The Internal Structure of Cities · 城市的内部结构
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| Central Business District/ˈsentrəl ˈbɪznəs ˈdɪstrɪkt/ | 中央商务区 | zhōng yāng shāng wù qū |
| concentric zone model/kənˈsentrɪk zəʊn ˈmɒdl/ | 同心圆模型 | tóng xīn yuán mó xíng |
| sector model/ˈsektə ˈmɒdl/ | 扇形模型 | shàn xíng mó xíng |
| multiple nuclei model/ˈmʌltɪpl ˈnjuːklɪi ˈmɒdl/ | 多核心模型 | duō hé xīn mó xíng |
Three classic models
- Three models describe how North American cities are arranged inside.
- All are built around the Central Business District 中央商务区 (CBD).
- Each explains land use in a different way.
三个经典模型
- 三个模型描述北美城市内部如何排布。
- 它们都围绕中央商务区(CBD)构建。
- 每个都以不同方式解释土地利用。
The commercial heart of the city that all three models centre on is the Central Business . · 三个模型都以之为中心的城市商业心脏是中央商务区。
The Central Business District (CBD) is the commercial core. · **中央商务区（CBD）**是商业中心。
Select all · 所有 classic North American urban models. · 选择所有经典北美城市模型。
Concentric, sector, and multiple nuclei are city models; rank-size is about city sizes. · 同心圆、扇形和多核心是城市模型；等级规模是关于城市规模的。
Concentric zone and sector
- The concentric zone model 同心圆模型 (Burgess) has rings around the CBD.
- The sector model 扇形模型 (Hoyt) grows in wedges along transport routes.
- Both put the CBD at the centre but organise the rest differently.
同心圆与扇形
- 同心圆模型(concentric zone model,伯吉斯)有围绕 CBD 的环带。
- 扇形模型(sector model,霍伊特)沿交通路线以楔形增长。
- 两者都把 CBD 放在中心,但对其余部分的组织不同。
Which urban model? · 哪种城市模型？
Sort each description by its urban model. · 按城市模型对每个描述进行排序。
The urban model with several separate centres, not one CBD, is the... · 具有多个独立中心而非单一CBD的城市模型是...
The multiple nuclei model has several hubs. · 多核心模型拥有多个枢纽。
The sector model grows in wedges along transport routes. · 扇形模型沿交通路线呈楔形增长。
Hoyt's sector model organises land into transport-aligned wedges. · 霍伊特的扇形模型将土地组织为与交通对齐的楔形。
Match each model to its creator/idea. · 将每个模型与其创建者/理念匹配。
Concentric = Burgess rings; sector = Hoyt wedges; multiple nuclei = Harris-Ullman. · 同心圆 = 伯吉斯环；扇形 = 霍伊特楔形；多核心 = 哈里斯-厄尔曼。
Multiple nuclei
- The multiple nuclei model 多核心模型 (Harris-Ullman) has several centres, not one.
- As a city grows and specialises, new hubs (an airport, a university) form.
- Developing-world cities have their own models too (e.g. the Latin American model).
多核心
- 多核心模型(multiple nuclei model,哈里斯-厄尔曼)有几个中心,而非一个。
- 随着城市增长和专业化,新枢纽(机场、大学)形成。
- 发展中世界的城市也有自己的模型(如拉丁美洲模型)。
These are models of North American cities, and each highlights one idea: rings (Burgess), wedges (Hoyt), or many centres (Harris-Ullman). They simplify reality — real cities mix all three, and developing-world cities follow different models. Use them to compare, not to describe every city.
这些是北美城市的模型,每个强调一个观点:环带(伯吉斯)、楔形(霍伊特)或多个中心(哈里斯-厄尔曼)。它们简化了现实——真实城市混合三者,发展中世界城市遵循不同模型。用它们来比较,而非描述每座城市。
A city where an airport district and a separate university town each grow their own cluster of hotels and shops, rather than everything radiating from one downtown, fits the multiple nuclei model — several centres, not a single CBD ringed by zones.
一座城市里,机场区和单独的大学城各自发展出自己的酒店和商店集群,而非一切从一个市中心向外辐射,这符合多核心模型——多个中心,而非被环带包围的单一 CBD。
Three North American city models centre on the CBD: concentric zone (rings, Burgess), sector (wedges along transport, Hoyt), and multiple nuclei (several centres, Harris-Ullman). They simplify reality; developing-world cities follow different models.
三个北美城市模型以 CBD 为中心:同心圆(环带,伯吉斯)、扇形(沿交通的楔形,霍伊特)和多核心(多个中心,哈里斯-厄尔曼)。它们简化现实;发展中世界城市遵循不同模型。