Moving around
Linux & the command line Lesson 2 2:08 English narration · English + 中文 subtitles burned in
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Transcript
Folders — Linux calls them directories — hold files and other folders, and the whole lot is one tree.
文件夹——Linux 叫它们目录——装着文件和其他文件夹，而这一整套是一棵树。
A single slash at the top is the root, and there is nothing above it.
最顶上一个斜杠是根，而它上面什么都没有。
Somewhere inside is your own folder, your home, written as a tilde.
在某个地方是你自己的文件夹，你的家目录，写作一个波浪号。
And the indentation here is what inside looks like: work is inside documents, which is inside student.
而这里的缩进就是"在里面"的样子： work 在 documents 里面，documents 在 student 里面。
Two commands do the walking.
有两条命令负责走路。
You start at home.
你从家目录开始。
Type l s and the shell lists what is here — documents and hello dot t x t.
敲 ls，shell 列出这里有什么——documents 和 hello.txt。
Type c d documents and now you are inside it: the tree has not changed, you have moved.
敲 cd documents，现在你就在它里面了： 树没有变，是你移动了。
Not sure where you ended up?
不确定自己走到哪里了？
Check with p w d, any time.
随时用 pwd 查一下。
Three shortcuts will save you more typing than anything else in this course.
有三个快捷写法，能替你省下比这门课里任何东西都多的敲字。
C d dot dot goes up one level, to the parent folder.
cd .. 上一层，回到父目录。
C d on its own, or c d tilde, takes you straight back home from anywhere.
单独一个 cd，或者 cd ~，从任何地方直接把你带回家目录。
And c d minus takes you back to where you just were, which is perfect for hopping between two folders.
而 cd - 把你带回你刚才所在的地方， 在两个文件夹之间来回跳的时候特别好用。
A path can be written two ways, and one character tells them apart.
路径有两种写法，而一个字符就能把它们区分开。
Documents slash work is relative: it means "from where I am standing now".
documents/work 是相对路径：意思是"从我现在站的地方算起"。
A path that starts at the root, with a leading slash, is absolute: it means the same thing from anywhere on the machine.
而一条以斜杠开头、从根开始的路径是绝对路径： 在这台机器上的任何地方，它的意思都一样。
A relative path means something different depending on where you stand; an absolute one never does.
相对路径的含义取决于你站在哪里；绝对路径永远不会。
Four things to take with you.
带走四点。
One: the filesystem is one tree, rooted at a slash.
第一：文件系统是一棵树，根是一个斜杠。
Two: l s lists this folder and c d moves you into one.
第二：ls 列出当前文件夹，cd 让你进入某一个。
Three: c d dot dot goes up, and c d on its own goes home.
第三：cd .. 向上，而单独的 cd 回家。
Four: a path starting with a slash is absolute.
第四：以斜杠开头的路径是绝对路径。
Now type the tasks into the terminal below.
现在把下面那些题目敲进终端里。