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TOEFL iBT

Tips

The TOEFL iBT from January 2026 is a shorter, adaptive test on a 1 to 6 scale. ETS still reports a comparable 0 to 120 score until January 2028, because many universities have not rewritten their offers yet. Check which number the university actually uses before you book.

The four sections stay Reading, Listening, Writing and Speaking, but the tasks mixed everyday English with academic English. Complete-the-words and listen-and-repeat sit next to an academic passage and an academic discussion. Practising only campus lectures is no longer enough.

The test adapts. A stronger first block leads to a harder second block. That is why two people can leave the room having seen different questions and still be scored on the same 1 to 6 scale. You cannot game it by racing through easy items.

The lessons here follow the 2026 format as published on ets.org. The Library holds official sample material ETS has released for test takers, labelled by section.

  • 1

    Tentang ujian

    Tonton pelajaran
    1.1

    Apa itu TOEFL dan siapa yang mengambilnya

    TOEFL iBT adalah tes bahasa Inggris yang paling sering diterima oleh universitas di Amerika Serikat, dan diambil di seluruh dunia. Tes ini tidak menguji apa yang Anda ketahui tentang Bahasa Inggris. Tes ini menguji apakah Anda dapat menggunakannya: membaca halaman buku teks, mengikuti kuliah 讲座, menjawab email, dan berbicara balasan.

    • Ini dibuat oleh ETS, organisasi Amerika, dan diambil di komputer di pusat ujian atau di rumah.
    • Hampir setiap siswa Tiongkok yang mendaftar ke universitas di Amerika Serikat atau Kanada mungkin menggunakannya. Banyak universitas di Inggris, Australia, dan Eropa juga menerimanya — tetapi selalu periksa halaman untuk program studi Anda, karena angka yang diminta tercantum di sana dan tidak ada tempat lain.
    • Empat keterampilan diuji dalam satu sesi: Membaca, Mendengarkan, Menulis, dan Berbicara, secara urutan tersebut.

    ⚠ Ujian berubah pada Januari 2026, dan sebagian besar saran di internet lebih tua dari itu. Jika buku, video, atau file soal yang dibagikan menyebutkan skor 0 hingga 120, atau tentang tugas "Menulis Terintegrasi" di mana Anda membaca sebuah teks dan mendengar ceramah, itu menjelaskan ujian lama. Bagian-bagian di bawah menggambarkan ujian yang benar-benar akan Anda hadapi.

    1.2

    Bentuk ujian mulai Januari 2026

    Ujian ini kini adaptif 自适应: ia melihat bagaimana Anda berperforma dan memberikan item pada tingkat yang sesuai dengan kemampuan Anda. Dua siswa yang mengikuti ujian pada hari yang sama tidak melihat soal yang sama.

    Bagian Tentang Item Apa yang ada di dalamnya
    Membaca 30 menit sekitar 50 Melengkapi Kata-kata, Membaca dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari, Membaca Teks Akademik
    Mendengarkan 29 menit sekitar 47 Dengarkan dan Pilih Respons, Dengarkan Percakapan, Dengarkan Pengumuman, Dengarkan Ceramah Akademik
    Menulis 23 menit sekitar 12 Bangun Kalimat, Tulis Email, Tulis untuk Diskusi Akademik
    Berbicara 8 menit sekitar 11 Dengarkan dan Ulangi, Ikuti Wawancara
    • ETS meminta Anda mengalokasikan waktu total sekitar dua jam. Waktu yang tepat dan jumlah item yang berubah-ubah, karena ujian beradaptasi saat Anda mengerjakannya.
    • Dua hal muncul dari sifat "adaptif", dan keduanya mengubah cara Anda berlatih. Pertama, Anda tidak dapat menghitung skor Anda dari jumlah jawaban benar — 30 jawaban benar yang sama memiliki makna berbeda tergantung seberapa sulit item-item tersebut. Kedua, ujian menjadi lebih sulit ketika Anda berperforma baik. Menghadapi item yang sulit adalah tanda bagus, bukan tanda buruk.
    • Perhatikan betapa banyak bagian ujian yang kini merupakan bahasa Inggris sehari-hari 日常英语: sebuah pengumuman, email, pengumuman, percakapan singkat. Ujian lama hampir sepenuhnya bersifat akademik. Latih keduanya.
    1.3

