R.5-6 · Preliminary reading: lexical and open cloze

剑桥英语 A2 Key 与 B1 Preliminary（KET、PET） · Cambridge English · B1 Preliminary（PET） · 知识点 3

3.1

What this topic covers

Reading Parts 5 and 6 are the clozes 完形填空 at B1: Part 5, six gaps with four options each (vocabulary and collocation); Part 6, six gaps with no options (grammar words).

Part 5 is the A2 shelf with a fourth option and meaner choices: the four words are often near-synonyms 近义词, and only one collocates 搭配.
Part 6 is the open cloze: articles, prepositions, pronouns, auxiliaries, linkers — the small words, one per gap.
Memory hook: Part 5 is a chess opening 国际象棋开局 — many moves look natural, one is right. Part 6 is still the kitchen: cook the word yourself.

词汇训练

English	中文	拼音
clozes	完形填空	wán xíng tián kòng
near-synonyms	近义词	jìn yì cí
collocates	搭配	dā pèi
chess opening	国际象棋开局	guó jì xiàng qí kāi jú

3.2

Part 5: the near-synonym minefield

Four options that all mean almost the same thing: say / tell / speak / talk.

Collocation decides. She ___ me a story. → told (tell a story). say takes the words, speak takes languages, talk takes about.
Check the preposition after the verb: listen to, depend on, good at. The gap often owns its neighbour.
⚠ Meaning alone is not enough. All four options "fit" the meaning; the grammar of the company they keep decides. The sentence is a party; the wrong word doesn't know anyone.

3.3

Part 6: the open cloze, B1 edition

Same kitchen as A2 Part 5, with a bigger menu: the grammar words now include the B1 machinery.

The gap's job	The B1 answers
articles / prepositions	a, an, the / in, on, at, by, for, with
pronouns / relatives	it, they, who, which, that, where
auxiliaries and modals	is, are, was, has, had, would, could
linkers	but, so, because, although, if, when
fixed phrases 固定短语	there is/are, as soon as, used to

The relative pronouns join the menu: the shop ___ I bought it → where. B1's grammar pays its rent here.
⚠ One word per gap, spelled right, capital letter when the gap opens a sentence. The A2 rules never retired.

词汇训练

English	中文	拼音
fixed phrases	固定短语	gù dìng duǎn yǔ

3.4

Watch out: traps for Chinese speakers

⚠ The four-option friendliness is fake. At A2, two options were obviously wrong. At B1, all four look friendly. Slow down and check collocation.
⚠ Chinese verb-noun pairs don't map. 做作业 is do homework, 犯错误 is make a mistake — the pair must be learned as a pair. The cloze is where unlearned pairs come to collect their debt.
⚠ Read the sentence after the gap too. The answer often hides in the next line, especially prepositions: "she insisted ___ going" — the gap and its after-word decide together.
⚠ Don't leave the have/has/had chain broken. "I ___ never seen snow" → have. The perfect needs its helper; the gap is often exactly that helper.

词汇训练

English	中文	拼音
do homework (zuò zuòyè)	做作业	zuò zuò yè
make a mistake (fàn cuòwù)	犯错误	fàn cuò wù

3.5

Try it

Part 5 style: "We ___ a lot of photos during the trip." A) made B) took C) did D) got → took (take photos).

Part 6 style: "The film ___ we watched last night was amazing. I had never seen anything like it." → that/which. The relative clause from B1 topic 9, collecting marks.

3.6

自我检测

Answer first, then read the explanation.

She ___ me a story. — told. tell a story; the collocation decides.
listen ___ music — to. The gap often owns its neighbour.
the shop ___ I bought it — where. The relative joins the menu.
I ___ never seen snow. — have. The perfect needs its helper.
fàn cuòwù — make a mistake. Pairs are learned as pairs; the cloze collects debts.