Genetic modification · 基因改造
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| genetic modification/dʒɪˈnetɪk ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ | 基因改造 | jī yīn gǎi zào |
| GM crops/ˌdʒiː ˈem krɒps/ | 转基因作物 | zhuǎn jī yīn zuò wù |
| pest-resistant/pest rɪˈzɪstənt/ | 抗虫的 | kàng chóng de |
Rewriting the code of life
- Modern biotechnology can move a gene from one organism into another.
- This genetic modification 基因改造 already makes life-saving medicines and improved crops.
改写生命的密码
- 现代生物技术能把一个基因从一个生物移到另一个。
- 这种基因改造(genetic modification)已经制造救命的药物和改良的作物。
In genetic modification, a useful gene is cut out using: · 在基因改造中,一个有用的基因用以下哪种切出来:
Enzymes cut the gene from the DNA. · 酶从 DNA 切下基因。
In GM, a useful ______ is moved from one organism into another. · 在 GM 中,一个有用的______从一个生物移到另一个。
A single chosen gene is transferred. · 一个单一选择的基因被转移。
How GM is done
- A useful gene is cut out of one organism's DNA using enzymes.
- It is inserted into another organism (often bacteria), which then makes the useful product.
Yeast makes ethanol (a biofuel) and carbon dioxide (which makes bread rise)
GM 如何做
- 一个有用的基因用酶从一个生物的 DNA 中切出来。
- 它被插入另一个生物(常常是细菌),然后它制造有用的产品。
酵母制造乙醇(一种生物燃料)和二氧化碳(它使面包发起)
Genetic modification · 基因改造
A useful gene from one organism is put into another so it makes a wanted product. · 来自一个生物的一个有用的基因被放进另一个,这样它制造一个想要的产品。
GM bacteria are widely used to make: · GM 细菌被广泛用于制造:
GM bacteria make insulin for diabetics. · GM 细菌为糖尿病人制造胰岛素。
Making medicines
- GM bacteria make human insulin for people with diabetes — fast, cheap and in large amounts.
- Before GM, insulin had to be extracted from animals.
制造药物
- GM 细菌为有糖尿病的人制造人类胰岛素——快速、便宜、大量。
- 在 GM 之前,胰岛素必须从动物中提取。
GM crops can be made to be: (Select all that apply.) · 转基因作物能被制造成:(选择所有适用项。)
GM improves crops; it would not make them unable to grow. · GM 改良作物;它不会使它们不能生长。
Genetic modification changes an organism faster and more precisely than selective breeding. · 基因改造比选择育种更快、更精确地改变一个生物。
GM inserts one chosen gene directly. · GM 直接插入一个选择的基因。
GM crops 转基因作物
- GM crops can be made pest-resistant 抗虫的, higher-yielding, or richer in vitamins.
- Concerns include effects on wildlife and the spread of modified genes.
GM is precise; selective breeding is not. GM inserts a single chosen gene directly, so the change is fast and exact. Selective breeding mixes all the parents' genes over many generations. Both change organisms, by very different routes.
转基因作物
- 转基因作物(GM crops)能被制造成抗虫的、更高产的,或更富含维生素。
- 担忧包括对野生动物的影响和改造基因的传播。
GM 是精确的;选择育种不是。 GM 直接插入一个单一选择的基因,所以改变快速而精确。选择育种经过许多代混合所有亲本的基因。两者都改变生物,通过非常不同的途径。
You've got it
- genetic modification cuts a useful gene and inserts it into another organism
- GM bacteria make human insulin quickly and cheaply
- GM crops can be pest-resistant or higher-yielding; concerns remain about wildlife and gene spread
你掌握了
- 基因改造切下一个有用的基因并把它插入另一个生物
- GM 细菌快速而便宜地制造人类胰岛素
- 转基因作物能抗虫或更高产;关于野生动物和基因传播的担忧仍然存在