    Skala skor 1 hingga 6

    • Anda mendapatkan empat skor bagian dan satu skor keseluruhan. Masing-masing berkisar dari 1 hingga 6 dalam langkah setengah poin: 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6.
    • Skor keseluruhan adalah rata-rata dari keempat bagian, dibulatkan ke setengah poin terdekat. Jadi, 5.5, 5, 5.5, dan 5 rata-ratanya 5.25, yang dilaporkan sebagai 5.5.
    • Skala ini sejajar dengan CEFR 欧洲语言共同参考框架, tangga yang digunakan di seluruh Eropa:
    Skor Level CEFR Sekitar artinya
    1 – 1.5 A1 pemula
    2 – 2.5 A2 dasar
    3 – 3.5 B1 menengah
    4 – 4.5 B2 menengah atas — batas minimum umum untuk studi sarjana
    5 – 5.5 C1 mahir — apa yang diinginkan universitas selektif dan sebagian besar program master
    6 C2 mendekati penutur asli
    • ⚠ Universitas biasanya menetapkan skor keseluruhan minimum dan batas bawah untuk setiap bagian. Skor skor keseluruhan 5 dengan 3.5 dalam Berbicara bukanlah aplikasi yang sama dengan skor rata-rata 5 — bagian terlemah menentukan hasilnya. Perkuat bagian dengan skor terendah, bukan rata-ratanya.
    Kosa kata Latih
    English Bahasa Indonesia
    lecture/ˈlektʃə/ kuliah
    adaptive/əˈdæptɪv/ penyesuaian
    everyday English/ˈevrɪdeɪ ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ bahasa Inggris sehari-hari
    CEFR/ˌsiː iː ef ˈɑː/ CEFR
    1.4

    Skor lama dan skor baru bersama-sama

    • Hingga Januari 2028, setiap laporan skor menampilkan tiga hal: level CEFR Anda, skor 1 hingga 6 Anda, dan skor overall komparabel 0 hingga 120.
    • Angka ketiga ini ada karena universitas menetapkan persyaratan mereka beberapa tahun sebelumnya. Halaman program yang masih bertuliskan "100 pada TOEFL iBT" dapat dibandingkan dengannya.
    • Jadi, saat Anda membaca penawaran, periksa pada skala mana itu ditulis sebelum memutuskan apakah Anda telah memenuhinya. Langkah paling aman adalah melihat halaman resmi universitas pada bulan Anda mendaftar.
    1.5

    Cara menggunakan catatan ini

    • Empat bagian berikut masing-masing satu per keterampilan, sesuai urutan ujian. Setiap bagian menjelaskan apa yang tugas-tugasnya minta, apa yang sebenarnya dicari oleh penilai, dan kesalahan yang sering membuat calon peserta didik Tiongkok kehilangan nilai.
    • Angka dalam catatan ini adalah fakta format, dan fakta format bisa berubah. Semua yang ada di sini telah diverifikasi di situs web ETS pada 13 September 2026. Sebelum Anda melakukan booking, periksa sendiri dua halaman di bawah ini — memakan waktu lima menit dan itu adalah asuransi termurah yang pernah Anda beli.
    1.6

    Tips ujian

    • Jangan beli buku latihan yang dicetak sebelum 2026. Itu bukan sekadar buku yang sedikit usang; itu adalah buku tentang ujian yang berbeda.
    • Putuskan sejak dini skala mana yang digunakan universitas Anda, lalu tulis angka target di halaman pertama buku catatan Anda. Target yang terlihat adalah target yang Anda perjuangkan.
    • Latih bahasa Inggris sehari-hari secara sengaja. Calon peserta didik Tiongkok biasanya kuat dalam membaca akademik dan lemah dalam email, pengumuman, dan percakapan singkat, karena itulah yang dihargai sekolah sebelumnya. Ujian baru menghargai keduanya.
    • Ketik, jangan menulis tangan. Seluruh ujian dilakukan di komputer, termasuk dua tugas menulis. Jika Anda mengetik lambat dalam bahasa Inggris, hal itu saja sudah mengurangi nilai dalam bagian 23 menit — berlatihlah menggunakan keyboard sejak hari ini.
    • Sumber, diverifikasi pada 13 September 2026: Pembaruan skala skor TOEFL iBT, Konten dan struktur TOEFL iBT.
    Additional notes PDF

    Check the requirement before choosing a target

    A student sees “overall 5” and stops reading a course's language requirement. The next line says “at least 4.5 in every section.” An overall 5 does not show that all four section floors have been met. Careful preparation begins with reading the whole requirement.

