Distribution of Natural Energy Resources · 自然能源资源的分布
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| Fossil fuels/ˈfɒsl ˈfjuːəlz/ | 化石燃料 | huà shí rán liào |
| Geothermal/ˌdʒiːəʊˈθɜːml/ | 地热能 | dì rè néng |
| Wind/wɪnd/ | 风能 | fēng néng |
| Solar/ˈsəʊlə/ | 太阳能 | tài yáng néng |
| Hydropower/ˈhaɪdrəpaʊə/ | 水力 | shuǐ lì |
| trade/treɪd/ | 贸易 | mào yì |
Resources are not spread evenly
- Nature did not share energy resources equally.
- One country sits on huge oil fields; its neighbour has none.
- A desert has fierce sun; a cloudy island has little.
- Where a resource is found shapes who can use it.
资源分布不均
- 大自然没有平等地分享能源资源。
- 一个国家坐在巨大的油田上;它的邻国一点也没有。
- 一个沙漠有猛烈的阳光;一个多云的岛屿几乎没有。
- 一种资源在哪里被发现,决定了谁能用它。
Geology decides the fuels
- Fossil fuels 化石燃料 form only in special underground conditions.
- Oil and gas sit trapped in certain rock formations.
- Coal formed where ancient swamps were buried.
- Geothermal 地热能 energy needs volcanic hot rock near the surface.
地质决定燃料
- 化石燃料(fossil fuels)只在特殊的地下条件下形成。
- 石油和天然气被困在某些岩石构造里。
- 煤形成于古代沼泽被埋藏的地方。
- 地热(geothermal)能需要靠近地表的火山热岩石。
Energy resources around the world are… · 世界各地的能源资源是……
Nature places resources unevenly — a country may be rich in oil but have little sunshine, or the reverse. · 大自然不均匀地放置资源——一个国家可能石油丰富但阳光很少,或反过来。
Climate decides sun and wind
- Solar 太阳能 power works best where skies are clear and sunny.
- Wind 风能 power works best on windy coasts and open plains.
- Hydropower 水力 needs rivers fed by rain and mountains.
- So climate and landscape decide where renewables pay off.
气候决定太阳和风
- 太阳能(solar)在天空晴朗、阳光充足的地方效果最好。
- 风能(wind)在多风的海岸和开阔的平原上效果最好。
- 水力(hydropower)需要由雨水和山脉供给的河流。
- 所以气候和地形决定可再生能源在哪里划算。
What does each resource depend on? · 每种资源依赖什么?
Sort each resource by whether its location depends on climate or on geology. · 按照每种资源的位置是取决于气候还是地质,给它们分类。
Geothermal energy is easiest to use in places with… · 地热能在有以下条件的地方最容易使用……
Geothermal works best where volcanic activity brings hot rock close to the surface, like Iceland. · 地热在火山活动把热岩石带到靠近地表的地方效果最好,比如冰岛。
Because resources are unevenly spread, countries ____ energy with each other (buy and sell). · 因为资源分布不均,国家之间互相____能源(买和卖)。
Uneven distribution drives global energy trade · 贸易 — oil-rich nations sell to sun-poor, oil-poor ones. · 不均匀的分布推动全球能源贸易——石油丰富的国家卖给阳光少、石油少的国家。
Uneven resources drive trade
- No country has a perfect mix of every resource.
- So countries trade 贸易 energy — selling what they have, buying what they lack.
- Oil-rich nations export; sun-rich nations could export solar power.
- This uneven map shapes economies and even politics.
不均匀的资源推动贸易
- 没有国家拥有每种资源的完美组合。
- 所以国家之间贸易(trade)能源——卖它们有的,买它们缺的。
- 石油丰富的国家出口;阳光丰富的国家可以出口太阳能电力。
- 这张不均匀的地图塑造经济甚至政治。
A sunny desert country has more solar potential than a cloudy northern one. · 一个阳光充足的沙漠国家比一个多云的北方国家有更多的太阳能潜力。
Solar potential depends on sunlight, so sunny places have far more of it than cloudy ones. · 太阳能潜力取决于阳光,所以阳光充足的地方比多云的地方多得多。
Select all · 所有 resources whose best location depends on geology. · 选出所有最佳位置取决于地质的资源。
Oil, coal, and geothermal depend on the right rocks and geology. Wind depends on climate. · 石油、煤和地热取决于合适的岩石和地质。风取决于气候。
Two different reasons put a resource in a place. Fossil fuels and geothermal depend on geology — the right rocks, set down over millions of years. Solar, wind, and hydro depend on climate and landscape — sun, wind, and rivers. Ask which kind you're dealing with before predicting where it's found.
两个不同的原因把一种资源放在一个地方。化石燃料和地热取决于地质——合适的岩石,历经数百万年沉积。太阳能、风能和水力取决于气候和地形——太阳、风和河流。在预测一种资源在哪里被发现之前,先问你面对的是哪一类。
Iceland vs a desert:
- Iceland sits on a volcanic hotspot, so hot rock is near the surface — it runs on geothermal and hydro, but gets little winter sun.
- A tropical desert has fierce sunshine all year — huge solar potential — but no volcanoes and little water.
- Each uses what its geology and climate happen to offer.
冰岛对比沙漠:
- 冰岛坐落在火山热点上,所以热岩石靠近地表——它靠地热和水力运转,但冬季阳光很少。
- 一个热带沙漠全年有猛烈的阳光——巨大的太阳能潜力——但没有火山,水也很少。
- 每个地方使用它的地质和气候恰好提供的东西。
Energy resources are spread unevenly across the world. Fossil fuels and geothermal energy depend on geology — the right rocks in the right place. Solar, wind, and hydropower depend on climate and landscape. Because no country has everything, uneven distribution drives global energy trade.
能源资源在世界各地分布不均。化石燃料和地热能取决于地质——合适的地方有合适的岩石。太阳能、风能和水力取决于气候和地形。因为没有国家拥有一切,不均匀的分布推动全球能源贸易。