Neutralisation and titration curves · 中和和滴定曲线
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| titration/taɪˈtreɪʃn/ | 滴定 | dī dìng |
| neutralisation/ˌnjuːtrəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ | 中和 | zhōng hé |
| indicator/ˈɪndɪkeɪtə/ | 指示剂 | zhǐ shì jì |
| salt/sɒlt/ | 盐 | yán |
| end point/end pɔɪnt/ | 终点 | zhōng diǎn |
Following a titration 滴定
- Neutralisation 中和 reacts an acid with an alkali.
- A titration follows the pH as you add one to the other.
- The curve guides which indicator 指示剂 to use.
跟踪一个滴定
- 中和(neutralisation)使一个酸与一个碱反应。
- 一个滴定(titration)在你把一个加到另一个里时跟踪 pH。
- 曲线指导用哪个指示剂(indicator)。
An indicator is used to find the end point of a titration. · 一个指示剂用于找到一个滴定的终点。
It changes colour at neutralisation. · 它在中和时变色。
Neutralisation
- The hydrogen ions from the acid react with the hydroxide ions from the alkali:
- A salt 盐 is also formed, from the rest of the acid and base.
Titration curves have a steep jump near the end point 终点; pick an indicator that changes inside it
中和
- 来自酸的氢离子与来自碱的氢氧根离子反应:
- 还形成一个盐(salt),由酸和碱的其余部分形成。
滴定曲线在终点附近有一个陡峭的跳跃;选一个在其中变化的指示剂
Titration curves · 滴定曲线
pH jumps at the equivalence point · pH 在等当点跃升
Adding base nudges the pH, then it jumps sharply through pH 7 at the equivalence point. · 加入碱轻推 pH,然后它在等当点急剧跳跃穿过 pH 7。
The ionic equation for neutralisation is: · 中和的离子方程是:
Hydrogen ions from the acid combine with hydroxide ions from the alkali to make water (plus a salt). · 来自酸的氢离子与来自碱的氢氧根离子结合制成水(加一个盐)。
The titration curve
- The curve has a steep, almost vertical jump near the end point.
- Its exact shape depends on whether each reactant is strong or weak.
滴定曲线
- 曲线在终点(end point)附近有一个陡峭的、几乎竖直的跳跃。
- 它确切的形状取决于每个反应物是强是弱。
A titration curve has: · 一条滴定曲线有:
Near the end point the pH changes very rapidly, giving a steep jump on the curve. · 在终点附近 pH 变化非常快,在曲线上给出一个陡峭的跳跃。
For a weak acid with a strong base, the indicator should change colour in the: · 对一个弱酸和强碱,指示剂应该在以下哪个范围变色:
The weak-acid/strong-base jump sits at higher pH, so the indicator must change in that range. · 弱酸/强碱跳跃位于更高的 pH,所以指示剂必须在那个范围变化。
Match each titration idea to its meaning. · 把每个滴定概念匹配到它的含义。
Each item links the term to its correct meaning. · 每一项把术语链接到它正确的含义。
Choosing an indicator
- Pick an indicator whose colour change falls inside the steep jump.
- For a weak acid with a strong base, you need one that changes in the higher pH range.
选择一个指示剂
- 选一个颜色变化落在陡峭跳跃内部的指示剂。
- 对一个弱酸和强碱,你需要一个在更高 pH 范围变化的。
A suitable indicator is one whose colour change: · 一个合适的指示剂是这样一个,它的颜色变化:
The indicator must change colour within the steep jump so the end point is shown sharply. · 指示剂必须在陡峭的跳跃内变色,这样终点被清晰地显示。
You've got it
- neutralisation: $\text{H}^{+} + \text{OH}^{-} \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O}$, also forming a salt
- a titration curve has a steep pH jump at the end point (shape depends on strong/weak)
- choose an indicator that changes colour inside the jump (higher pH for weak acid + strong base)
你掌握了
- 中和:$\text{H}^{+} + \text{OH}^{-} \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O}$,还形成一个盐
- 一条滴定曲线在终点有一个陡峭的 pH 跳跃(形状取决于强/弱)
- 选一个在跳跃内部变色的指示剂(弱酸 + 强碱用更高 pH)