    This supplement adds original worked decisions to the existing overview. All programmes, score profiles and practice examples below are fictional. They teach how to check information; they are not university admission advice or official rated tasks. The preserved skill handouts remain beside these additional notes.

    Separate the adaptive sections from the whole test

    The 2026 ETS blueprint describes Reading and Listening as two-stage adaptive 自适应 sections. Writing and Speaking are linear: test takers receiving a particular form get its same task set. Do not read the older overview's broad description as saying every section adapts question by question.

    A first module helps route a learner to a later module. A module 模块 is a group of tasks, not a score report. A difficult question alone does not prove that you have done well or badly. Its difficulty to you also depends on your knowledge and the topic.

    Task routing differs from overall score arithmetic
    Task selection and score reporting answer different questions.

    ETS notes that Reading and Listening can contain unscored items. A raw score 原始分 records points before conversion to a reported scale. You cannot convert “thirty answers felt right” into a reported band here. Do not assume every displayed item contributes equally to that reported band. Use practice errors to choose a learning action, rather than guessing your live result.

    The public timing table gives approximate base times. Directions and administration mean that adding its section times does not give the full appointment length. Use the current official instructions for your test and any approved arrangements. Our classroom practice clocks below are teaching choices, not a copy of the live test interface.

    Read an overall score and section floors together

    Fictional requirement: Riverside Programme asks for overall 5 and at least 4.5 in each section. It also asks applicants to submit other documents. Meeting this language requirement does not guarantee admission.

    Profile Reading Listening Writing Speaking
    A 5.5 5 5 3.5
    B 4.5 5 5 5

    Profile A

    The sum is 19. The average is 19 divided by 4, or 4.75. Rounded to the nearest half band, the overall score is 5. That meets the overall requirement, but Speaking 3.5 is below the section floor of 4.5. The language requirement is therefore not fully met. Writing “overall passed” in your notebook would hide the missing part.

    Profile B

    The sum is 19.5. The average is 4.875, which rounds to overall 5. Every section is at least 4.5, so this profile meets the fictional language requirement. Reading is the lowest score, but it does not automatically prevent meeting this requirement. A lowest section matters in relation to the actual floor, not as a universal rule.

    A threshold 门槛 is a stated minimum that you must compare against the correct score. Record the programme, score scale, overall threshold, section thresholds and when you checked the information. A different programme may ask for different evidence. Use its current written requirement.

    Round the average without adding the bands

    The new overall scale averages the four section bands, then rounds to the nearest half band. Do not report the sum of the four new bands as the overall band. ETS gives 5.125 becoming 5, and 5.25 becoming 5.5. The midpoint example tells you how that exact boundary is handled.

    For practice, consider section bands 5.5, 5.5, 5 and 5. Their sum is 21; dividing by four gives 5.25; the reported overall is 5.5. This is a calculation from supplied bands, not a way to grade your own practice answers.

    During the transition, reports also provide a comparable overall result on the older 0–120 scale. That number does not make the report outdated. A practice resource can still teach useful vocabulary while describing tasks that are no longer in the current format. Check its actual task descriptions, date and purpose rather than reject it only because it mentions 120. Do not multiply a new band by twenty and call the result an exact conversion. Use the reported comparable score and official guidance for a requirement written on the older scale.

    Practise a communication decision before chasing speed

    The following short original examples show what different language skills do. They introduce practice; the later skill supplements will develop complete task sets.

    Reading a practical message

    Message: The workshop remains on Friday, but it will begin at 3 p.m. in Room 12. Bring your draft. If you have already emailed it, bring a copy anyway.

    Question: What should someone who emailed a draft do?

    They should still bring a copy. “Anyway” keeps that instruction in force. The message changes the time and room, not the day. An answer about Thursday would add a change that the message never states.

    Choosing a useful reply

    Speaker: “Could you show me where the registration desk is?”

    Possible replies: A “It opens at nine.” B “Sure, it is just beside the main entrance.” C “I registered last week.”

    B responds to the request for a location. A gives a time, and C gives the speaker's own past action. All three mention registration-related information, but only B answers this request. A repeated word alone would not make a reply correct or incorrect. Hear the sentence from a partner before reading these options to turn it into listening practice.

