The Carbon Cycle · 碳循环
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| fossil fuels/ˈfɒsl ˈfjuːəlz/ | 化石燃料 | huà shí rán liào |
| photosynthesis/ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɪnθəsɪs/ | 光合作用 | guāng hé zuò yòng |
| respiration/ˌrespɪˈreɪʃn/ | 呼吸作用 | hū xī zuò yòng |
| combustion/kəmˈbʌstʃn/ | 燃烧 | rán shāo |
Carbon on the move
- Every living thing is built from carbon.
- That carbon is not made or destroyed — it is used over and over.
- It moves between the air, living things, oceans, and rocks.
- This endless journey is the carbon cycle.
移动中的碳
- 每个生物都由碳构成。
- 那些碳不会被制造或摧毁——它被一遍又一遍地使用。
- 它在空气、生物、海洋和岩石之间移动。
- 这段无尽的旅程就是碳循环。
Plants pull carbon in
- Carbon sits in the air as carbon dioxide gas.
- Through photosynthesis 光合作用, plants take in CO2.
- They lock the carbon into sugars and their own bodies.
- This removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
植物把碳吸进来
- 碳作为二氧化碳气体待在空气里。
- 通过光合作用(photosynthesis),植物吸入 CO2。
- 它们把碳锁进糖和它们自己的身体里。
- 这从大气中移除二氧化碳。
Which process removes carbon dioxide from the air? · 哪个过程从空气中移除二氧化碳?
Photosynthesis · 光合作用 takes CO2 out of the air and stores the carbon in plants. · 光合作用把 CO2 从空气中取出,并把碳储存在植物里。
Life sends carbon back
- Animals eat plants, passing the carbon along the food chain.
- Through respiration 呼吸作用, living things release CO2 back into the air.
- When things die, decomposers break them down, releasing more.
- So carbon flows out of living things as well as in.
生命把碳送回去
- 动物吃植物,把碳沿食物链传递。
- 通过呼吸作用(respiration),生物把 CO2 释放回空气。
- 当东西死去,分解者把它们分解,释放更多。
- 所以碳既流入生物,也流出生物。
The carbon cycle · 碳循环
Step around the cycle - carbon moves between the air, living things, and fossil fuels. · 绕这个循环走——碳在空气、生物和化石燃料之间移动。
Which process returns · 返回值 carbon dioxide to the air? · 哪个过程把二氧化碳还给空气?
Respiration · 呼吸作用 (and combustion) release CO2 back into the atmosphere. · 呼吸作用(和燃烧)把 CO2 释放回大气。
Carbon locked away for millions of years in coal, oil, and gas is stored as ____ fuels. · 在煤、石油和天然气里被锁存数百万年的碳,储存为____燃料。
Coal, oil and gas are fossil fuels — ancient carbon that combustion releases as CO2. · 煤、石油和天然气是化石燃料——古老的碳,燃烧把它作为 CO2 释放。
Burning releases stored carbon
- Some carbon gets buried and, over millions of years, becomes fossil fuels 化石燃料.
- Combustion 燃烧 — burning wood or fossil fuels — releases that carbon as CO2.
- Nature's burning was slow and balanced.
- Humans now burn fossil fuels fast, adding extra CO2 to the air.
燃烧释放储存的碳
- 一些碳被埋藏,经过数百万年,变成化石燃料(fossil fuels)。
- 燃烧(combustion)——烧木材或化石燃料——把那些碳作为 CO2 释放。
- 大自然的燃烧是缓慢而平衡的。
- 人类现在快速地燃烧化石燃料,给空气增加额外的 CO2。
Burning fossil fuels adds extra carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. · 燃烧化石燃料给大气增加额外的二氧化碳。
Combustion of fossil fuels releases long-stored carbon, raising atmospheric CO2. · 化石燃料的燃烧释放长期储存的碳,提高大气 CO2。
Select all · 所有 true statements about the carbon cycle. · 选出关于碳循环的所有正确说法。
Carbon constantly cycles between the air and living things. The other three are correct. · 碳不断地在空气和生物之间循环。其余三条正确。
The natural carbon cycle is roughly balanced — photosynthesis removes about as much CO2 as respiration adds. Burning fossil fuels breaks that balance by releasing carbon that was locked away for millions of years, raising atmospheric CO2 far faster than nature removes it.
自然的碳循环大致是平衡的——光合作用移除的 CO2 和呼吸作用增加的差不多。燃烧化石燃料打破了那个平衡,释放被锁存了数百万年的碳,提高大气 CO2 的速度远快于大自然移除它的速度。
Follow one carbon atom:
- It starts as CO2 in the air.
- A tree takes it in by photosynthesis and builds it into wood.
- Years later the wood is burned; combustion sends the carbon straight back to the air as CO2 — one loop of the cycle.
跟随一个碳原子:
- 它作为空气中的 CO2 开始。
- 一棵树通过光合作用把它吸入,把它构建进木材。
- 多年后木材被烧掉;燃烧把碳直接作为 CO2 送回空气——循环的一圈。
The carbon cycle moves carbon between the air, living things, and fossil fuels. Photosynthesis removes CO2 from the air; respiration and combustion return it. Carbon buried as fossil fuels is released when we burn them — adding extra CO2 and unbalancing the natural cycle.
碳循环在空气、生物和化石燃料之间移动碳。光合作用从空气中移除 CO2;呼吸作用和燃烧把它还回去。作为化石燃料埋藏的碳,在我们燃烧它们时被释放——增加额外的 CO2 并打破自然循环的平衡。