Nuclear Power · 核能
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| uranium/jʊəˈreɪnɪəm/ | 铀 | yóu |
| Fission/ˈfɪʃn/ | 裂变 | liè biàn |
| turbine/ˈtɜːbaɪn/ | 涡轮机 | wō lún jī |
| carbon dioxide/ˈkɑːbən daɪˈɒksaɪd/ | 二氧化碳 | èr yǎng huà tàn |
| waste/weɪst/ | 废物 | fèi wù |
| nonrenewable/ˌnɒnrɪˈnjuːəbl/ | 不可再生 | bù kě zài shēng |
Energy from the atom
- Nuclear power does not burn any fuel.
- Instead it splits atoms of uranium 铀.
- Splitting an atom releases an enormous burst of heat.
- That heat is used to make electricity.
来自原子的能量
- 核能不燃烧任何燃料。
- 相反,它分裂铀(uranium)的原子。
- 分裂一个原子释放巨大的一阵热量。
- 那热量被用来发电。
How it makes electricity
- Fission 裂变 splits uranium atoms, releasing heat.
- The heat boils water into high-pressure steam.
- The steam spins a turbine 涡轮机.
- The turbine drives a generator that makes electricity.
它如何发电
- 裂变(fission)分裂铀原子,释放热量。
- 热量把水烧成高压蒸汽。
- 蒸汽转动一台涡轮机(turbine)。
- 涡轮机驱动一台产生电的发电机。
Nuclear power releases energy by… · 核能通过以下方式释放能量……
Nuclear fission splits uranium atoms, releasing huge heat with no burning and no CO2. · 核裂变分裂铀原子,释放巨大的热量,不燃烧也不产生CO2。
The big advantage
- Nuclear power releases almost no carbon dioxide 二氧化碳.
- One small pellet of uranium holds huge energy.
- A plant runs day and night, in any weather.
- So it gives steady, low-carbon electricity.
大优势
- 核能几乎不释放二氧化碳(carbon dioxide)。
- 一小颗铀芯块含有巨大的能量。
- 一座电站日夜运转,在任何天气下。
- 所以它提供稳定、低碳的电。
How a nuclear plant makes electricity · 核电站如何发电
Follow the heat from a splitting uranium atom to electricity in the wires. · 跟随热量从分裂的铀原子到电线里的电。
A big advantage of nuclear power is that it… · 核能的一个大优势是它……
Nuclear plants make steady electricity with almost no greenhouse gases — a real climate advantage. · 核电站产生稳定的电,几乎不排放温室气体——一个真实的气候优势。
The main drawback is dangerous radioactive ____ that stays hazardous for thousands of years. · 主要缺点是危险的放射性____,它危险数千年。
Spent fuel is radioactive waste · 粪便 that must be stored safely for thousands of years. · 用过的燃料是放射性废物,必须安全储存数千年。
The serious drawbacks
- Fission leaves radioactive waste 废物, dangerous for thousands of years.
- A serious accident can release radiation over a wide area.
- Uranium is mined and limited — the fuel is nonrenewable 不可再生.
- Building a plant is very expensive and slow.
严重的缺点
- 裂变留下放射性废物(waste),危险数千年。
- 一次严重事故能在大范围内释放辐射。
- 铀被开采且有限——燃料是不可再生(nonrenewable)的。
- 建一座电站非常昂贵且缓慢。
Uranium is a nonrenewable fuel that must be mined. · 铀是必须开采的不可再生燃料。
Uranium ore is limited and mined from the ground, so nuclear fuel is nonrenewable. · 铀矿有限,从地下开采,所以核燃料是不可再生的。
Select all · 所有 true statements about nuclear power. · 选出关于核能的所有正确说法。
Nuclear is low-CO2 but makes radioactive waste and carries accident risk. Uranium is nonrenewable. · 核能低CO2,但产生放射性废物且带有事故风险。铀是不可再生的。
Nuclear power is a puzzle of opposites. It is low-carbon (a climate hero) but leaves long-lived radioactive waste (a disposal nightmare). It is very safe most of the time but a rare accident can be severe. Don't file it as simply "good" or "bad" — the exam wants you to weigh both sides.
核能是一个由对立面组成的谜题。它是低碳的(气候英雄),但留下长寿命的放射性废物(处置噩梦)。它大部分时间非常安全,但罕见的事故可能很严重。别简单地把它归为"好"或"坏"——考试要你权衡两面。
Inside the plant:
- A uranium atom splits — releasing heat but no smoke and no CO2.
- The heat boils water; the steam spins a turbine; the generator sends electricity to the city.
- Years later, the used fuel is still dangerously radioactive and must be sealed away and guarded for millennia.
电站内部:
- 一个铀原子分裂——释放热量,但没有烟雾也没有CO2。
- 热量烧开水;蒸汽转动涡轮机;发电机把电送到城市。
- 数年后,用过的燃料仍然带有危险的放射性,必须密封起来并守卫数千年。
Nuclear power uses fission to split uranium atoms, releasing heat that boils water, spins a turbine, and generates electricity. Its advantage is steady, low-carbon dioxide power. Its drawbacks are long-lived radioactive waste, accident risk, and a nonrenewable, mined fuel.
核能用裂变分裂铀原子,释放的热量烧开水、转动涡轮机并发电。它的优势是稳定、低二氧化碳的电。它的缺点是长寿命的放射性废物、事故风险,以及一种不可再生的、开采的燃料。