    Building a clear sentence

    Use these groups: “the librarian” / “because” / “I asked” / “the printer was not working.”

    One complete sentence is: “I asked the librarian because the printer was not working.” The main clause gives the action; the because clause explains its reason. “I asked because the librarian the printer was not working” leaves the ideas in the wrong relationship. Word-order practice should preserve the message as well as grammar.

    Answering a spoken question

    Question: “Where do you prefer to study?”

    Original response: “I prefer the library because it is quieter than my flat. For example, I can finish my reading without the television distracting me. If I need to discuss a project, I meet my group in a separate study room.”

    The speaker gives a preference, a reason, an example and a relevant exception. This is an interview-style response, not a sentence to substitute in a Listen and Repeat task. In repetition practice, reproduce the supplied sentence rather than change its meaning into your own answer. Speak aloud. Written text alone cannot show whether your delivery is understandable.

    Choose a practice action from the error

    A diagnosis 诊断 identifies the difficulty you need to work on. “Bad at English” does not tell you what to practise tomorrow. A small error record can make the next action precise.

    What happened What to check Useful next action
    You chose Thursday Day change invented Mark changes in a fresh message
    You chose the opening time Location request missed Identify a new question’s purpose
    Your because sentence broke Clause order unclear Rebuild a new sentence; explain its action
    Your listener missed the reason Delivery or link unclear Record a new answer; ask what was understood

    Use a first attempt to discover the difficulty, then review the evidence. A replay, slower reading or dictionary check can help learning after that attempt. They are not failures simply because a live test limits those supports. A timed attempt and a careful review train different parts of preparation.

    Review ten overview decisions

    Try the questions before reading the explanations.

    1. Profile A reports overall 5. Does it meet Riverside's complete language requirement?
    2. Does Profile B fail simply because Reading is its lowest section?
    3. What is the average of 5.5, 5.5, 5 and 5, and its rounded overall?
    4. Should you report their sum, 21, as the new overall band?
    5. Does a comparable 0–120 total prove that a 2026 report is old?
    6. Does one difficult Reading item prove your previous answers were correct?
    7. Can the practice worksheet's total correct answers determine your reported band here?
    8. In the workshop message, has the day changed?
    9. In the registration question, why is an opening time not the best reply?
    10. Can the written library response certify a learner's live speaking performance?

    Explained answers

    1. No. Speaking 3.5 is below the fictional section floor of 4.5, even though the overall threshold is met.
    2. No. Reading 4.5 meets that floor. All four section requirements and the overall requirement are met.
    3. The average is 5.25 and the rounded overall is 5.5. Divide the sum by four before rounding.
    4. No. Twenty-one is the sum used in the calculation, not a band on the 1–6 overall scale.
    5. No. The transition includes a comparable older-scale total. Check the report and actual task format.
    6. No. The section routes across modules, and your experience of a question does not reveal the whole result.
    7. No. Our original practice is not the scored adaptive test or its conversion system.
    8. No. It remains Friday. The time and room change; the requirement to bring a copy remains.
    9. The speaker asked where the desk is. A location response answers that request; a time response does not.
    10. No. It shows ideas and language choices. Actual speaking needs aloud practice and a listener's check.

    Keep a record that supports the next session

    Write the requirement you are working towards and where it came from. Choose one current task type and one difficulty to practise. After the attempt, keep your answer, the evidence for a correction and the next action.

    For example: “Workshop message; missed anyway; still need a copy; practise another exception instruction.” Review the next attempt to see whether the same error returns. A completed worksheet is useful evidence of practice, not a guarantee of a test result or admission.

  • 2

    Membaca

    2.1

    Bagian Membaca dan waktunya

    Sekitar 30 menit, sekitar 50 item. Ini jauh lebih cepat daripada ujian lama, dan item-itemnya lebih pendek — jadi keterampilan yang diuji bukan lagi ketahanan fisik 耐力. Itu adalah kecepatan dengan akurasi.

    • Tiga jenis tugas muncul: Lengkapi Kata, Baca dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari dan Baca Teks Akademik Teks. Dua yang pertama baru diperkenalkan pada tahun 2026.
    • Bagian ini adaptif, sehingga teks yang Anda lihat bergantung pada performa Anda. Jangan mencoba membaca tingkat kesulitan tes sebagai indikator performa Anda.
    • Anda tidak dapat kembali ke bagian yang telah dilewati. Jawab setiap item saat Anda menjumpai item tersebut.

