Population Composition · 人口构成
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| population composition/ˌpɒpjʊˈleɪʃn ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃn/ | 人口构成 | rén kǒu gòu chéng |
| population pyramid/ˌpɒpjʊˈleɪʃn ˈpɪrəmɪd/ | 人口金字塔 | rén kǒu jīn zì tǎ |
| dependency ratio/dɪˈpendənsi ˈreɪʃɪəʊ/ | 抚养比 | fǔ yǎng bǐ |
The make-up of a population
- Population composition 人口构成 is the make-up of a population by age and sex.
- It is shown on a population pyramid 人口金字塔 — back-to-back bar charts.
- The shape of the pyramid tells you the story of a country.
人口的构成
- 人口构成(population composition)是按年龄和性别划分的人口构成。
- 它用人口金字塔(population pyramid)显示——背靠背的条形图。
- 金字塔的形状讲述一个国家的故事。
The make-up of a population by age and sex is population . · 按年龄和性别划分的人口构成是人口。
Population composition is shown on a population pyramid. · 人口构成在人口金字塔中显示。
Reading the shape
- A wide base = many young people = high birth rate = rapid growth.
- Straight sides = slow, stable growth.
- A narrow base = few young people = an ageing, shrinking population.
读懂形状
- 宽底座=年轻人多=高出生率=快速增长。
- 竖直的两侧=缓慢、稳定的增长。
- 窄底座=年轻人少=老龄化、萎缩的人口。
What does the pyramid shape mean? · 金字塔形状意味着什么？
Sort each pyramid shape by what it tells you about growth. · 按金字塔形状所揭示的增长情况对其进行分类。
A population pyramid with a very wide base shows... · 底部非常宽的种群金字塔表明……
A wide base = many young people = high birth rate = rapid growth. · 宽底=大量年轻人=高出生率=快速增长。
Match each pyramid shape to its meaning. · 将每种金字塔形状与其含义匹配。
Wide = growing; straight = stable; narrow = ageing. · 宽 = 增长；直 = 稳定；窄 = 老龄化。
The dependency ratio
- The dependency ratio 抚养比 compares dependents to working-age people.
- Dependents are the young (under 15) and the old (over 64).
- A high ratio strains the workers who must support everyone else.
抚养比
- 抚养比(dependency ratio)比较受抚养者与劳动年龄人口。
- 受抚养者是年轻人(15 岁以下)和老年人(64 岁以上)。
- 抚养比高会加重必须供养其他所有人的劳动者的负担。
The dependency ratio counts the young and the old as dependents. · 抚养比将年轻人和老年人均视为被抚养人口。
Dependents = under 15 and over 64; the working-age support them. · 被抚养人口 = 15岁以下和64岁以上；劳动年龄人口负责抚养他们。
A country has 30 million dependents and 60 million working-age people. What is the dependency ratio, as dependents per 100 workers? · 某国有 30 百万受抚养人口和 60 百万劳动年龄人口。受抚养比是多少，即每名 100 劳动者对应的受抚养人数？
30/60 = 0.5, so 50 dependents per 100 workers. · 30/60 = 0.5，因此 50 每名受抚养人对应 100 名工人。
A wide base is not always good. It means rapid growth, which can strain schools, jobs, food, and services. A narrow base is not simply "bad" either — it means an ageing society with its own challenges. Read the shape, do not judge it.
宽底座不总是好事。它意味着快速增长,可能给学校、就业、粮食和服务带来压力。窄底座也不简单是“坏”——它意味着老龄化社会,有自己的挑战。读懂形状,而不是评判它。
Niger has a wide-based pyramid: about half its people are children. Japan has a narrow-based, top-heavy pyramid: many elderly, few children. Same chart type, opposite stories — one faces rapid growth, the other rapid ageing.
尼日尔有一个宽底金字塔:约一半人口是儿童。日本有一个窄底、上重下轻的金字塔:老人多、儿童少。同样的图表类型,相反的故事——一个面对快速增长,另一个面对快速老龄化。
Population composition (age and sex) is shown on a population pyramid. A wide base = rapid growth; straight sides = stable; narrow base = ageing. The dependency ratio compares the young + old to working-age people.
人口构成(年龄和性别)用人口金字塔显示。宽底=快速增长;竖直两侧=稳定;窄底=老龄化。抚养比比较年轻人+老年人与劳动年龄人口。