The seven characteristics of life · 生命的七大特征
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| organism/ˈɔːɡənɪzəm/ | 生物体 | shēng wù tǐ |
| movement/ˈmuːvmənt/ | 运动 | yùn dòng |
| respiration/ˌrespɪˈreɪʃn/ | 呼吸作用 | hū xī zuò yòng |
| sensitivity/ˌsensɪˈtɪvɪti/ | 应激性 | yīng jī xìng |
| excretion/ekˈskreʃn/ | 排泄 | pái xiè |
| nutrition/njuːˈtrɪʃn/ | 营养 | yíng yǎng |
| egestion/ɪˈdʒestʃn/ | 排遗 | pái yí |
What makes something alive?
- A rock, a river and a robot can move — but none of them is alive.
- Biologists agree on seven things every living organism 生物体 does. Miss one, and it isn't life.
什么使某物活着?
- 一块岩石、一条河和一个机器人能移动——但它们都不是活的。
- 生物学家同意每个活的生物体做七件事。少一件,它就不是生命。
Characteristics of life lab · 生命特征实验
Classify real observations by the life process they show. · 根据观察到的生命过程对真实现象分类。
The mnemonic MRS GREN helps you remember: · 助记符 MRS GREN 有助于记忆：
MRS GREN lists the seven life processes. · MRS GREN 列出七大生命过程。
How many characteristics of living things does MRS GREN list? · MRS GREN 列出多少个生物特征？
There are seven: movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, nutrition. · 七个：运动、呼吸、应激、生长、繁殖、排泄、营养。
MRS GREN
- A famous way to remember the seven characteristics: MRS GREN.
- Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition.
The seven life processes spell MRS GREN
MRS GREN
- 记住七个特征的一个著名方式:MRS GREN。
- Movement(运动)、Respiration(呼吸作用)、Sensitivity(敏感性)、Growth(生长)、Reproduction(繁殖)、Excretion(排泄)、Nutrition(营养)。
In MRS GREN, the "R" for respiration means: · MRS GREN 中 "R" 代表呼吸作用，意为：
Respiration releases energy from food in every living cell. · 呼吸作用在所有活细胞中从食物释放能量。
Detecting and responding to changes in the surroundings is: · 感知并响应环境变化是：
Sensitivity is detecting and responding to stimuli. · 应激性是感知并响应刺激。
The first four
- Movement 运动: all living things move some part of themselves.
- Respiration 呼吸作用: releasing energy from food.
- Sensitivity 应激性: detecting and responding to surroundings.
- Growth: a permanent increase in size.
A prokaryote (bacterium): E. coli seen under an electron microscope
前四个
- 运动(movement):所有活的东西都移动它们自己的某个部分。
- 呼吸作用(respiration):从食物中释放能量。
- 敏感性(sensitivity):检测并响应周围环境。
- 生长(growth):大小的一个永久增加。
一个原核生物(细菌):在电子显微镜下看到的大肠杆菌
Excretion removes waste made by the body's own reactions. · 排泄清除机体自身反应产生的废物。
Egestion removes undigested food; excretion removes metabolic waste. · 排遗排出未消化食物；排泄清除代谢废物。
Taking in materials for energy, growth and repair is called . · 摄取物质用于能量、生长和修复称为。
Nutrition is the N in MRS GREN. · 营养是 MRS GREN 中的 N。
The last three
- Reproduction: making more of the same kind.
- Excretion 排泄: removing the waste made by reactions in the body.
- Nutrition 营养: taking in materials for energy, growth and repair.
Excretion is not the same as egestion 排遗. Excretion removes waste made by the body (like carbon dioxide). Egestion removes undigested food that never entered the cells. Only excretion is one of the seven characteristics.
A scientific name: a capital-letter genus and a small-letter species
后三个
- 繁殖(reproduction):制造更多同类。
- 排泄(excretion):移除身体中反应产生的废物。
- 营养(nutrition):摄取用于能量、生长和修复的材料。
排泄与排遗不同。 排泄移除身体产生的废物(像二氧化碳)。排遗(egestion)移除从未进入细胞的未消化食物。只有排泄是七个特征之一。
You've got it
- all living things show seven characteristics — remember MRS GREN
- Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition
- excretion (waste from reactions) ≠ egestion (undigested food)
你掌握了
- 所有活的东西显示七个特征——记住 MRS GREN
- M运动、R呼吸作用、S敏感性、G生长、R繁殖、E排泄、N营养
- 排泄(反应产生的废物)≠ 排遗(未消化的食物)