Communities: competition and interdependence
| English | 中文 | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|
| community/kəˈmjuːnɪti/ | 群落 | qún luò |
| interdependence/ˌɪntədɪˈpendəns/ | 相互依存 | xiāng hù yī cún |
What would explain this observation?
- Removing a pollinator can affect plants and the animals that depend on them. A community 群落 is a network of relationships, not just a species list.
- Start with a prediction. State the quantities or features you would compare, then decide what evidence could distinguish two explanations.
Build the model
- An organism is one individual. A population comprises organisms of one species in a place; a community includes the populations of different species. An ecosystem includes that community interacting with non-living conditions. Plants compete for light, space, water and mineral ions. Animals often compete for food, mates and territory.
- community: Populations of different species living and interacting in a place; interdependence 相互依存: Reliance of organisms on others for resources or services.
Which belongs in an ecosystem description in addition to living populations?
Interdependence means species rely on others for resources or services, including food, shelter, pollination and seed dispersal. Removing one species can affect many others. In a stable community, species and environmental factors are in balance and population sizes remain fairly constant, although short-term fluctuations can occur.
Match each technical term to its precise meaning.
Use the definitions to distinguish related quantities and processes.
Choose evidence that can test it
- Interdependence means species rely on others for resources or services, including food, shelter, pollination and seed dispersal. Removing one species can affect many others. In a stable community, species and environmental factors are in balance and population sizes remain fairly constant, although short-term fluctuations can occur.
- Record school-approved field observations without disturbing nests or protected habitats. In supplied tables, identify which count refers to one population and which measure describes the community. Explain a removal scenario with a stated link, then consider indirect effects and alternative explanations.
Which two habits make the investigation or model in this case more defensible?
Record school-approved field observations without disturbing nests or protected habitats. In supplied tables, identify which count refers to one population and which measure describes the community. Explain a removal scenario with a stated link, then consider indirect effects and alternative explanations.
Work from known quantities
- State the known values and their units. Choose the relation because its assumptions fit this case, then rearrange before substitution.
- Known: a fictional community contains 25 rabbits, 5 foxes and 70 plants of one counted species. Rabbit population is 25; the three counted groups total 100 individuals. This total is not biodiversity and is not a complete ecosystem measurement, because other species and non-living factors were not counted.
A supplied community has 30 rabbits, 6 foxes and 84 counted plants. Find the total counted individuals. Use the same sequence: known quantities → model → relation → substitution → unit and interpretation.
A supplied community has 30 rabbits, 6 foxes and 84 counted plants. Find the total counted individuals.
The result is 120 individuals. Known: a fictional community contains 25 rabbits, 5 foxes and 70 plants of one counted species. Rabbit population is 25; the three counted groups total 100 individuals. This total is not biodiversity and is not a complete ecosystem measurement, because other species and non-living factors were not counted.
Check the conclusion and its limits
- Competition occurs both within and between species. A larger total number of organisms does not necessarily mean more species. Stability does not require every population count to remain exactly unchanged every day.
- Return to the original observation. Explain what the result supports, which conditions it assumes, and one way to test a competing explanation.
A community and a population always describe the same group. This claim is false: Competition occurs both within and between species. A larger total number of organisms does not necessarily mean more species. Stability does not require every population count to remain exactly unchanged every day.
Communities: competition and interdependence: Interdependence means species rely on others for resources or services, including food, shelter, pollination and seed dispersal. Removing one species can affect many others. In a stable community, species and environmental factors are in balance and population sizes remain fairly constant, although short-term fluctuations can occur.
A community and a population always describe the same group.
Competition occurs both within and between species. A larger total number of organisms does not necessarily mean more species. Stability does not require every population count to remain exactly unchanged every day.
Populations of different species living and interacting in a place: write the technical term.
community means Populations of different species living and interacting in a place.