Growth and the Suburbs · 增长与郊区化
Four causes of growth
- A burgeoning private sector, federal spending, the baby boom, and technological developments helped spur economic growth.
- Four causes, and federal spending sits beside a burgeoning private sector without contradiction.
- The baby boom is a demographic cause of an economic effect — more people means more demand as well as more workers.
增长的四项成因
- 蓬勃的私营部门、联邦支出、婴儿潮与技术发展,共同推动了经济增长。
- 四项成因,而联邦支出与蓬勃的私营部门并列却不矛盾。
- 婴儿潮是一项经济效果的人口成因——人更多既意味着更多需求,也意味着更多劳动力。
Select all · 所有 four causes of economic growth. · 选择所有经济增长的四个原因。
Federal spending sits beside the private sector without contradiction. · 联邦支出与私营部门并存而无矛盾。
Mobility moved people twice
- As higher education opportunities and new technologies rapidly expanded, increasing social mobility encouraged the migration of the middle class to the suburbs and of many Americans to the South and West.
- Two movements: to the suburbs (within metropolitan areas) and to the South and West (between regions).
- The cause is increasing social mobility, so moving up and moving out are described as the same phenomenon.
流动性把人移动了两次
- 随着高等教育机会与新技术迅速扩展,不断增加的社会流动性推动了中产阶级向郊区的迁移,以及许多美国人向南部与西部的迁移。
- 两场移动:迁往郊区(在都会区之内)与迁往南部与西部(跨区域)。
- 成因是不断增加的社会流动性,因此向上流动与向外迁移被描述为同一个现象。
Select both · 两者 movements increasing social mobility encouraged. · 选择两个促进社会流动的运动。
Moving up and moving out as one phenomenon. · 向上流动与向外迁移作为一个现象。
The Sun Belt became a force
- The Sun Belt region emerged as a significant political and economic force.
- Political first: population moves change representation, and representation changes national politics.
- 8.1's third thread promised far-reaching consequences for... politics, and this is the mechanism it meant.
阳光地带成为一股力量
- 阳光地带地区崛起为一股重要的政治与经济力量。
- 政治排在前面:人口的移动改变代表权,而代表权改变全国政治。
- 8.1 的第三条线索许诺了对……政治的深远后果,而这正是它所指的机制。
A cause of growth, a driver of mobility, or a result? · 增长的原因、流动性的驱动力，还是结果？
Sort each element of postwar affluence. · 对每个战后富裕的元素进行分类排序。
The Sun Belt emerged as a significant... · 阳光带成为一个重要的...
Population moves change representation. · 人口流动改变代表权。
The CED lists expanding higher education as a cause of mobility, not a result of prosperity. Education and new technologies raised social mobility, which encouraged the migration of the middle class to the suburbs — so the suburbs are downstream of the classroom.
CED 把高等教育的扩展列为流动性的成因,而不是繁荣的结果。教育与新技术提高了社会流动性,这推动了中产阶级向郊区的迁移——因此郊区处在教室的下游。
The CED lists expanding higher education as... · CED将高等教育扩张列为...
6.10's mechanism running again, larger. · 6.10的机制再次运行，规模更大。
Education as an engine
- Higher education opportunities... rapidly expanded is listed as a cause of mobility, not as a result of prosperity.
- 6.10 had made increased access to educational institutions a cause of the new middle class; the same mechanism runs again, larger.
- So the suburbs are downstream of the classroom, which is a more precise claim than "prosperity produced suburbs".
作为引擎的教育
- 高等教育机会……迅速扩展被列为流动性的成因,而不是繁荣的结果。
- 6.10 曾把教育机构可及性的提高列为新中产阶级的成因;同一机制再次运转,规模更大。
- 因此郊区处在教室的下游,而这比"繁荣产生了郊区"是一项更精确的主张。
The baby boom is a ____ cause of an economic effect. · 婴儿潮是一个____经济效应的成因。
More people means more demand as well as more workers. · 更多的人意味着更多的需求以及更多的劳动力。
Two objectives, one economy
- 8.4 carries the causes of economic growth and the causes and effects of migration, and the CED links them through mobility.
- Growth: private sector, federal spending, baby boom, technology.
- Migration: education and technology raising mobility, producing suburbs and a Sun Belt that reshaped politics.
两个目标,同一个经济
- 8.4 承载经济增长的成因与迁徙的成因与效果,而 CED 通过流动性把它们连了起来。
- 增长:私营部门、联邦支出、婴儿潮、技术。
- 迁徙:教育与技术提高了流动性,产生了郊区与一个重塑政治的阳光地带。
Send a generation to college and you have changed where it can work, what it can afford and how far it can live from the job. The house on the edge of town is the last step of a sequence that began in a lecture hall.
把一代人送进大学,你就改变了他们能在哪里工作、能负担得起什么,以及能住得离工作多远。镇子边缘的那栋房子,是一个始于讲堂的序列的最后一步。
A burgeoning private sector, federal spending, the baby boom, and technological developments helped spur economic growth. As higher education opportunities and new technologies rapidly expanded, increasing social mobility encouraged the migration of the middle class to the suburbs and of many Americans to the South and West. The Sun Belt region emerged as a significant political and economic force.
蓬勃的私营部门、联邦支出、婴儿潮与技术发展,共同推动了经济增长。 随着高等教育机会与新技术迅速扩展,不断增加的社会流动性推动了中产阶级向郊区的迁移,以及许多美国人向南部与西部的迁移。阳光地带地区崛起为一股重要的政治与经济力量。