Introduction to Biodiversity · 生物多样性导论
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| biodiversity/ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsɪti/ | 生物多样性 | shēng wù duō yàng xìng |
| genetic diversity/dʒɪˈnetɪk daɪˈvɜːsɪti/ | 遗传多样性 | yí chuán duō yàng xìng |
| species richness/ˈspiːsiːz ˈrɪtʃnəs/ | 物种丰富度 | wù zhǒng fēng fù dù |
| resilient/rɪˈsɪlɪənt/ | 有韧性的 | yǒu rèn xìng de |
The richness of life
- Life on Earth comes in a staggering variety.
- Millions of species, each with its own genes, fill countless habitats.
- This total variety of life is called biodiversity.
- It exists at three connected levels.
生命的丰饶
- 地球上的生命有着惊人的多样。
- 数百万个物种,每个都有它自己的基因,填满了无数的栖息地。
- 这种生命的总多样性叫做生物多样性。
- 它存在于三个相连的层次。
Three levels of biodiversity
- Biodiversity 生物多样性 is the variety of life at every scale.
- Genetic diversity 遗传多样性 is the variety of genes within a species.
- Species diversity is the variety of different species in an area.
- Ecosystem diversity is the variety of habitats and ecosystems across a region.
生物多样性的三个层次
- 生物多样性(biodiversity)是每一个尺度上生命的多样性。
- 遗传多样性(genetic diversity)是一个物种内部基因的多样性。
- 物种多样性是一个区域里不同物种的多样性。
- 生态系统多样性是一个区域里栖息地和生态系统的多样性。
Biodiversity · 生物多样性 is… · 生物多样性是……
Biodiversity · 生物多样性 is the variety of life — genes, species, and ecosystems. · 生物多样性是生命的多样性——基因、物种和生态系统。
Measuring species diversity
- Species richness 物种丰富度 counts how many different species live in an area.
- A rainforest with thousands of species has high richness.
- Diversity also considers how even the species' numbers are.
- More even, more species usually means higher biodiversity.
度量物种多样性
- 物种丰富度(species richness)数一个区域里生活着多少不同的物种。
- 一片有几千个物种的雨林有高的丰富度。
- 多样性也考虑物种的数量有多均匀。
- 越均匀、物种越多,通常意味着越高的生物多样性。
Species richness means… · 物种丰富度意味着……
Species richness simply counts how many different species live in an area. · 物种丰富度只是数一个区域里生活着多少不同的物种。
The variety of genes within a single species is called ____ diversity. · 一个物种内部基因的多样性叫做____多样性。
Genetic diversity is the variety of alleles within a species — the raw material for adapting. · 遗传多样性是一个物种内部等位基因的多样性——适应的原材料。
Why it matters
- Higher biodiversity makes an ecosystem more stable and resilient 有韧性的.
- If one species is lost, others can fill its role.
- Diverse ecosystems supply food, medicine, and clean water.
- And genetic diversity gives species the raw material to adapt.
它为什么重要
- 更高的生物多样性让一个生态系统更稳定、更有韧性(resilience)。
- 如果失去一个物种,其他的能填补它的角色。
- 多样的生态系统提供食物、药物和干净的水。
- 而遗传多样性给物种适应的原材料。
Which level of biodiversity? · 哪个层次的生物多样性?
Sort each example by the level of biodiversity it describes - genes, species, or whole ecosystems. · 按照每个例子描述的生物多样性层次——基因、物种,还是整个生态系统——给它们分类。
Higher biodiversity generally makes an ecosystem more stable and resilient. · 更高的生物多样性通常让一个生态系统更稳定、更有韧性。
With more variety, an ecosystem can better withstand disease, disturbance, and change. · 有更多的多样性,一个生态系统能更好地承受疾病、干扰和变化。
Select all · 所有 true statements about biodiversity. · 选出关于生物多样性的所有正确说法。
Biodiversity is variety, so it is never just one species. The other three are correct. · 生物多样性是多样性,所以它绝不只是一个物种。其余三条正确。
Biodiversity is more than just counting species. Genetic diversity within a species matters too: a crop with little genetic variety can be wiped out by a single new disease, while a genetically diverse population can survive it. Look at all three levels, not just the species count.
生物多样性不只是数物种。一个物种内部的遗传多样性也重要:一种遗传多样性很少的作物可能被一种新疾病消灭,而一个遗传多样的种群能挺过去。看全部三个层次,而不只是物种数量。
Why genetic diversity saved a crop:
- In the 1970s a disease attacked the world's rice, and most varieties were vulnerable.
- Scientists found one wild rice with a rare resistance gene — an example of genetic diversity.
- Breeding that gene in saved the crop. Without that hidden variety, the harvest could have failed.
遗传多样性为什么拯救了一种作物:
- 在 1970 年代,一种疾病袭击了世界的水稻,大多数品种都易感。
- 科学家找到一种带罕见抗性基因的野生稻——遗传多样性的一个例子。
- 把那个基因育种进去拯救了这种作物。没有那份隐藏的多样性,收成可能就失败了。
Biodiversity is the variety of life at three levels: genetic (genes within a species), species (species richness counts them), and ecosystem (variety of habitats). Higher biodiversity makes ecosystems more resilient and supplies food, medicine, and the genes species need to adapt.
生物多样性是三个层次上生命的多样性:遗传(一个物种内部的基因)、物种(物种丰富度数它们)和生态系统(栖息地的多样性)。更高的生物多样性让生态系统更有韧性,并提供食物、药物,以及物种适应所需的基因。