Agricultural Production Regions
Introduced| English | Meaning |
|---|---|
| shifting cultivation/ˈʃɪftɪŋ ˌkʌltɪˈveɪʃn/ | A farming system in which a plot is cultivated for a period and then left fallow while cultivation moves to another plot. |
| plantation agriculture/plænˈteɪʃn ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə/ | Large-estate commercial farming specialising in one or a few crops, often for export and historically associated with colonial labour systems. |
| pastoral nomadism/ˈpæstərəl ˈnəʊmeɪdɪzəm/ | A livelihood based mainly on herding livestock and moving between grazing areas rather than remaining in one permanent farming settlement. |
Climate shapes farming
- What farmers grow depends on climate and level of development.
- Tropical, dry, and temperate regions each favour different agriculture.
- Rich and poor regions farm the same climate very differently.
Tropical and dry farming
- Shifting cultivation 迁移农业 (slash-and-burn) clears and farms a patch, then moves on.
- Plantation agriculture 种植园农业 grows one cash crop (coffee, cocoa) for export.
- Pastoral nomadism 游牧 herds animals across dry lands.
Tea rows illustrate a plantation landscape; ownership, export destination and profit need records
Which agricultural type?
Sort each example by its agricultural type.
Growing a single cash crop like coffee or cocoa for export is called ____ agriculture.
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Plantation agriculture grows one export cash crop.
Climate sets the options, but a region's development decides how it farms.
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Two places with the same climate can farm very differently by development.
Herding animals across dry lands, moving to find pasture, is pastoral ____.
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Pastoral nomadism suits dry regions where crops cannot grow.
Select all farming types common in developed regions.
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Mixed, dairy, and commercial grain are developed-world; shifting cultivation is subsistence.
Match each type to its region.
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Shifting = tropical; nomadism = dry; dairying = developed.
Developed-world farming
- Developed regions have mixed crop and livestock farming, dairying, and grain.
- Commercial grain farming covers vast areas with machines.
- Mediterranean agriculture grows fruit, olives, and wine in warm dry summers.
Climate sets the options, but development decides how a region farms. Two places with the same climate can look completely different — one doing hand-worked subsistence farming, the other machine-run commercial agriculture. Consider both climate and development.
In a tropical rainforest, a poor community may practise shifting cultivation by hand, while nearby a company runs a huge plantation growing coffee for export. Same climate, but development and purpose produce two very different agricultural regions.
Agriculture depends on climate and development. Tropical/dry regions favour shifting cultivation, plantations, and pastoral nomadism; developed regions have mixed farming, dairying, commercial grain, and Mediterranean agriculture. Same climate can be farmed very differently by wealth.
Write from Mediterranean agriculture
- A west-coast region has mild wet winters and dry summers.
- Farmers grow grapes, olives, and some wheat.
What agricultural region type is this?
Mediterranean farming pairs a dry-summer climate with those crops.
What farming type grows grapes and olives in that climate?
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The climate and the crops identify the system.