The Phosphorus Cycle · 磷循环
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| phosphate/ˈfɒsfeɪt/ | 磷酸盐 | lín suān yán |
| weathering/ˈweðərɪŋ/ | 风化 | fēng huà |
| sediment/ˈsedɪmənt/ | 沉积物 | chén jī wù |
The slow cycle
- Phosphorus is essential for DNA, cell membranes, and bones.
- But unlike carbon and nitrogen, it has no gas form.
- So it cannot travel through the air.
- Instead it moves slowly through rock, soil, water, and life.
缓慢的循环
- 磷对 DNA、细胞膜和骨骼是必需的。
- 但与碳和氮不同,它没有气体形态。
- 所以它不能通过空气传播。
- 相反,它缓慢地在岩石、土壤、水和生命之间移动。
Locked in rock
- Most of Earth's phosphorus is stored in rocks as phosphate.
- There is essentially no phosphorus in the atmosphere.
- This is the key difference from the carbon and nitrogen cycles.
- The rock store is huge but hard to reach.
锁在岩石里
- 地球上大部分磷作为磷酸盐储存在岩石里。
- 大气里基本没有磷。
- 这是与碳循环和氮循环的关键区别。
- 岩石储库很庞大,但难以触及。
How is the phosphorus cycle different from the carbon and nitrogen cycles? · 磷循环与碳循环和氮循环有什么不同?
Phosphorus has no gas phase — it cycles through rock, soil, water, and living things only. · 磷没有气相——它只在岩石、土壤、水和生物之间循环。
Where is most of Earth's phosphorus stored? · 地球上大部分磷储存在哪里?
Most phosphorus is locked in rocks as phosphate, released slowly by weathering. · 大部分磷作为磷酸盐锁在岩石里,由风化缓慢释放。
Weathering frees it slowly
- Weathering 风化 slowly breaks down rock over long ages.
- This releases phosphate 磷酸盐 into the soil and water.
- Plants absorb the phosphate through their roots.
- Because weathering is slow, phosphorus is often in short supply.
风化缓慢地释放它
- 风化(weathering)经过漫长岁月缓慢地分解岩石。
- 这把磷酸盐(phosphate)释放进土壤和水。
- 植物通过它们的根吸收磷酸盐。
- 因为风化很慢,磷常常供应短缺。
The phosphorus cycle · 磷循环
Step around the cycle - unlike carbon and nitrogen, phosphorus has no gas phase and moves very slowly. · 绕这个循环走——与碳和氮不同,磷没有气相,移动得非常慢。
The slow breakdown of rock that releases phosphate into soil is called . · 把磷酸盐释放进土壤的岩石缓慢分解叫做。
Weathering · 风化 slowly frees phosphate from rock so living things can use it. · 风化缓慢地把磷酸盐从岩石中释放出来,让生物能使用它。
Through life and back to sediment
- Plants use phosphorus to build DNA and membranes; it passes up the food chain.
- Decomposers return it to the soil when things die.
- Runoff carries phosphate to the sea, where it settles as sediment 沉积物.
- Over millions of years the sediment forms new rock, restarting the cycle.
通过生命再回到沉积物
- 植物用磷来构建 DNA 和膜;它沿食物链向上传递。
- 当东西死去,分解者把它还给土壤。
- 径流把磷酸盐带到海里,在那里作为沉积物(sediment)沉降。
- 经过数百万年,沉积物形成新岩石,重启循环。
The phosphorus cycle is much slower than the carbon or nitrogen cycles. · 磷循环比碳循环或氮循环慢得多。
With no fast gas phase, phosphorus cycles slowly through rock and sediment over long ages. · 没有快速的气相,磷经过漫长岁月在岩石和沉积物中缓慢循环。
Select all · 所有 true statements about the phosphorus cycle. · 选出关于磷循环的所有正确说法。
There is essentially no phosphorus in the air. The other three are correct. · 空气里基本没有磷。其余三条正确。
The phosphorus cycle has no gas phase — the single biggest way it differs from the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Because it moves only through rock, soil, and water, it is very slow, so phosphorus is often the nutrient that limits how much a plant can grow.
磷循环没有气相——这是它与碳循环和氮循环最大的区别。因为它只在岩石、土壤和水之间移动,它非常慢,所以磷常常是限制植物能长多少的养分。
Why fertiliser adds phosphorus:
- Natural weathering releases phosphate too slowly for fast-growing crops.
- Farmers mine phosphate rock and add it as fertiliser.
- This speeds up the slow cycle — but excess phosphate washing into rivers can cause serious pollution.
肥料为什么添加磷:
- 自然风化释放磷酸盐太慢,跟不上快速生长的作物。
- 农民开采磷酸盐岩石,作为肥料添加。
- 这加快了缓慢的循环——但过量的磷酸盐冲进河流会造成严重的污染。
The phosphorus cycle has no gas phase, so it moves slowly through rock, soil, water, and life. Most phosphorus is stored in rock as phosphate and released by weathering. Plants take it up, it passes through the food chain, and runoff returns it to ocean sediment that slowly becomes new rock.
磷循环没有气相,所以它缓慢地在岩石、土壤、水和生命之间移动。大部分磷作为磷酸盐储存在岩石里,由风化释放。植物吸收它,它通过食物链传递,径流把它还给海洋沉积物,沉积物缓慢地变成新岩石。