The Second Agricultural Revolution
Introduced| English | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Second Agricultural Revolution/ˈsekənd ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl ˌrevəˈluːʃn/ | A period of agricultural change involving improved rotations, breeding, tools and farming organisation that increased productivity and supported industrialisation. |
| mechanisation/ˌmekənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ | Replacing or supplementing human or animal labour with machinery in production. |
Farming meets industry
- The Second Agricultural Revolution 第二次农业革命 used the tools of the Industrial Revolution.
- Machines, better transport, and new methods raised output massively.
- It happened alongside industrialisation in the 1700s-1800s.
New tools and methods
- Mechanisation 机械化 replaced hand and animal labour with machines.
- Crop rotation and selective breeding raised yields.
- Railways and canals moved food to growing cities.
Which agricultural revolution?
Sort each feature by which revolution it belongs to.
The Second Agricultural Revolution mainly used the tools of the...
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It applied Industrial Revolution machines and transport to farming.
Mechanisation reduced the number of workers needed on farms.
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Machines did the work of many hands, freeing workers for cities.
Replacing hand and animal labour with machines is called ____.
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Mechanisation was central to the second agricultural revolution.
Select all features of the Second Agricultural Revolution.
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Mechanisation, railways, and crop rotation are second-revolution; first domestication is the Neolithic.
Feeding the cities
- More food per farmer meant fewer people were needed on the land.
- Freed workers moved to factory cities, powering urbanisation.
- So the second revolution helped drive the demographic transition.
Match each revolution to its key idea.
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First = domestication; second = machines; Green = high-yield seeds.
Do not confuse the Second Agricultural Revolution (industrial tools, 1700s-1800s) with the Green Revolution (high-yield seeds and chemicals, mid-1900s). Both raised output, but with different technologies in different eras.
As mechanisation and railways spread in 1800s Britain, one farmer could feed far more people. Farm workers were no longer all needed, so they moved to the new industrial cities — helping trigger the population boom of DTM Stage 2.
The Second Agricultural Revolution applied Industrial-Revolution tools — mechanisation, crop rotation, and railways — to raise food output enormously. Fewer farmers were needed, freeing workers for cities and helping drive urbanisation and the demographic transition.
Write from fewer workers needed on the land
- New machines and crop rotations raise output per worker.
- Many former farm workers move to factory towns.
What labour change marks this second agricultural revolution?
Higher productivity released labour from farming.
What happened to farm labour in this revolution?
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Machines and methods raised output per worker.