Strong and weak acids and bases · 强酸碱和弱酸碱
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| concentration/ˌkɒnsənˈtreɪʃn/ | 浓度 | nóng dù |
| dissociated/dɪˈsəʊsɪeɪtɪd/ | 解离 | jiě lí |
| strong acid/strɒŋ ˈæsɪd/ | 强酸 | qiáng suān |
| weak acid/wiːk ˈæsɪd/ | 弱酸 | ruò suān |
| conductivity/kɒndəkˈtɪvɪti/ | 电导率 | diàn dǎo lǜ |
How fully does it split?
- "Strong" and "weak" are about how fully an acid splits up in water.
- This is not the same as concentration 浓度.
- The pH scale measures how acidic a solution is.
它分裂得多彻底?
- "强"和"弱"是关于一个酸在水中分裂得多彻底。
- 这与浓度不相同。
- pH 标度测量一个溶液有多酸。
"Strong" versus "weak" describes: · "强"对比"弱"描述:
Strength is about the degree of dissociation; concentration is a separate idea. · 强度是关于解离的程度;浓度是一个单独的概念。
A weak acid only partially ionises in water. · 一个弱酸在水中只部分电离。
A strong acid fully ionises. · 一个强酸完全电离。
Fully vs partly dissociated 解离
- a strong acid 强酸/base is fully dissociated in water (almost every molecule splits into ions).
- a weak acid 弱酸/base is only partly dissociated (most molecules stay whole).
A strong acid is fully dissociated; a weak acid is only partly dissociated
完全对比部分解离
- 一个强酸/碱在水中完全解离(几乎每个分子都分裂成离子)。
- 一个弱酸/碱只部分解离(大多数分子保持完整)。
一个强酸完全解离;一个弱酸只部分解离
Strong vs weak acids · 强酸与弱酸
A strong acid fully ionises (low pH); a weak acid only partly ionises, so at the same concentration its pH is higher. Slide to compare. · 强酸完全电离(pH 低);弱酸只部分电离,所以在相同浓度下它的 pH 更高。滑动来比较。
A strong acid is one that is: · 一个强酸是这样一个酸,它:
A strong acid splits up almost completely into ions; a weak acid only partly dissociates. · 一个强酸几乎完全分裂成离子;一个弱酸只部分解离。
pH and telling them apart
- The pH scale: pure water is 7, acids below 7, alkalis above 7.
- A strong acid has a lower pH than a weak acid of the same concentration.
- Tell them apart by: faster fizzing with a reactive metal, lower pH, and better conductivity 电导率 (more ions).
pH 和区分它们
- pH 标度:纯水是 7,酸低于 7,碱高于 7。
- 一个强酸比相同浓度的一个弱酸有更低的 pH。
- 通过以下区分它们:与一个活泼金属更快的冒泡、更低的 pH,以及更好的电导率(更多离子)。
On the pH scale: · 在 pH 标度上:
Pure water is 7; acids are below 7 and alkalis above 7. · 纯水是 7;酸在 7 以下,碱在 7 以上。
A strong acid conducts electricity better than a weak acid of the same concentration because it: · 一个强酸比相同浓度的一个弱酸更好地导电,因为它:
Full dissociation gives more ions, so a strong acid conducts better and fizzes faster with metals. · 完全解离给出更多离子,所以一个强酸导电更好,与金属冒泡更快。
Match each term to its meaning. · 把每个术语匹配到它的含义。
Each item links the term to its correct meaning. · 每一项把术语链接到它正确的含义。
Strong is not concentrated
- Strong/weak describes how fully an acid ionises; concentrated/dilute describes how much is dissolved.
- A weak acid can be concentrated, and a strong acid dilute.
强不是浓
- 强/弱描述一个酸电离得多彻底;浓/稀描述溶解了多少。
- 一个弱酸可以是浓的,一个强酸可以是稀的。
You've got it
- strong = fully dissociated; weak = partly dissociated (this is about dissociation, not concentration)
- pH: 7 neutral, <7 acid, >7 alkali; a strong acid has a lower pH than a weak one (same concentration)
- distinguish by metal fizz, pH, and conductivity (strong acid = more ions → conducts better)
你掌握了
- 强 = 完全解离;弱 = 部分解离(这是关于解离,不是浓度)
- pH:7 中性,<7 酸,>7 碱;一个强酸比一个弱酸有更低的 pH(相同浓度)
- 通过金属冒泡、pH 和电导率区分(强酸 = 更多离子 → 导电更好)