Images and Imagery · 意象与意象群
An image can be literal
- An image can be literal, or it can be a form of comparison that represents something in a text through associations with the senses.
- So an image is not automatically a metaphor.
- A described room is an image; so is a room used to stand for something else.
A red chair can simply be furniture; not every object is secretly applying for a symbolic role.
意象可以是字面的
- 意象可以是字面的,也可以是一种通过感官联想来表征文本中某物的比喻形式。
- 因此意象并不自动就是隐喻。
- 一间被描写的屋子是意象;一间用来代表别的东西的屋子也是。
红椅子可以就只是一件家具；不是每样东西都在暗中申请当象征。
An image is always a form of comparison. · 意象总是某种形式的比较。
The CED says an image can be literal, or a comparison working through the senses. · CED指出，意象可以是字面的，也可以是通过感官运作的比较。
Sensory imagery comes from description
- Descriptive words, such as adjectives and adverbs, contribute to sensory imagery.
- The senses are the mechanism: sight, sound, touch, taste, smell.
- Naming which sense an image works through is a concrete first move that always has evidence behind it.
感官意象来自描写
- 描述性词语,如形容词与副词,构成感官意象。
- 感官是其机制:视觉、听觉、触觉、味觉、嗅觉。
- 说出一个意象通过哪一种感官起作用,是一个具体的第一步,而且背后永远有证据。
Imagery, in the CED's usage, means... · 在CED的用法中，意象指的是……
It names the pattern, not one picture. · 它命名的是模式，而非单一画面。
Imagery is a collection
- A collection of images, known as imagery, may emphasize ideas in parts of or throughout a text.
- So imagery is a plural noun in the CED's usage — it names the pattern, not one picture.
- Analysing imagery therefore means showing that several images belong together.
意象群是一个集合
- 意象的集合,即意象群,可以强调文本某些部分或全篇中的观念。
- 因此在 CED 的用法中,"意象群"是复数概念——它指的是那个模式,而不是某一幅画面。
- 因此分析意象群,就意味着说明若干意象是属于一起的。
One image, a joined group, or an unjoined list? · 单个意象、一个组合群体，还是一个未连接的列表？
Sort each set by whether it is imagery in the CED's sense. · 根据CED的定义，判断每组是否属于意象。
Select all · 所有 the things that contribute to sensory imagery. · 选择所有有助于构建感官意象的因素。
The CED names adjectives and adverbs as examples of descriptive words. · CED将形容词和副词作为描述性词语的例子。
Imagery is a collection, so three unrelated images are not imagery. The CED calls it a collection of images that emphasizes ideas — which means the analysis has to show what joins them. A list of vivid pictures with nothing in common is a list.
意象群是一个集合,因此三个互不相关的意象并不构成意象群。CED 称它为强调观念的"意象的集合"——这意味着分析必须说明是什么把它们连在一起。一份彼此毫无共同点的生动画面清单,就只是清单。
Three images are a pattern only if something ____ them. · 只有当某物____三个意象时，它们才构成一种模式。
A shared sense, a shared field, or a shared source. · 共同的感知、共同的领域，或是共同的来源。
Show why the images belong together
- Three images are a pattern only if something joins them: the same sense, the same field, the same source.
- Salt, tide, rope, rust belong together; salt, birdsong, brick probably do not.
- Naming the join is what makes it imagery rather than a list.
说明这些意象为何属于一起
- 三个意象只有在有某种东西把它们连起来时,才构成模式:同一种感官、同一个领域、同一个来源。
- 盐、潮水、绳索、锈是属于一起的;盐、鸟鸣、砖大概不是。
- 点出那个连接点,才使它成为意象群而不是一份清单。
Put the imagery pass in order. · 按顺序排列意象分析段落。
Grouping before naming is what keeps you from asserting a pattern that is not there. · 先分组再命名，可防止你断言并不存在的模式。
An imagery pass
- List the images and mark which sense each works through.
- Group any that share a sense, a field or a source.
- Name the idea the group emphasises, and where in the text it operates.
意象检查
- 列出这些意象,并标出各自通过哪种感官起作用。
- 把共享同一感官、领域或来源的归为一组。
- 说出这一组所强调的观念,以及它在文本中的哪个部位起作用。
Salt, tide, rope, rust. Four images, joined by a single field — the sea, and specifically what the sea does to things left near it. Together they emphasise an idea no one of them carries alone: that staying is itself a form of damage.
*盐、潮水、绳索、锈。*四个意象,由同一个领域连在一起——海,更确切地说,是海对留在它近旁之物所做的事。它们合在一起强调了一个任何单独一个都承载不了的观念:留下本身就是一种损耗。
An image can be literal or a sensory comparison. Descriptive words contribute to sensory imagery — name the sense. Imagery is a collection of images that emphasizes ideas, so the analysis must show what joins them: a shared sense, field or source.
意象可以是字面的,也可以是感官性的比喻。 描述性词语构成感官意象——要说出是哪种感官。意象群是强调观念的意象集合,因此分析必须说明是什么把它们连接起来:共享的感官、领域或来源。