Carrying Capacity · 环境容纳量
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| carrying capacity/ˈkæriɪŋ kəˈpæsɪti/ | 环境容纳量 | huán jìng róng nà liàng |
| overshoot/ˌəʊvəˈʃuːt/ | 超出 | chāo chū |
How many can the land hold?
- No environment can support unlimited numbers of a species.
- Food, water, and space always run out eventually.
- There is a maximum population the environment can sustain.
- That maximum is called the carrying capacity.
这片土地能容纳多少?
- 没有环境能支持一个物种无限的数量。
- 食物、水和空间最终总会用尽。
- 有一个环境能维持的最大种群。
- 那个最大值叫做环境容纳量。
The carrying capacity
- The carrying capacity 环境容纳量 (K) is the largest population an environment can support long-term.
- It is set by limiting factors like food, water, and space.
- Below K, resources are plentiful and the population grows.
- At K, resources are just enough to hold the population steady.
环境容纳量
- 环境容纳量(carrying capacity)(K)是一个环境能长期支持的最大种群。
- 它由像食物、水和空间这样的限制因素设定。
- 在 K 以下,资源充足,种群增长。
- 在 K,资源刚好够把种群维持稳定。
The carrying capacity of an environment is… · 一个环境的环境容纳量是……
The carrying capacity (K) is the maximum population an environment can sustain with its resources. · 环境容纳量(K)是一个环境用它的资源能维持的最大种群。
Growth slows near K
- Far below K, a population grows fast.
- As it nears K, resources become scarce and growth slows.
- The population then levels off, holding near the carrying capacity.
- This produces the S-shaped logistic growth curve.
在 K 附近增长变慢
- 远在 K 以下,种群增长很快。
- 当它接近 K,资源变得稀缺,增长变慢。
- 种群随后趋平,保持在环境容纳量附近。
- 这产生 S 形的逻辑斯谛增长曲线。
Growth toward carrying capacity · 朝环境容纳量的增长
logistic growth to capacity K · 逻辑斯谛增长至环境容纳量 K
Growth is fast at first, then levels off at the carrying capacity as resources run low. · 增长起初快,然后随着资源耗尽在环境容纳量处趋平。
What happens to population growth as it nears the carrying capacity? · 当种群增长接近环境容纳量时会发生什么?
As resources run short near K, growth slows and the population levels off. · 当资源在 K 附近变得短缺,增长减慢,种群趋平。
Overshoot and dieback
- Sometimes a population grows past K — an overshoot 超出.
- Now there are too many individuals for the resources.
- Many then die off in a crash, called a dieback.
- The population falls back toward, or even below, the carrying capacity.
过冲与崩溃
- 有时一个种群增长超过 K——一次过冲(overshoot)。
- 现在个体太多,资源不够。
- 许多随后在一次崩溃中死去,叫做崩溃。
- 种群回落到环境容纳量附近,甚至更低。
When a population grows past its carrying capacity, it is said to ____ the capacity. · 当一个种群增长超过它的环境容纳量时,据说它____了容纳量。
An overshoot happens when a population briefly exceeds K; it then crashes back down (dieback). · 过冲发生在一个种群短暂地超过 K 时;它随后崩溃回落(崩溃)。
Food, water, and space are limiting factors that set the carrying capacity. · 食物、水和空间是设定环境容纳量的限制因素。
Limited resources like food and space determine how large a population an environment can hold. · 像食物和空间这样有限的资源决定一个环境能容纳多大的种群。
Select all · 所有 true statements about carrying capacity. · 选出关于环境容纳量的所有正确说法。
Carrying capacity is a limit, not unlimited. The other three are correct. · 环境容纳量是一个极限,不是无限的。其余三条正确。
Carrying capacity is not fixed forever. If resources increase (a good rainy year), K rises; if the habitat is damaged, K falls. And a population that overshoots K does not stay there — it crashes. Growing past the limit is always temporary and costly.
环境容纳量不是永远固定的。如果资源增加(一个雨水好的年份),K 上升;如果栖息地被破坏,K 下降。而一个过冲 K 的种群不会停在那里——它会崩溃。增长超过极限总是暂时且代价高昂的。
Deer on an island:
- Deer are introduced to an island rich in plants — their population booms.
- They overshoot the carrying capacity, eating the plants faster than they regrow.
- Food runs out and many deer starve — a dieback that drops the population back below K.
一座岛上的鹿:
- 鹿被引入一座植物丰富的岛——它们的种群暴增。
- 它们过冲了环境容纳量,吃植物的速度快于植物重新生长。
- 食物用尽,许多鹿饿死——一次崩溃,把种群降回 K 以下。
The carrying capacity (K) is the maximum population an environment can support long-term, set by limiting resources. Population growth slows and levels off near K (logistic growth). If a population overshoots K, it crashes back down in a dieback. K can rise or fall as resources change.
环境容纳量(K)是一个环境能长期支持的最大种群,由限制资源设定。种群增长在 K 附近减慢并趋平(逻辑斯谛增长)。如果一个种群过冲 K,它就在一次崩溃中回落。随着资源变化,K 可以上升或下降。