Terrestrial Biomes · 陆地生物群系
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| climate/ˈklaɪmət/ | 气候 | qì hòu |
| biome/ˈbaɪəʊm/ | 生物群系 | shēng wù qún xì |
| terrestrial/təˈrestrɪəl/ | 陆地的 | lù dì de |
| tundra/ˈtʌndrə/ | 苔原 | tái yuán |
| taiga/ˈteɪɡə/ | 泰加林 | tài jiā lín |
The great regions of life
- Fly across a continent and the landscape changes: forest, then grassland, then desert.
- Each of these broad zones has its own climate and its own kinds of life.
- These large life-zones are called biomes.
- Climate decides which biome you find where.
生命的大区域
- 飞越一个大陆,地貌会变化:森林,然后草原,然后沙漠。
- 这些宽阔的地带每一个都有它自己的气候和它自己的生物种类。
- 这些大的生命地带叫做生物群系。
- 气候决定你在哪里找到哪个生物群系。
What a biome is
- A biome 生物群系 is a large region defined by its climate and characteristic life.
- All rainforests share a similar look and similar kinds of species.
- Terrestrial 陆地的 biomes are the land-based ones.
- Each biome is a patchwork of many ecosystems that share a climate.
什么是生物群系
- 生物群系(biome)是一个由气候和特有生物定义的大区域。
- 所有的雨林都有相似的外观和相似的物种种类。
- 陆地的(terrestrial)生物群系是基于陆地的那些。
- 每个生物群系是许多共享一种气候的生态系统拼成的。
A biome is… · 生物群系是……
A biome is a large area with a distinctive climate and the plants and animals adapted to it. · 生物群系是一个有独特气候、以及适应它的植物和动物的大区域。
Climate shapes the biome
- Two factors mainly decide a terrestrial biome: temperature and rainfall.
- Warm and wet gives tropical rainforest; warm and dry gives desert.
- Cold regions give tundra or taiga (boreal forest).
- Climate 气候 is the long-term pattern that sets the stage for life.
气候塑造生物群系
- 两个因素主要决定一个陆地生物群系:温度和降雨。
- 温暖潮湿给出热带雨林;温暖干燥给出沙漠。
- 寒冷的区域给出苔原或泰加林(北方森林)。
- 气候(climate)是设定生命舞台的长期模式。
Which two factors mainly determine a terrestrial biome? · 主要决定一个陆地生物群系的是哪两个因素?
Climate — mainly temperature and rainfall — decides which biome forms in a region. · 气候——主要是温度和降雨——决定一个区域形成哪个生物群系。
The cold, treeless biome with frozen ground for much of the year is the . · 一年大部分时间地面冻结、没有树的寒冷生物群系是。
The tundra is cold and treeless, with permanently frozen ground (permafrost) below the surface. · 苔原寒冷、没有树,表面下有永久冻结的地面(永久冻土)。
A tour of the biomes
- Tropical rainforest: hot, wet, and bursting with species.
- Desert: hot days, cold nights, almost no rain.
- Grassland: seasonal rain, dominated by grasses.
- Tundra 苔原 and taiga 泰加林: cold biomes with frozen ground or conifer forests.
生物群系巡礼
- 热带雨林:炎热、潮湿、充满物种。
- 沙漠:白天热、夜晚冷、几乎没有雨。
- 草原:季节性降雨,由草主导。
- 苔原(tundra)和泰加林(taiga):地面冻结或有泰加林的寒冷生物群系。
Match the biome to its climate · 把生物群系与它的气候配对
Sort each terrestrial biome by the temperature and rainfall that define it. · 按照定义每个陆地生物群系的温度和降雨,给它们分类。
The same climate tends to produce a similar biome, even on different continents. · 相同的气候倾向于产生相似的生物群系,即使在不同的大陆上。
Similar climates give similar biomes worldwide — deserts look alike whether in Africa or America. · 相似的气候在世界各地给出相似的生物群系——无论在非洲还是美洲,沙漠都很相像。
Select all · 所有 true statements about terrestrial biomes. · 选出关于陆地生物群系的所有正确说法。
A biome is a whole region with many species, not one species. The other three are correct. · 一个生物群系是有许多物种的整个区域,不是一个物种。其余三条正确。
The same climate produces the same biome, even on far-apart continents. A desert in Africa and a desert in Australia look alike because the climate, not the location, defines the biome. Match by temperature and rainfall, not by map position.
相同的气候产生相同的生物群系,即使在相距很远的大陆上。非洲的沙漠和澳大利亚的沙漠很相像,因为定义生物群系的是气候,而不是位置。按温度和降雨来配对,而不是按地图位置。
Why rainforests cluster near the equator:
- Near the equator, sunlight is strong all year and rainfall is heavy.
- That hot, wet climate favours fast-growing, broad-leaved trees.
- So tropical rainforest appears in a band around the equator — in South America, Africa, and Asia alike.
雨林为什么聚集在赤道附近:
- 在赤道附近,阳光全年强烈、降雨充沛。
- 那种炎热、潮湿的气候有利于快速生长的阔叶树。
- 所以热带雨林出现在赤道周围的一条带里——在南美、非洲和亚洲都一样。
A biome is a large region defined by its climate and characteristic life. Terrestrial biomes — rainforest, desert, grassland, tundra, taiga — are set mainly by temperature and rainfall. The same climate produces a similar biome anywhere on Earth.
生物群系是一个由气候和特有生物定义的大区域。陆地生物群系——雨林、沙漠、草原、苔原、泰加林——主要由温度和降雨设定。相同的气候在地球上任何地方都产生相似的生物群系。