Craft and Structure
| English | 中文 | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|
| contrast/ˈkɒntræst/ | 对比 | duì bǐ |
| qualify/ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/ | 限定 | xiàn dìng |
A decision before an answer
- Two researchers describe the same result: one calls it promising, the other calls it preliminary. They need not disagree about the numbers.
- Your goal: Determine words in context.
Read the relationship
- Replace a tested word with your own plain phrase before viewing options. The sentence controls the meaning.
- Analyse text structure and purpose.
A result is described as tentative. This most nearly means:
Tentative conclusions remain open to revision.
Use the defining rule
- Find what a sentence does: presents evidence, qualifies a claim, explains a method or introduces a contrast.
- Compare related texts and viewpoints.
“However, the sample was small” chiefly does what?
However signals a contrast or qualification.
Check the conditions
- Separate the author’s view from a quoted view. Reporting a claim does not always endorse it.
- Compare related texts and viewpoints.
Text 1: A small trial suggests the filter could help. Text 2: The trial is too small to establish effectiveness. Both allow that the trial is limited. Text 2 is more cautious about the conclusion; it does not say the filter certainly fails.
A statement limiting another claim is a ____.
It states where or how far the claim applies.
Apply the task format
- Cross-text questions ask about a relationship. Identify the exact point of agreement or disagreement, not the shared topic.
- Compare related texts and viewpoints.
The everyday meaning of a word may differ from its meaning in the supplied sentence.
Which answer fits this case?
Determine words in context
Two texts about one topic must have the same conclusion.
Their evidence or interpretations may differ.
Keep the distinctions
- qualify 限定 — To limit or make a claim more precise.
- contrast 对比 — A relationship showing a difference.
- Determine words in context.
- Analyse text structure and purpose.
- Compare related texts and viewpoints.
Match each term with its precise meaning in this lesson.
Keep the distinctions stated in the teaching example.
Put this lesson’s reasoning or event sequence in order.
The order follows the stated process; check each stage before the next.