Organisational structure · 组织结构
| English | 中文 | Pinyin · 拼音 |
|---|---|---|
| organisational structure/ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃənl ˈstrʌktʃə/ | 组织结构 | zǔ zhī jié gòu |
| organisation chart/ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn tʃɑːt/ | 组织结构图 | zǔ zhī jié gòu tú |
| hierarchy/ˈhaɪərɑːki/ | 层级 | céng jí |
| chain of command/tʃeɪn ɒv kəˈmænd/ | 指挥链 | zhǐ huī liàn |
| span of control/spæn ɒv kənˈtrəʊl/ | 管理幅度 | guǎn lǐ fú dù |
| subordinates/sʌˈbɔːdɪnəts/ | 下属 | xià shǔ |
| tall/tɔːl/ | 高耸型 | gāo sǒng xíng |
| flat/flæt/ | 扁平型 | biǎn píng xíng |
| empowerment/emˈpaʊəmənt/ | 授权 | shòu quán |
Who reports to whom
- As a business grows past a handful of people, someone has to decide who does what and who answers to whom.
- That map of roles and reporting lines is the organisational structure 组织结构.
谁向谁汇报
- 随着一个企业增长超过少数几个人,某人必须决定谁做什么以及谁对谁负责。
- 那张角色和汇报线的地图是组织结构(organisational structure)。
Choose the ownership form · 选择所有权形式
Compare ownership, control and liability in real business types. · 比较真实企业类型中的所有制权、控制权和责任。
A diagram showing roles and reporting lines is an organisation . · 显示角色和汇报关系的图表是组织。
The org chart shows hierarchy and the chain of command. · 组织图显示了层级和指挥链。
The organisation chart 组织结构图
- An organisation chart shows roles, levels of hierarchy 层级, and reporting lines.
- It makes responsibility and the chain of command 指挥链 clear.
Each level reports to the one above; authority flows down the chain of command.
组织结构图
- 一张组织结构图(organisation chart)显示角色、层级数(levels of hierarchy)和汇报线。
- 它使责任和指挥链(chain of command)清晰。
每个层级向上面的那个汇报;权力沿指挥链向下流动。
The span of control is: · 管理幅度是：
Span of control = direct subordinates per manager. · 管理幅度 = 每位经理的直接下属数。
The chain of command is: · 指挥链是：
It is the line down which authority flows. · 这是权威流动的纵向线路。
Span of control 管理幅度 and chain of command
- Span of control: the number of subordinates 下属 a manager directly oversees.
- Chain of command: the line of authority from top to bottom.
- A wide span means fewer levels; a narrow span means more.
管理幅度与指挥链
- 管理幅度(span of control):一个经理直接监督的下属数量。
- 指挥链(chain of command):从顶部到底部的权力线。
- 一个宽的幅度意味着更少的层级;一个窄的幅度意味着更多。
A tall organisational structure tends to have: · 高耸型组织结构通常具有：
Tall structures have many levels and narrow spans. · 高耸型结构具有许多层级和窄幅管理跨度。
Widening spans of control tends to make a structure flatter. · 扩大管理跨度倾向于使结构变得扁平化。
Wider spans reduce the number of levels. · 更宽的跨度减少了层级数量。
Tall 高耸型 vs flat 扁平型 structures
- Tall: many levels, narrow spans — tight control, but slow communication.
- Flat: few levels, wide spans — fast communication and empowerment 授权, but managers stretched.
Tall structures have many levels and narrow spans; flat structures have few levels and wide spans
Wide span ↔ flat structure. Widening spans of control reduces the number of levels (flatter); narrowing them adds levels (taller). The two ideas are linked, not independent.
高耸对扁平结构
- 高耸(tall):许多层级、窄幅度——严密的控制,但缓慢的沟通。
- 扁平(flat):少层级、宽幅度——快速的沟通和授权,但经理被拉伸。
高耸结构有许多层级和窄幅度;扁平结构有少层级和宽幅度
宽幅度 ↔ 扁平结构。 加宽管理幅度减少层级数量(更扁平);收窄它们增加层级(更高耸)。这两个想法是联系的,不是独立的。
You've got it
- an organisation chart shows hierarchy, roles and the chain of command
- span of control = subordinates per manager; wide span → flatter structure
- tall = tight control, slow; flat = fast, empowering, but stretches managers
你掌握了
- 一张组织结构图显示层级、角色和指挥链
- 管理幅度 = 每个经理的下属;宽幅度 → 更扁平的结构
- 高耸 = 严密控制、慢;扁平 = 快、授权,但拉伸经理