New Borders, New Economies
Introduced| English | Meaning |
|---|---|
| metropoles/ˈmetrəpəʊlz/ | The imperial centres or home countries exercising authority over colonies. |
Withdrawal left lines on a map
- The redrawing of political boundaries after the withdrawal of former colonial authorities led to the creation of new states.
- The CED's examples: Israel, Cambodia, Pakistan.
- So a new state is not only a new government — it is a new boundary, and somebody had to decide where it ran.
Select all the states the CED names as created by redrawn boundaries.
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Egypt appears instead as a state whose government guided economic life.
And moved people
- The redrawing of political boundaries in some cases led to conflict as well as population displacement and/or resettlements, including those related to the Partition of India and the creation of the state of Israel.
- The CED names displacement and resettlement together with conflict, because a border drawn through a mixed population produces all three.
- In some cases is its qualifier — not every new boundary produced mass movement.
Territorial change, development policy and migration require distinct causal explanations
Select all the consequences of redrawing boundaries the CED names.
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A border drawn through a mixed population produces all three.
New states directed their economies
- In newly independent states after World War II, governments often took on a strong role in guiding economic life to promote development.
- The CED names Nasser in Egypt, Indira Gandhi in India, Julius Nyerere in Tanzania, and Sirimavo Bandaranaike in Sri Lanka.
- This is 5.6's state-sponsored industrialisation, arriving as the normal choice rather than the exception.
Follow what a new state inherited
Independence is where the examinable problem starts, not where it ends.
Select all the leaders the CED names for guiding economic life.
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Muhammad Ali is 5.6's nineteenth-century example; Bandaranaike completes this list.
Political independence did not end economic ties. The CED says migration to imperial metropoles 宗主国 maintained cultural and economic ties between the colony and the metropole even after the dissolution of empires — which is why the second objective asks for continuities as well as changes.
Migration to imperial ____ maintained ties after the empires dissolved.
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South Asians to Britain, Algerians to France, Filipinos to the United States.
Ties survived the empires
- The migration of former colonial subjects to imperial metropoles, usually in the major cities, maintained cultural and economic ties between the colony and the metropole even after the dissolution of empires.
- The CED names South Asians to Britain, Algerians to France, Filipinos to the United States.
- So decolonisation ended a political relationship while a demographic and economic one continued.
Political independence ended the economic relationship with the former metropole.
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The CED says ties were maintained even after the dissolution of empires.
Changes and continuities
- The second objective is the economic changes and continuities resulting from the process of decolonisation.
- Change: governments directing development, new currencies, new trade policies.
- Continuity: the same commodity exports, the same partners, and migration reinforcing the old metropole link.
A state becomes independent, adopts its own currency and plans its own industry — and its largest export market, its main source of machinery and the city where a million of its citizens now live are all in the country it just left. The political change is complete and the economic geography is not.
Redrawn boundaries after colonial withdrawal created new states — Israel, Cambodia, Pakistan — and in some cases led to conflict, population displacement and resettlement, including the Partition of India and the creation of Israel. Newly independent governments often took a strong role in guiding economic life — Nasser, Indira Gandhi, Nyerere, Bandaranaike. Migration to imperial metropoles maintained ties after the empires dissolved.
Write from partition in 1947
- British India was divided into two states.
- Millions of people crossed the new border.
What did withdrawal do to land and people?
The new border relocated people as well as sovereignty.
What did the 1947 partition do to people?
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The line on the map forced a huge migration.