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Reading: grammaticality and formal written relationships
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| English | Meaning |
|---|---|
| predicate | 谓语 |
Spot the faulty sentence
- A reading item shows four sentences; one is faulty: “to pass through通过这次to cultivate培训，to make使staff员工(modifier / structural particle)的to work工作capability能力to raise提高(completed / change)了很多。”
- The sentence has no subject: to pass through通过… and to make使… leave nobody doing anything. HSK 6 reading checks grammaticality, collocation and logic in formal written Chinese.
Three checks for every sentence
- Complete: is there a subject and a predicate? Remove to pass through通过 / to pass经过 / due to由于 phrases and see what is left.
- Collocation: do the words go together? to raise提高level (of achievement etc)水平 ✓, to raise提高question问题 ✗; 解决问题 ✓, to solve解决level (of achievement etc)水平 ✗.
- Logic: no contradiction or double counting: approximately大约十个left and right左右 repeats "about" twice.
this这次training培训made使the staff's员工的ability能力improve提高了a lot很多。
Which sentence is grammatically correct?
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The others lack a subject; 这次活动 is the subject of 使 here.
Which collocation is wrong?
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问题 is solved (解决), not raised (提高).
大约十个左右 is a well-formed phrase.
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大约 and 左右 both mean “about”; use one.
Formal connectors and their scope
- not just不仅…moreover而且, already既…again又, only have ...只有…only then / not until才, even if即使…also也, (after a noun N and before…之所以…是因为 come in fixed pairs; a wrong partner makes the sentence faulty: only have ...只有…then / just就 ✗.
- Watch scope: in not just不仅他会variant of 说说English (language)英语，moreover而且can / will会variant of 说说French (language)法语 the subject he / him他 should come before not just不仅 when both clauses share it: he / him他not just不仅can / will会variant of 说说English (language)英语，moreover而且can / will会variant of 说说French (language)法语.
Faulty: whether or not能否提高质量，to be / is是company企业success成功(modifier / structural particle)的crucial point关键。 The left side has two sides (whether or not能否), the right side one (crucial point关键 to success). Fixed: 提高质量to be / is是company企业success成功(modifier / structural particle)的crucial point关键。
Which fault?
Diagnose the type of error in a faulty sentence.
Which connector pair is correct?
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只有 pairs with 才; 只要 with 就; 即使 with 也.
他不仅会说英语，____ 会说法语。
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不仅…而且….
Reading an argument
- Separate the author's claim from the evidence and from views they mention to reject (someone有人to think / believe认为…).
- Do not add a stronger claim than the text: “maybe / possible可能” is not “definitely一定”.
Common faults
- Missing subject after to pass through通过 / to pass经过 / due to由于 … to make使.
- One-sided vs two-sided: whether or not能否 / whether (or not)是否 on one side, a single outcome on the other.
Recap
- Check completeness, collocation and logic in every option.
- Match connector pairs and their scope; read arguments without overclaiming.