是更好地耕作的第一步。
Damaging the soil
- Tillage 耕作 (ploughing) breaks up and bares the soil.
- Bare soil erodes far faster in wind and rain.
- Over-irrigating dry land leaves salt behind — salinization 盐碱化.
- Salty, eroded soil grows fewer and weaker crops.
损害土壤
- 耕作(tillage)(犁地)打碎并使土壤裸露。
- 裸露的土壤在风和雨中侵蚀得快得多。
- 过度灌溉干燥的土地会留下盐——盐碱化(salinization)。
- 咸的、被侵蚀的土壤长出更少、更弱的作物。
How does heavy tillage (ploughing) harm soil? · 大量的耕作(犁地)如何伤害土壤?
Heavy tillage breaks up and bares the soil, letting wind and rain erode it faster. · 大量的耕作打碎并使土壤裸露,让风和雨更快地侵蚀它。
Polluting the water
- Farmers add fertiliser 化肥 to feed their crops.
- Rain washes the excess into rivers and lakes.
- There it feeds algae, causing blooms that starve the water of oxygen.
- Pesticides, too, can run off and poison aquatic life.
污染水
- 农民加化肥(fertiliser)来喂养他们的作物。
- 雨把多余的冲进河流和湖泊。
- 在那里它喂养藻类,造成暴发,使水缺氧。
- 农药也能径流出来,毒害水生生物。
Fertiliser washing off fields into rivers causes… · 化肥从田里冲进河流会造成……
Fertiliser runoff feeds algae, causing blooms that starve the water of oxygen — eutrophication. · 化肥径流喂养藻类,造成暴发,使水缺氧——富营养化。
When over-irrigation leaves salt building up in dry soils, it is called . · 当过度灌溉让盐在干燥土壤里积累时,叫做。
Salinization is salt building up in soil from irrigation, making it too salty for crops. · 盐碱化是灌溉使盐在土壤里积累,让它对作物太咸。
Using up the water
- Irrigation draws huge amounts of water from rivers and underground.
- Pumping groundwater faster than it refills depletes it.
- Wells run dry and rivers shrink.
- So farming can cause water shortage as well as water pollution.
用尽水
- 灌溉从河流和地下抽取大量的水。
- 抽地下水的速度快于它补充的速度会耗尽它。
- 井干涸,河流缩小。
- 所以农业能造成水短缺,也造成水污染。
Match the practice to its impact · 把实践与它的影响配对
Sort each farming practice by the environmental problem it can cause. · 按照每种农业实践可能造成的环境问题,给它们分类。
Farming feeds people but can damage soil and water if done carelessly. · 农业养活人,但如果粗心地进行会损害土壤和水。
Agriculture is essential, yet poor practices erode soil, pollute water, and deplete groundwater. · 农业是必需的,但糟糕的实践侵蚀土壤、污染水、耗尽地下水。
Select all · 所有 true statements about agricultural impacts. · 选出关于农业影响的所有正确说法。
Careless farming can seriously harm the environment. The other three are correct. · 粗心的农业能严重伤害环境。其余三条正确。
Agriculture is essential, but its impacts are real. The goal is not to stop farming but to farm carefully — because poor practices erode soil, pollute water with fertiliser runoff, and drain groundwater. Every farming method is a balance between feeding people and protecting the land.
农业是必需的,但它的影响是真实的。目标不是停止农业,而是小心地耕作——因为糟糕的实践侵蚀土壤、用化肥径流污染水、抽干地下水。每种农业方法都是养活人和保护土地之间的平衡。
Fertiliser to algal bloom:
- A farmer spreads fertiliser to boost the harvest.
- Heavy rain washes the excess nutrients into a nearby lake.
- The nutrients feed an explosion of algae; when the algae die, decomposers use up the oxygen, and fish suffocate — a chain from field to dead fish.
从化肥到藻类暴发:
- 一个农民撒化肥以增产。
- 大雨把多余的养分冲进附近的一个湖。
- 养分喂养藻类的爆发;当藻类死去,分解者用尽氧气,鱼窒息——一条从田到死鱼的链条。
Farming feeds people but can harm the environment. Tillage bares and erodes soil; over-irrigation causes salinization; fertiliser runoff pollutes water and feeds algal blooms; and heavy irrigation depletes groundwater. The aim is to keep the benefits of agriculture while reducing these impacts.
农业养活人,但能伤害环境。耕作使土壤裸露并侵蚀;过度灌溉造成盐碱化;化肥径流污染水、喂养藻类暴发;大量灌溉耗尽地下水。目标是保留农业的好处,同时减少这些影响。