The Most Powerful Nation · 最强大的国家
Three reasons in one sentence
- The war-ravaged condition of Asia and Europe, and the dominant U.S. role in the Allied victory and postwar peace settlements, allowed the United States to emerge from the war as the most powerful nation on Earth.
- Three reasons: others were devastated, the U.S. role in victory was dominant, and it shaped the peace settlements.
- Allowed... to emerge is relative: American power grew partly because everyone else's had been destroyed.
一句话里的三项原因
- 亚洲与欧洲饱受战争摧残的境况,以及美国在盟军胜利与战后和平安排中的主导角色,使美国得以从战争中崛起为地球上最强大的国家。
- 三项原因:其他各方被摧毁、美国在胜利中的角色占主导,以及它塑造了和平安排。
- 使……得以崛起是相对性的:美国的力量之所以增长,部分是因为其他所有人的力量都被摧毁了。
Select all · 所有 three reasons the CED gives. · 选择CED给出的所有三个原因。
The first is relative, and the CED puts it first. · 第一项是相对的，且CED将其放在首位。
Relative power, not only absolute
- 7.12 recorded the industrial base equipping allies and millions of troops — that is absolute capacity.
- The war-ravaged condition of Asia and Europe is the relative half, and the CED puts it first.
- So an answer that only lists American strengths has taken the smaller half of the CED's explanation.
相对的力量,不只是绝对的
- 7.12 记录了那个装备了盟国与数百万军队的工业基础——那是绝对的能力。
- 亚洲与欧洲饱受战争摧残的境况是相对的那一半,而 CED 把它放在最前面。
- 因此只罗列美国长处的答案,只取了 CED 解释中较小的那一半。
'Allowed... to emerge' indicates power that is... · 'Allowed... to emerge'表明权力是……
Measuring only American output misses why it now sets the terms. · 仅衡量美国产出会忽略为何现在由其设定条件。
Shaping the settlements matters
- Postwar peace settlements decide institutions, borders and rules, and a dominant participant writes more of them.
- 7.5's Senate had refused the Treaty of Versailles and the League; this time the country stayed in the arrangements it helped make.
- That contrast — 1919 refused, 1945 stayed — is the strongest single point available in this subtopic.
塑造和平安排很重要
- 战后的和平安排决定机构、边界与规则,而一个占主导地位的参与者会写下其中更多的部分。
- 7.5 中参议院曾拒绝《凡尔赛条约》与国际联盟;而这一次,这个国家留在了它协助缔造的那些安排之中。
- 这一对照——1919 年拒绝、1945 年留下——是本小节中可用的最有力的单一论点。
A relative reason, an American role, or a caveat? · 是一个相对理由、美国的角色还是一个保留意见？
Sort each element of postwar power. · 对战后权力的各要素进行分类排序。
The strongest contrast in this subtopic is between... · 本小节中最强烈的对比在于……
7.5's Senate refused the Treaty and the League. · 7.5中的参议院拒绝了条约和国联。
American power grew partly because everyone else's had been destroyed. The CED puts the war-ravaged condition of Asia and Europe first among its three reasons — so an answer listing only American strengths has taken the smaller half of the explanation.
美国的力量之所以增长,部分是因为其他所有人的力量都被摧毁了。CED 把亚洲与欧洲饱受战争摧残的境况放在它三项原因的最前面——因此只罗列美国长处的答案,只取了这一解释中较小的那一半。
'Most powerful' does not mean the domestic argument was settled. · 'Most powerful'并不意味着国内争论已平息。
7.1 promised renewed debate over the nation's proper role. · 7.1承诺了对国家适当角色的重新辩论。
What 'most powerful' does and does not mean
- It means unmatched industrial capacity, an intact homeland, and a decisive voice in the settlements.
- It does not mean unchallenged: 7.1's thread promised renewed domestic debates over the nation's proper role.
- So the position was strong and the argument about how to use it was immediately reopened.
"最强大"意味着什么、不意味着什么
- 它意味着无可匹敌的工业能力、一片完好的本土,以及在和平安排中具有决定性的发言权。
- 它并不意味着不受挑战:7.1 的那条线索许诺了关于这个国家应有角色的、被重新激起的国内辩论。
- 因此这个位置是强的,而关于如何使用它的争论立刻被重新打开。
A dominant participant in the postwar settlements writes more of the . · 作为战后安排的占主导地位的参与者撰写了更多的。
Institutions, borders and rules. · 机构、边界和规则。
Consequences of involvement
- The objective is the consequences of U.S. involvement in World War II, and this subtopic gives the largest one.
- State the three reasons, then the contrast with 1919, then the caveat that power did not settle the domestic argument.
- Three moves, and the second is what turns a fact into an interpretation.
卷入的后果
- 这一目标是美国卷入第二次世界大战的后果,而本小节给出了其中最大的一项。
- 陈述那三项原因,然后是与 1919 年的对照,然后是那项告诫:力量并没有解决国内的争论。
- 三个动作,而第二个正是把一项事实变成一种解读的东西。
A factory that survived a war intact is more powerful than it was, without having improved, because the factories it competed with are rubble. Measuring only its own output misses why it now sets the price.
一座在战争中完好幸存的工厂,比它此前更有力量,而它本身并没有改进,因为与它竞争的那些工厂已成废墟。只衡量它自身的产量,会错过它如今为何能定价。
The war-ravaged condition of Asia and Europe, and the dominant U.S. role in the Allied victory and postwar peace settlements, allowed the United States to emerge from the war as the most powerful nation on Earth. The first reason is relative; the contrast with 7.5 — the Senate refusing the Treaty of Versailles and the League in 1919, the country staying in the arrangements it helped make in 1945 — is the strongest single point; and 7.1 promised the domestic argument would be renewed, not settled.
亚洲与欧洲饱受战争摧残的境况,以及美国在盟军胜利与战后和平安排中的主导角色,使美国得以从战争中崛起为地球上最强大的国家。第一项原因是相对性的;与 7.5 的对照——1919 年参议院拒绝了《凡尔赛条约》与国际联盟,而 1945 年这个国家留在了它协助缔造的安排之中——是最有力的单一论点;而 7.1 许诺国内的争论将被重新激起,而不是被解决。