Motif · 母题
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| A motif/ə məʊˈtiːf/ | 母题 | mǔ tí |
Repetition alone is not enough
- A motif 母题 is a unified pattern of recurring objects or images used to emphasize a significant idea in large parts of or throughout a text.
- Four conditions, all doing work: unified, recurring, emphasizing a significant idea, across large parts of the text.
- A repeated image that fails any one of them is a repetition, not a motif.
One red scarf is an accessory; the fifth red scarf may be asking you to notice a pattern.
只有重复还不够
- 母题(motif)是由反复出现的物体或意象构成的统一模式,用以在文本的大部分或全篇中强调某一重要观念。
- 四个条件,都在起作用:统一、反复出现、强调某一重要观念,并遍及文本的大部分。
- 缺了其中任何一条的重复意象,只是重复,不是母题。
一条红围巾只是配饰；第五条红围巾恐怕在提醒你注意规律。
Select all · 所有 the conditions the CED places on a motif. · 选出 CED 为母题设定的所有条件。
It must also run across large parts of or throughout the text. · 它还必须遍及文本的大部分或全篇。
Unified is the condition students skip
- Unified means the recurrences belong to one pattern, not merely to one word.
- Keys, locks, a shut door and a lost latch form a unified pattern; keys appearing in three unrelated senses do not.
- So show the join, exactly as with imagery in unit 5.
"统一"是学生跳过的那个条件
- "统一"意味着这些反复属于同一个模式,而不只是属于同一个词。
- 钥匙、锁、一扇关上的门、一个丢失的门闩,构成一个统一的模式;而"钥匙"在三种互不相关的意义上出现,则不构成。
- 因此要说明那个连接点,正如第五单元的意象一样。
What distinguishes a motif from a symbol is... · 把母题与象征区分开的是……
A symbol can be one object in one scene. · 象征可以是某一场戏里的一件物品。
Scale distinguishes a motif from a symbol
- A symbol can be one object in one scene; a motif must run through large parts of or throughout the text.
- So evidence for a motif has to be spread, and three widely separated instances usually suffice.
- Two adjacent mentions are a repetition; two hundred pages apart they are a pattern.
规模把母题与象征区分开
- 象征可以是某一场戏里的一件物品;母题则必须贯穿文本的大部分或全篇。
- 因此母题的证据必须是分散的,通常三个相隔较远的实例就够了。
- 相邻的两次提及是重复;相隔两百页的两次则是模式。
Watch repetition build a symbol · 看重复如何造出象征
Nothing is a symbol on its first appearance — quote the recurrences. · 任何事物首次出现时都还不是象征——要引用它的复现。
"Unified" means the recurrences belong to one ____, not merely to one word. · "统一"意味着这些反复属于同一个 ____,而不只是属于同一个词。
So show the join, exactly as with imagery. · 因此要说明那个连接点,正如处理意象时一样。
A repeated object is not automatically a motif. The CED requires the pattern to be unified, to recur across large parts of or throughout the text, and to emphasize a significant idea. A word appearing three times in one chapter meets none of the three.
反复出现的物体并不自动就是母题。CED 要求这一模式是统一的,遍及文本的大部分或全篇,并强调某一重要观念。一个词在同一章里出现三次,三个条件一个也不满足。
"The motif of keys" is a complete motif analysis. · "钥匙的母题"就是一次完整的母题分析。
The CED requires the pattern to emphasize a significant idea — name it. · CED 要求这一模式强调某一重要观念——把它说出来。
Name the significant idea
- The CED requires the pattern to emphasize a significant idea — so an unnamed idea means an unfinished analysis.
- The motif of keys stops at the pattern; the motif of keys emphasises who has the right to enter names the idea.
- The idea, not the object, is what the essay is about.
说出那个重要观念
- CED 要求这一模式强调某一重要观念——因此观念没有被说出,分析就没有完成。
- 钥匙的母题止步于模式;钥匙的母题强调谁有权进入才说出了那个观念。
- 文章要写的是那个观念,不是那件物品。
Put the motif pass in order. · 把母题检查排序。
The last step is what the CED's definition actually requires. · 最后一步,才是 CED 的定义真正要求的。
A motif pass
- List the recurrences and check they are spread across large parts of the text.
- Show what unifies them into one pattern.
- Then name the significant idea the pattern emphasises.
母题检查
- 列出这些反复出现之处,并检查它们是否遍及文本的大部分。
- 说明是什么把它们统一为一个模式。
- 然后说出这一模式所强调的那个重要观念。
Keys in chapter two, a lock changed in chapter fourteen, a door left open at the end. Unified: all three are about access. Spread: across the whole book. Significant idea: who has the right to enter this family — which is the question the plot never asks aloud.
第二章的钥匙、第十四章换掉的锁、结尾处敞着的一扇门。统一:三者都关乎进入的权利。分布:遍及全书。重要观念:谁有权进入这个家庭——而这正是情节从未大声问出的那个问题。
A motif is a unified pattern of recurring objects or images used to emphasize a significant idea in large parts of or throughout a text. Unified (show the join) and spread (large parts) are the conditions students skip — and the analysis must name the significant idea, not just the pattern.
母题是由反复出现的物体或意象构成的统一模式,用以在文本的大部分或全篇中强调某一重要观念。 统一(要说明连接点)与分布(大部分)是学生会跳过的条件——而分析必须说出那个重要观念,不能只说出模式。