Biological psychology · 生物心理学
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| sensation/senˈseɪʃn/ | 感觉 | gǎn jué |
| response criterion/rɪˈspɒns kraɪˈtɪərɪən/ | 反应标准 | fǎn yìng biāo zhǔn |
A decision before an answer
- The same faint sound can be noticed in a quiet room and missed in a busy one. Detection depends on more than the stimulus.
- Your goal: Distinguish sensation, perception and psychophysics.
答案前的判断
- 同样的微弱声音在安静的房间中能被注意到，但在繁忙的环境中可能被忽略。探测不仅取决于刺激本身。
- 你的目标：区分感觉、知觉和心理物理学。
Read the relationship
- Sensation concerns reception of stimulation; perception concerns interpretation. They interact but are not interchangeable.
- Relate neural communication and brain systems to behaviour.
阅读关系
- 感觉涉及刺激的接收；知觉涉及解释。它们相互作用但不可互换。
- 将神经通信和脑系统与行为联系起来。
Reporting a sound when no sound was presented is a:
It is a positive response on a noise-only trial.
Use the defining rule
- Signal detection separates sensitivity from the criterion for saying yes. Expectations can change the response criterion.
- Explain physiological bases of sleep, motivation and emotion.
运用定义规则
- 信号检测将敏感度与“是”的判断标准分开。期望可以改变反应标准。
- 解释睡眠、动机和情绪的生理基础。
A neuron sends an electrical signal along its:
Axons conduct action potentials toward terminals.
Check the conditions
- Neurons communicate through electrical signals and synapses. A brain region’s involvement does not establish that it acts alone.
- Explain physiological bases of sleep, motivation and emotion.
A person expecting an alarm reports more faint sounds as alarms. Hits may rise, but false alarms may also rise. This can reflect a more liberal response criterion rather than better sensory sensitivity.
检查条件
- 神经元通过电信号和突触进行通讯。某个脑区参与某项功能并不意味着它单独起作用。
- 解释睡眠、动机和情绪的生理基础。
一个预期会有闹钟响的人会将更多微弱的声音报告为闹钟声。击中率可能会上升，但误报率也可能上升。这可能反映了更宽松的反应标准，而非更好的感觉敏感度。
Interpreting sensory information is ____.
It concerns meaning or organisation of sensory input.
Apply the task format
- Lesion and imaging studies give different evidence. Consider confounds and the limits of inferring causes from associations.
- Explain physiological bases of sleep, motivation and emotion.
A brain image showing activity during a task is not proof that the region alone causes the behaviour.
应用题目格式
- 损伤研究和影像研究提供的证据不同。需要考虑混杂因素以及从相关性推断因果关系的局限性。
- 解释睡眠、动机和情绪的生理基础。
显示任务期间活动的大脑图像并不能证明该脑区单独导致了该行为。
Which answer fits this case? · 哪个答案符合此案例？
Distinguish sensation, perception and psychophysics · 区分感觉、知觉与心理物理学⟦number⟧
More hits always prove better sensitivity.
Hits and false alarms both matter; criterion can shift.
Keep the distinctions
- sensation 感觉 — Reception of sensory stimulation.
- response criterion 反应标准 — The threshold for reporting that a signal is present.
- Distinguish sensation, perception and psychophysics.
- Relate neural communication and brain systems to behaviour.
- Explain physiological bases of sleep, motivation and emotion.
保持区别
- sensation 感觉 — 接受感觉刺激。
- response criterion 反应标准 — 报告信号存在的阈值。
- 区分感觉、知觉和心理物理学。
- 将神经通信和脑系统与行为联系起来。
- 解释睡眠、动机和情绪的生理基础。
Match each term with its precise meaning in this lesson.
Keep the distinctions stated in the teaching example.
Put this lesson’s reasoning or event sequence in order.
The order follows the stated process; check each stage before the next.