Preserve an argument in retelling and defend a position
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| scope marker | 范围限定语 | fàn wéi xiàn dìng yǔ |
| counterargument | 反方论点 | fǎn fāng lùn diǎn |
A decision before an answer
- “相关” describes association. Retelling it as “导致” invents causation and can reverse an argument’s meaning.
- Your goal: Retell an argument with accurate scope and causal relationships.
A decision before an answer
- “related相关” describes association. Retelling it as “to lead to导致” invents causation and can reverse an argument’s meaning.
- Your goal: Retell an argument with accurate scope and causal relationships.
Read the relationship
- The new level-six oral sample uses two retellings of ninety seconds each, one picture task with three minutes preparation and two minutes response, and two question responses with three and a half minutes preparation and two and a half minutes speaking each. Total sample time is about twenty-three minutes including ten minutes preparation. It requires oral evidence separate from the new written notice and essay.
- Separate observed picture detail from interpretation.
Association between discussion and grades proves:
Alternative explanations prevent that causal conclusion.
Use the defining rule
- Track the argument rather than isolated facts: central claim, reasons, example, concession and conclusion. Preserve scope markers such as 部分, 可能 and 在…情况下. Do not convert association into causation or a proposal into an accomplished result. Retell in clear language without adding unsupported specialist facts.
- Defend a position while addressing a relevant counterargument.
Use the defining rule
- Track the argument rather than isolated facts: central claim, reasons, example, concession and conclusion. Preserve scope markers such as part部分, maybe / possible可能 and at / in在…circumstances情况down下. Do not convert association into causation or a proposal into an accomplished result. Retell in clear language without adding unsupported specialist facts.
- Defend a position while addressing a relevant counterargument.
A relevant objection should be:
Responding to the actual challenge develops the position.
Check the conditions
- For the picture, first describe visible relationships, then justify an interpretation from them. If the scene could support several explanations, use 可能 or 看起来 rather than claiming certainty. An organised interpretation is stronger than a list of sophisticated words with no coherent relation to the image.
- Defend a position while addressing a relevant counterargument.
Original source claim: 某校发现，经常参加讨论的学生成绩较高，但这并不能证明讨论本身提高了成绩，因为这些学生也可能投入更多学习时间。 Faithful retelling keeps the association and alternative explanation. For an independent view, recommend structured discussion while recognising that attendance alone is not evidence of learning.
Check the conditions
- For the picture, first describe visible relationships, then justify an interpretation from them. If the scene could support several explanations, use maybe / possible可能 or seemingly看起来 rather than claiming certainty. An organised interpretation is stronger than a list of sophisticated words with no coherent relation to the image.
- Defend a position while addressing a relevant counterargument.
Original source claim: 某校to notice发现，often经常to participate参加to discuss讨论(of / 's)的student学生achievement成绩to compare较high高，but但this这variant of 并并cannot不能proof证明to discuss讨论itself本身to raise提高(completed / change)了achievement成绩，because因为these这些student学生also也maybe / possible可能to throw into投入more更many多to learn学习(concept of) time时间。 Faithful retelling keeps the association and alternative explanation. For an independent view, recommend structured discussion while recognising that attendance alone is not evidence of learning.
Complete cautious interpretation: 从图片____，他们可能正在讨论计划。
从…看 frames an interpretation based on available evidence.
Apply the task format
- For a position question, state a defensible claim, explain a reason and evidence, address one serious objection and identify a condition that resolves it. Keep the conclusion proportionate to the evidence. Human assessment records development, reasoning, organisation, flexibility and intelligibility; productive oral quality cannot be reduced to matching a written model.
- Defend a position while addressing a relevant counterargument.
A confident voice does not make a causal claim valid. Distinguish faithful retelling from your own evaluation.
Which answer fits this case?
Retell an argument with accurate scope and causal relationships
Retelling may add a causal conclusion absent from the source.
Retelling must preserve the source’s evidential strength.
Keep the distinctions
- scope marker 范围限定语 — Language indicating how broadly a claim applies.
- counterargument 反方论点 — A relevant objection that challenges the proposed position.
- Retell an argument with accurate scope and causal relationships.
- Separate observed picture detail from interpretation.
- Defend a position while addressing a relevant counterargument.
Keep the distinctions
- scope marker range范围to restrict to限定to tell to语 — Language indicating how broadly a claim applies.
- counterargument the side opposed to the…反方argument论点 — A relevant objection that challenges the proposed position.
- Retell an argument with accurate scope and causal relationships.
- Separate observed picture detail from interpretation.
- Defend a position while addressing a relevant counterargument.
Match each term with its precise meaning in this lesson.
Keep the distinctions stated in the teaching example.
Put this lesson’s reasoning or event sequence in order.
The order follows the stated process; check each stage before the next.