Narrators Who Address You · 直接面向读者的叙述者
A narrator can speak to the reader
- Narrators may function as characters in the narrative who directly address readers.
- You will think me foolish for what follows is not description — it is an approach.
- The moment a narrator addresses you, you are inside the text as someone with a role.
When a narrator says “You will judge me,” the reader has been promoted from audience to jury.
叙述者可以对读者说话
- 叙述者可以作为叙事中的人物,直接向读者说话。
- 接下来的事,你会觉得我糊涂不是描写——而是一次靠近。
- 叙述者向你说话的那一刻,你就作为一个有角色的人置身文本之中了。
叙述者说“你会评判我”，读者就从观众被提拔成陪审员了。
Recalling or describing as they occur
- Such narrators either recall events or describe them as they occur.
- A narrator recalling knows the ending, and every sentence is coloured by it.
- A narrator describing as events occur does not, and can be surprised in front of you.
回忆,还是随发生而描述
- 这类叙述者要么回忆事件,要么随其发生而描述。
- 回忆的叙述者知道结局,而每一句话都被它染上颜色。
- 随事件发生而描述的叙述者并不知道,可以在你面前露出惊讶。
Select all · 所有 the ways such narrators handle events, per the CED. · 根据CED，选择 所有 此类叙述者处理事件的方式。
The CED names exactly those two. · CED 明确指出了这两个。
Telling the two apart
- Look for hindsight: I did not know then, it would be three years before.
- Look for its absence: a narrator who reports a knock at the door with no comment does not yet know who is there.
- One sentence is usually enough to settle it, and it changes every reading afterwards.
把两者区分开
- 找出事后之见:我当时并不知道、要过三年才。
- 找出它的缺席:报告了敲门声却不加评论的叙述者,此刻还不知道门外是谁。
- 通常一句话就足以定性,而它会改变此后的每一次解读。
Recall, in-the-moment, or direct address? · 回忆、当下时刻，还是直接 addressed？
Sort each sentence by what it shows about the narration. · 根据每个句子展示的叙述特点对其分类。
"I did not know then" shows the narration is... · “我当时并不知道”表明叙述是……
The narrator knows the outcome and is writing from after it. · 叙述者知道结局，并是在事后写下的。
A recalling narrator knows the ending, and it colours every sentence. Reading their early judgements as innocent observation misses that they were written by someone who already knows how it turned out — which is often the whole irony of the story.
**回忆的叙述者知道结局,而这为每一句话染上颜色。**把他们早期的评判当作天真的观察来读,就错过了这些句子是由一个已经知道结果的人写下的——而这往往正是这个故事的全部反讽所在。
A direct address usually asks the reader for sympathy, judgement, ____, or permission. · 直接呼告通常是为了向读者寻求同情、评判、____或许可。
A narrator who keeps asking for sympathy expects to need it. · 一个不断寻求同情的叙述者暗示他需要这种同情。
Why direct address is used
- Addressing the reader asks for something: sympathy, judgement, complicity, or permission to continue.
- Ask what this narrator is asking you for.
- A narrator who keeps asking for sympathy is usually a narrator who expects to need it.
为什么使用直接向读者说话
- 向读者说话是在索取某种东西:同情、评判、共谋,或继续下去的许可。
- 问这位叙述者在向你索取什么。
- 不断索取同情的叙述者,通常是一位预料自己会需要同情的叙述者。
A recalling narrator's early judgements can be read as innocent observation. · 回忆性叙述者的早期判断可以被解读为天真的观察。
They were written by someone who already knows how it turned out. · 它们是由已经知道结局的人写下的。
Match each sentence to what it reveals. · 将每个句子与其揭示的内容匹配。
One sentence often settles the whole reading that follows. · 一个句子往往决定了后续整段阅读的方向。
A narrator-as-character pass
- Does the narrator address the reader? Quote the moment.
- Is the narration recall or in-the-moment? Quote the sentence that settles it.
- What is the narrator asking the reader for at that point?
叙述者作为人物的检查
- 叙述者是否向读者说话?引出那一刻。
- 这段叙述是回忆还是当下?引出定性的那一句。
- 在那一处,叙述者在向读者索取什么?
"You would have done the same, and I ask you to remember that." The narrator addresses the reader, asks for complicity rather than sympathy, and — with would have — reveals that the events are being recalled from a position where their outcome is already known.
*"换了你也会这么做,我请你记住这一点。"*叙述者向读者说话,索取的是共谋而不是同情,并且——通过"也会"——透露出这些事件是从一个已知其结果的位置被回忆的。
Narrators may function as characters who directly address readers, and they either recall events or describe them as they occur. Hindsight markers settle which. Ask what the direct address is asking the reader for — sympathy, judgement, complicity, or permission.
叙述者可以作为人物直接向读者说话,而且他们要么回忆事件,要么随其发生而描述。事后之见的标记可以定性。要问这次直接说话是在向读者索取什么——同情、评判、共谋,还是许可。