Integrated Pest Management · 病虫害综合治理
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| Integrated pest management/ˈɪntɪɡreɪtɪd pest ˈmænɪdʒmənt/ | 病虫害综合治理 | bìng chóng hài zōng hé zhì lǐ |
A smarter way to fight pests
- Spraying pesticide on everything causes pollution and resistance.
- But letting pests destroy the crop is not an option either.
- Farmers need a balanced, thoughtful approach.
- That approach is integrated pest management, or IPM.
一种更聪明的对抗害虫方式
- 给一切喷洒农药会造成污染和抗性。
- 但让害虫摧毁作物也不是一个选项。
- 农民需要一种平衡、深思熟虑的途径。
- 那个途径就是病虫害综合治理,即 IPM。
Start by watching
- Integrated pest management 病虫害综合治理 combines many methods, not just chemicals.
- The first step is to monitor — count the pests before acting.
- Only if pest numbers rise past a set threshold do you step in.
- This avoids spraying when there is no real problem.
从观察开始
- 病虫害综合治理(integrated pest management)结合许多方法,不只是化学品。
- 第一步是监测——在行动前数害虫。
- 只有害虫数量超过一个设定的阈值,你才介入。
- 这避免了在没有真正问题时喷洒。
Integrated pest management (IPM) combines several methods to… · 病虫害综合治理(IPM)结合几种方法来……
IPM combines monitoring, prevention, and natural controls, using pesticides only as a last resort. · IPM 结合监测、预防和自然防治,只把农药作为最后手段。
Use nature first
- Before reaching for chemicals, IPM uses gentle methods.
- Crop rotation and healthy soil make crops harder to attack.
- Natural predators and parasites keep pest numbers down.
- These methods cause no pollution and build no resistance.
先用自然
- 在伸手去拿化学品之前,IPM 用温和的方法。
- 轮作和健康的土壤让作物更难被攻击。
- 天敌和寄生物把害虫数量压低。
- 这些方法不造成污染,也不产生抗性。
The steps of IPM · 病虫害综合治理的步骤
Step through IPM - monitor pests, use natural controls first, and spray only as a last resort. · 一步步走过病虫害综合治理——监测害虫,先用自然防治,只把喷药作为最后手段。
What is a key first step in IPM? · IPM 中一个关键的第一步是什么?
IPM starts by monitoring — you only act if pest numbers actually rise past a threshold. · IPM 从监测开始——只有害虫数量真的超过阈值,你才行动。
In IPM, chemical pesticides are used only as a ____ resort. · 在 IPM 中,化学农药只作为____手段使用。
Pesticides are the last resort in IPM, used sparingly only when other methods fail. · 农药是 IPM 中的最后手段,只在其他方法失败时少量使用。
Chemicals only as a last resort
- If natural methods are not enough, then and only then use a pesticide.
- Even then, use the smallest amount of a targeted chemical.
- This keeps pollution low and slows resistance from spreading.
- The result is effective pest control with far less chemical use.
化学品只作为最后手段
- 如果自然方法不够,那时、也只有那时才用农药。
- 即使那样,也用最少量的、有针对性的化学品。
- 这让污染保持低水平,减缓抗性传播。
- 结果是有效的病虫害控制,而化学品使用少得多。
IPM reduces pollution and slows the spread of pesticide resistance. · IPM 减少污染并减缓农药抗性的传播。
By using less pesticide, IPM lowers pollution and slows pests from evolving resistance. · 通过使用更少的农药,IPM 降低污染并减缓害虫进化出抗性。
Select all · 所有 true statements about IPM. · 选出关于 IPM 的所有正确说法。
IPM minimises pesticide use, not constant spraying. The other three are correct. · IPM 最小化农药使用,不是不断喷洒。其余三条正确。
The core idea of IPM is that pesticides are a last resort, not a first response. Reaching straight for the sprayer causes pollution and breeds resistance. IPM saves chemicals for when they are truly needed — after monitoring, prevention, and natural controls have been tried.
IPM 的核心想法是农药是最后手段,不是第一反应。径直去拿喷雾器会造成污染并培育抗性。IPM 把化学品留到真正需要时——在监测、预防和自然防治都尝试过之后。
IPM in an orchard:
- A grower checks the trees weekly and counts the pest insects.
- While numbers stay low, ladybirds and careful pruning keep them in check.
- Only if the pests suddenly surge does the grower use a small, targeted spray — protecting the fruit with a fraction of the chemicals.
果园里的 IPM:
- 一个种植者每周检查果树,数害虫昆虫。
- 只要数量保持低,瓢虫和仔细的修剪就把它们压住。
- 只有害虫突然激增,种植者才用一小份、有针对性的喷洒——用一小部分的化学品保护水果。
Integrated pest management (IPM) controls pests with minimal pesticide. It starts by monitoring pest numbers, then uses prevention and natural controls (crop rotation, natural predators) first. Chemical pesticides are a last resort, used sparingly. IPM cuts pollution and slows the spread of resistance.
病虫害综合治理(IPM)用最少的农药控制害虫。它从监测害虫数量开始,然后先用预防和自然防治(轮作、天敌)。化学农药是最后手段,少量使用。IPM 减少污染并减缓抗性的传播。