Plate Tectonics · 板块构造
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| plate tectonics/pleɪt tekˈtɒnɪks/ | 板块构造 | bǎn kuài gòu zào |
| tectonic plate/tekˈtɒnɪk pleɪt/ | 构造板块 | gòu zào bǎn kuài |
| convergent/kənˈvɜːdʒənt/ | 汇聚型 | huì jù xíng |
| divergent/daɪˈvɜːdʒənt/ | 离散型 | lí sàn xíng |
| transform/trænsˈfɔːm/ | 转换 | zhuǎn huàn |
The moving Earth
- The ground feels solid and still, but it is slowly moving.
- Earth's outer shell is cracked into giant pieces.
- These pieces drift over the hot, soft layer beneath.
- Their slow motion shapes mountains, oceans, and earthquakes.
移动的地球
- 地面感觉起来坚固而静止,但它在缓慢地移动。
- 地球的外壳裂成了巨大的块。
- 这些块在下面炽热、柔软的层上漂移。
- 它们缓慢的运动塑造着山脉、海洋和地震。
Plates on the move
- Plate tectonics 板块构造 is the idea that Earth's shell is broken into moving plates.
- Each tectonic plate 构造板块 carries continents and ocean floor.
- They move only centimetres a year — about as fast as your nails grow.
- Where their edges meet, dramatic things happen.
移动中的板块
- 板块构造(plate tectonics)是地球的外壳被分成移动板块的观点。
- 每个构造板块(tectonic plate)承载着大陆和洋底。
- 它们每年只移动几厘米——大约和你指甲长的一样快。
- 在它们的边缘相遇的地方,发生着戏剧性的事。
Plate tectonics is the idea that… · 板块构造是……的观点。
Plate tectonics: Earth's rigid outer shell is broken into tectonic plates that slowly move. · 板块构造:地球坚硬的外壳被分成缓慢移动的构造板块。
Three kinds of boundary
- At a convergent 汇聚型 boundary, plates push together — raising mountains or deep trenches.
- At a divergent 离散型 boundary, plates pull apart, and new crust forms in the gap.
- At a transform 转换 boundary, plates slide past each other.
- The type of boundary decides what landforms and hazards appear.
三种边界
- 在一个汇聚(convergent)边界,板块相互推挤——抬起山脉或深海沟。
- 在一个离散(divergent)边界,板块分开,新地壳在空隙中形成。
- 在一个转换(transform)边界,板块彼此滑过。
- 边界的类型决定出现什么地貌和灾害。
At a convergent boundary, plates… · 在一个汇聚边界,板块……
At a convergent boundary plates collide, raising mountains or forming deep trenches. · 在一个汇聚边界,板块碰撞,抬起山脉或形成深海沟。
Where plates move apart and new crust forms, the boundary is called . · 板块分开、新地壳形成的地方,边界叫做。
At a divergent boundary plates pull apart, and new crust rises to fill the gap. · 在一个离散边界,板块分开,新地壳上升填补空隙。
Boundaries and hazards
- Most earthquakes and volcanoes happen along plate boundaries.
- As plates grind past or under one another, stress builds and releases as quakes.
- Melting rock rises at boundaries to form volcanoes.
- This is why some regions face far more geologic hazards than others.
边界与灾害
- 大多数地震和火山发生在板块边界沿线。
- 当板块彼此碾磨或俯冲时,应力积累,并作为地震释放。
- 熔化的岩石在边界处上升,形成火山。
- 这就是为什么有些地区比其他地区面临多得多的地质灾害。
What kind of boundary? · 哪种边界?
Sort each event by the type of plate boundary that causes it - plates moving apart, together, or sliding past. · 按照引起它的板块边界类型——板块分开、聚合,还是滑过——给每个事件分类。
Earthquakes and volcanoes are common along plate boundaries. · 地震和火山在板块边界沿线很常见。
The grinding of plates at their boundaries causes most earthquakes and volcanoes. · 板块在它们边界处的碾磨造成大多数地震和火山。
Select all · 所有 true statements about plate tectonics. · 选出关于板块构造的所有正确说法。
Boundaries are where earthquakes and volcanoes cluster, not calm. The other three are correct. · 边界是地震和火山聚集的地方,不平静。其余三条正确。
Earthquakes and volcanoes are not random — they cluster along plate boundaries. The "Ring of Fire" around the Pacific is a chain of convergent boundaries, which is why that region has so many of the world's earthquakes and volcanoes.
地震和火山不是随机的——它们沿板块边界聚集。环太平洋的"火环"是一连串汇聚边界,这就是为什么那个地区有这么多世界上的地震和火山。
The Himalayas, still rising:
- The plate carrying India is pushing north into the plate carrying Asia.
- This convergent boundary crumples the crust upward.
- The collision built the Himalayas — and the mountains are still slowly rising today.
仍在上升的喜马拉雅山:
- 承载印度的板块正向北推入承载亚洲的板块。
- 这个汇聚边界把地壳向上挤皱。
- 这场碰撞造出了喜马拉雅山——而这些山今天仍在缓慢上升。
Plate tectonics is the theory that Earth's shell is broken into moving tectonic plates. Their boundaries come in three kinds: convergent (colliding, building mountains and trenches), divergent (spreading, making new crust), and transform (sliding past). Most earthquakes and volcanoes occur along these boundaries.
板块构造是地球的外壳被分成移动的构造板块的理论。它们的边界有三种:汇聚(碰撞,形成山脉和海沟)、离散(扩张,产生新地壳)和转换(滑过)。大多数地震和火山发生在这些边界沿线。