Ecosystem Services · 生态系统服务
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| ecosystem services/ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm ˈsɜːvɪsɪz/ | 生态系统服务 | shēng tài xì tǒng fú wù |
| provisioning/prəˈvɪʒənɪŋ/ | 供给 | gōng jǐ |
| regulating/ˈreɡjʊleɪtɪŋ/ | 调节 | tiáo jié |
Nature's free gifts
- Nature does an enormous amount of work for us, for free.
- It grows our food, cleans our water, and controls our climate.
- These benefits are called ecosystem services.
- We rarely notice them — until they are gone.
大自然免费的礼物
- 大自然免费为我们做了大量的工作。
- 它种出我们的食物、净化我们的水、控制我们的气候。
- 这些好处叫做生态系统服务。
- 我们很少注意到它们——直到它们消失。
Provisioning: products we harvest
- Ecosystem services 生态系统服务 are the benefits people get from nature.
- Provisioning 供给 services are the products we take from ecosystems.
- Food, timber, fresh water, and medicines are all provisioning services.
- These are the services we most obviously depend on.
供给:我们收获的产品
- 生态系统服务(ecosystem services)是人们从大自然获得的好处。
- 供给(provisioning)服务是我们从生态系统取走的产品。
- 食物、木材、淡水和药物都是供给服务。
- 这些是我们最明显依赖的服务。
Ecosystem services are… · 生态系统服务是……
Ecosystem services are the many free benefits — food, clean water, climate control — that nature provides. · 生态系统服务是大自然提供的许多免费好处——食物、干净的水、气候调控。
Regulating: nature keeps things stable
- Regulating 调节 services are ways nature controls conditions for us.
- A wetland filters and purifies water.
- Bees and other insects pollinate our crops.
- Forests store carbon and help regulate the climate.
调节:大自然让事物稳定
- 调节(regulating)服务是大自然为我们控制条件的方式。
- 一片湿地过滤并净化水。
- 蜜蜂和其他昆虫给我们的作物授粉。
- 森林储存碳,帮助调节气候。
Which is a provisioning service? · 哪个是供给服务?
Provisioning services are products we harvest — food, wood, water, medicine. · 供给服务是我们收获的产品——食物、木材、水、药物。
Nature controlling floods, water quality, or climate is a ____ service. · 大自然控制洪水、水质或气候是一种____服务。
Regulating services are ways nature controls conditions — flood control, pollination, climate. · 调节服务是大自然控制条件的方式——防洪、授粉、气候。
Cultural and supporting services
- Cultural services are the enjoyment and meaning we get from nature.
- Hiking, birdwatching, and beautiful landscapes are cultural services.
- Supporting services (like soil formation) make all the others possible.
- Together, these services keep both nature and people healthy.
文化服务与支持服务
- 文化服务是我们从大自然获得的享受和意义。
- 徒步、观鸟和美丽的风景是文化服务。
- 支持服务(比如土壤形成)让所有其他服务成为可能。
- 这些服务加在一起,让大自然和人都保持健康。
Sort the ecosystem services · 给生态系统服务分类
Sort each benefit nature gives us into its type of ecosystem service. · 把大自然给我们的每个好处归入它的生态系统服务类型。
Ecosystem services would be very expensive to replace with technology. · 用技术来替代生态系统服务会非常昂贵。
Nature provides these services for free; replacing them (like pollination) would cost enormous sums. · 大自然免费提供这些服务;替代它们(比如授粉)会花费巨额资金。
Select all · 所有 true statements about ecosystem services. · 选出关于生态系统服务的所有正确说法。
Ecosystem services are enormously valuable, not worthless. The other three are correct. · 生态系统服务极其宝贵,而不是毫无价值。其余三条正确。
Ecosystem services are worth a fortune, even though nature gives them free. If bees stopped pollinating crops, farmers would have to pollinate by hand at staggering cost. Never treat these services as worthless just because no one sends a bill.
生态系统服务价值连城,尽管大自然免费给予它们。如果蜜蜂停止给作物授粉,农民就得以惊人的成本用手授粉。绝不要因为没人开账单就把这些服务当作毫无价值。
A wetland as a water treatment plant:
- A natural wetland soaks up floodwater and filters out pollutants.
- It cleans the water for free, as it flows through.
- Drain the wetland, and a city may have to build an expensive treatment plant to do the same job.
作为水处理厂的一片湿地:
- 一片天然湿地吸收洪水,过滤掉污染物。
- 水流过时,它免费净化水。
- 排干这片湿地,一座城市可能就得建一座昂贵的处理厂来做同样的工作。
Ecosystem services are the benefits people get from nature. Provisioning services are harvested products (food, wood, water); regulating services control conditions (pollination, flood control, climate); cultural services provide enjoyment; and supporting services underpin them all. These free services are hugely valuable.
生态系统服务是人们从大自然获得的好处。供给服务是收获的产品(食物、木材、水);调节服务控制条件(授粉、防洪、气候);文化服务提供享受;而支持服务支撑着所有这些。这些免费的服务极其宝贵。