How Similar Were the Cold War's Effects? · 冷战的后果有多相似？
An extent question about two hemispheres
- Explain the extent to which the effects of the Cold War were similar in the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
- Extent again means a degree, and similar means the comparison runs on shared features first.
- So the answer names what was the same everywhere, then what differed, then gives a degree.
一道关于两个半球的"程度"题
- 解释冷战的影响在东西两半球相似到何种程度。
- "程度"再次意味着一个度,而"相似"意味着比较要先从共同特征展开。
- 因此答案要先说出各处相同的东西,再说不同之处,然后给出一个程度判断。
"Extent" in this objective calls for... · 此目标中的“范围”要求……
Name what was similar, then what differed, then give the degree. · 先说出相似之处，再说出不同之处，最后给出程度。
What was similar
- Pressure to align with a superpower reached both hemispheres, and both saw proxy wars and arms transfers.
- The Cold War conflict extended beyond its basic ideological origins to have profound effects on economic, political, social and cultural aspects of global events.
- States responded in a variety of ways to the economic challenges of the 20th century — state guidance of development appears on both sides of the world.
相似之处
- 与某个超级大国结盟的压力抵达了两个半球,而两个半球都出现了代理人战争与武器输送。
- 冷战冲突的影响超出了其基本的意识形态起源,对全球事件的经济、政治、社会与文化方面产生了深刻影响。
- 各国以多种方式回应二十世纪的经济挑战——由国家指导发展,在世界两侧都出现了。
Select all · 所有 the similarities available for this answer. · 选择 所有 可用于此答案的相似点。
The systems were exactly what the two blocs disagreed about. · 这些体制正是两大阵营分歧所在。
What differed
- In much of the Eastern Hemisphere the Cold War overlapped with decolonisation, so the same decade carried two transformations.
- In parts of the Western Hemisphere, states were long independent and the contest ran through internal politics and economic alignment.
- So the timing and the local content differed even where the external pressure was the same.
不同之处
- 在东半球的许多地方,冷战与去殖民化重叠,因此同一个十年承载了两场变革。
- 而在西半球的部分地区,国家早已独立,较量是通过内部政治与经济取向展开的。
- 因此即便外部压力相同,时机与在地内容也不相同。
Similarity, contextual difference, or the verdict? · 相似性、情境差异还是结论？
Sort each element of a hemispheres comparison. · 对半球比较的每个要素进行分类。
In much of the Eastern Hemisphere the Cold War overlapped with ____. · 在东半球大部分地区，冷战与____重叠。
So the same decade carried two transformations. · 因此同一个十年承载了两种转型。
A difference of context is not a difference of instrument. Proxy wars, alignment pressure and state-led development appear in both hemispheres; what differs is whether they landed on a newly independent state or a long-independent one. Saying which kind of difference you mean is what makes the degree precise.
**语境上的差异不是工具上的差异。**代理人战争、结盟压力与国家主导的发展,在两个半球都出现;不同的是它们落在一个新独立的国家上,还是一个早已独立的国家上。说清你指的是哪一种差异,正是让程度判断变得精确的原因。
Whether a state was newly independent is a difference of instrument. · 一个国家是否刚获得独立是工具层面的差异。
It is a difference of context — what the same instrument landed on. · 这是情境上的差异——同一工具落在什么基础上。
A defensible degree
- Similar in mechanism, different in what the mechanism landed on is a verdict you can defend from this unit alone.
- Proxy war, alignment pressure and state-led development appear in both hemispheres.
- What differed is whether they arrived alongside independence — and that is a difference of context, not of Cold War instruments.
一个站得住的程度判断
- "机制上相似,而机制所落之处不同"是一个仅凭本单元就能捍卫的结论。
- 代理人战争、结盟压力与国家主导的发展,在两个半球都出现。
- 不同的是它们是否与独立同时到来——而这是语境上的差异,不是冷战工具上的差异。
Put the hemispheres routine in order. · 将半球比较流程按顺序排列。
"Similar in method, different in what it interacted with" beats "quite similar". · “方法相似，但互动的对象不同”优于“相当相似”。
A hemispheres routine
- Name two similarities with an example on each side of the world.
- Name one difference, and say whether it is a difference of instrument or of context.
- Give your degree in one sentence, and make it specific — similar in method, different in what it interacted with is better than quite similar.
半球比较流程
- 点出两项相似之处,并在世界两侧各给一个例子。
- 点出一项差异,并说明它是工具上的差异,还是语境上的差异。
- 用一句话给出你的程度判断,并让它具体——"方法相似,而所作用之对象不同"胜过"相当相似"。
Two states receive the same package — advisers, arms and a development loan tied to a bloc. One is three years old and still writing a constitution; the other has been independent for a century. The instrument is identical; what it interacts with is not, and that is the whole comparison.
两个国家收到同样的一揽子安排——顾问、武器,以及一笔与某个阵营绑定的发展贷款。其中一个成立才三年、还在起草宪法;另一个已独立一个世纪。工具完全相同;而它所作用的对象不同,这就是这场比较的全部。
Explain the extent to which the effects of the Cold War were similar in the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. Similar: alignment pressure, proxy wars, and state guidance of development, with the conflict extending beyond its ideological origins into economic, political, social and cultural aspects. Different: whether it overlapped with decolonisation. A defensible degree: similar in mechanism, different in context.
解释冷战的影响在东西两半球相似到何种程度。相似之处:结盟压力、代理人战争与国家对发展的指导,而这场冲突的影响超出其意识形态起源,进入经济、政治、社会与文化各方面。不同之处:它是否与去殖民化重叠。一个站得住的程度判断:机制上相似,语境上不同。