Settlement Patterns and Survey Methods
Introduced| English | Meaning |
|---|---|
| settlement patterns/ˈsetəlmənt ˈpætnz/ | The spatial arrangements of homes and communities, such as clustered, dispersed or linear distributions. |
| clustered/ˈklʌstəd/ | Grouped closely together rather than spread evenly or randomly across an area. |
| dispersed/dɪˈspɜːst/ | Spread across an area or among separate locations rather than concentrated together. |
| metes-and-bounds/miːts ænd baʊndz/ | A land-survey system describing parcel boundaries using measured distances, directions and identifiable landmarks. |
| township-and-range/ˈtaʊnʃɪp ænd reɪndʒ/ | A rectangular land-survey system dividing territory into townships and sections referenced to baselines and principal meridians. |
| long-lot/lɒŋ lɒt/ | A land-parcel pattern of long narrow strips extending from a river, road or other access route. |
How rural people settle
- Rural settlement patterns 聚落格局 leave a lasting mark on the land.
- Clustered 聚集 (nucleated) settlements group homes together.
- Dispersed 分散 settlements spread them out; linear ones follow a road or river.
Homes grouped closely together form a ____ settlement.
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Clustered (nucleated) settlements group homes together.
Select all rural settlement patterns.
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Clustered, dispersed, and linear are settlement patterns; 'spherical' is not.
Survey methods divide land
- Survey methods decide how farmland is divided into plots.
- Metes-and-bounds 地界描述法 uses natural features (a river, a tree) as boundaries.
- Township-and-range 方格测量制 uses a grid of squares.
Three land survey patterns: metes and bounds, long lots 长条田, township and range
Which survey method?
Sort each description by its survey method.
The long-lot system gives each farm a thin strip reaching a river or road.
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Long-lots ensured every farm had water and transport access.
The survey system using a grid of squares, seen in the US Midwest, is township-and-____.
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Township-and-range creates the square-field grid.
Match each survey method to its basis.
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Metes-and-bounds = landmarks; township-and-range = grid; long-lot = strips.
The long-lot
- The long-lot system gives each farm a thin strip reaching a river or road.
- This gave every farmer access to water and transport.
- It is common in areas settled by the French (Quebec, Louisiana).
Survey systems shape the map you still see today from a plane. A rigid township-and-range grid gives the neat square fields of the US Midwest; metes-and-bounds gives irregular fields; long-lots give thin strips along rivers. The pattern is evidence of who surveyed the land.
Fly over the US Midwest and you see a perfect township-and-range grid of square fields. Fly over rural Quebec along the St Lawrence River and you see thin long-lots reaching the water. The survey method is written on the landscape.
Rural settlement patterns are clustered, dispersed, or linear. Survey methods divide land: metes-and-bounds (natural features), township-and-range (a grid), and long-lot (thin strips to a river/road). The pattern reveals who surveyed the land.
Write from a long-lot pattern
- Each farm is a long thin strip.
- Every strip touches the same river.
What survey pattern is this?
Long-lots give each farm a share of the river.
What pattern gives every farm a strip of riverbank?
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The thin strips all meet the water.