Ao relatar, se o verbo de citação estiver no passado(said / told), o tempo verbal da oração subordinada geralmente recua um passo:
- am / is → was; are → were; do / does → did.
- will → would; can → could; presente perfeito / passado simples → passado perfeito.
Discurso direto:"I will help you," she said.(discurso original)
间接引语:
她She 说said 她she 会would 帮help 我me.
Ela disse que me ajudaria.(will → would, I → she, you → me)
Pessoas e palavras de tempo também mudam: I → he / she, now → then, today → that day, tomorrow → the next day.
Atenção Se o que se relata for uma verdade universal, o tempo verbal pode não recuar:He said the sun rises in the east.
常见错误
- ❌ ~~He said me the truth.~~ / ~~He told that he was busy.~~ → ✓ He told me… / He said (that)… — say não recebe ouvinte, tell deve receber ouvinte, exatamente o oposto.
- ❌ ~~He asked me where did I live.~~ → ✓ He asked me where I lived. — Perguntas relatadas devem voltar à ordem afirmativa, did desaparece.
- ❌ ~~She asked me that I was hungry.~~ → ✓ She asked me if / whether I was hungry. — Perguntas sim/não relatadas usam if / whether, não that.
- ❌ ~~He said he will come tomorrow.~~ → ✓ He said he would come the next day. — Tempo verbal e palavras de tempo devem recuar juntos.