    ⚠ Tidak ada penalti 扣分 untuk jawaban yang salah. Item yang dibiarkan kosong mendapat nilai sama persis dengan jawaban yang salah, yaitu nol. Jangan pernah meninggalkan item kosong.

    2.2

    Lengkapi Kata

    Teks singkat dengan huruf atau kata-kata utuh yang hilang, yang harus Anda lengkapi.

    • Ini adalah uji tata bahasa dan kosakata 词汇, bukan pengujian kemampuan menemukan informasi. Anda tidak mencari-cari di dalam teks; Anda bertanya "kata apa yang seharusnya ada di sini?"
    • Gunakan kalimat di sekitar titik rumpang. Kelas kata 词性 biasanya ditentukan sebelum maknanya: setelah the Anda membutuhkan kata benda, setelah very sebuah kata sifat, setelah to kata kerja dasar.
    • Ejaan itu penting. Kata yang kehilangan satu huruf adalah kata yang salah.
    • Bacalah kalimat yang sudah lengkap kembali dalam hati Anda. Jika terdengar tidak seperti bahasa Inggris, maka itu bukan.
    2.3

    Baca dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari

    Email, pengumuman 通知, jadwal, iklan, dan teks praktis pendek lainnya.

    • Pertanyaannya hampir selalu apa yang harus dibacakan melakukan — atau apa yang berubah, atau apa yang tidak diperbolehkan.
    • Teks praktis menyembunyikan informasi kunci di tempat kecil: tanggal, nomor ruangan, kata seperti kecuali, kecuali jika, hanya, dari hari Senin. Kata-kata itu membawa jawaban jauh lebih sering daripada kalimat-kalimat panjang di sekitarnya.
    • Perhatikan register 语域. Email dari tutor bersifat sopan dan tersirat: "Anda mungkin ingin mempertimbangkan" berarti lakukan hal ini. "Akan sangat membantu jika Anda bisa" adalah instruksi, bukan komentar.
    • ⚠ Teks kehidupan sehari-hari itu pendek, sehingga siswa membacanya terlalu cepat dan menjawab berdasarkan ingatan tentang teks serupa. Teks. Bacalah teks yang ada di depan Anda.
    Kosa kata Latih
    English Bahasa Indonesia
    endurance/enˈdjʊərəns/ ketahanan
    penalty/ˈpenəlti/ hukuman
    vocabulary/vəʊˈkæbjʊləri/ kosakata
    word class/wɜːd klæs/ kelas kata
    notice/ˈnəʊtɪs/ pengumuman
    register/ˈredʒɪstə/ register
    2.4

    Baca Teks Akademik

    Teks dari jenis buku yang akan digunakan dalam mata kuliah universitas tahun pertama.

    • Skim 略读 terlebih dahulu, tiga puluh detik, untuk melihat struktur: tentang apa ini, berapa banyak bagiannya, di mana argumennya berbalik arah? Kemudian jawab, dan scan 扫读 kembali untuk setiap fakta.
    • Kalimat topik 主题句 — biasanya kalimat pertama dalam sebuah paragraf — memberi tahu Anda apa tujuan paragraf tersebut. Ketika pertanyaan meminta paragraf mana yang memuat sesuatu, Anda mencocokkannya dengan kalimat topik, bukan membaca semuanya lagi.
    • Pertanyaan tentang sebuah kata menanyakan makna kata tersebut dalam teks ini, bukan maknanya secara umum. Jawablah berdasarkan kalimatnya, bukan berdasarkan ingatan kamus Anda.
    • Tebak kata yang tidak dikenal dari bagian-bagiannya: awalan 前缀 (un-, re-, over-) dan akhiran 后缀 (-tion, -able, -ly) menyempitkan makna dan menetapkan kelas kata sebelum Anda memahami akar katanya sama sekali.
    • Pertanyaan inferensi 推理 menanyakan apa yang dapat disimpulkan dari teks, bukan apa yang tertulis. Jawaban yang benar selalu didukung oleh baris yang bisa Anda tunjukkan. Jika Anda tidak bisa menunjuk barisnya, itu adalah jawaban yang salah.
    Kosa kata Latih
    English Bahasa Indonesia
    skim/skɪm/ skim
    scan/skæn/ pemindaian
    topic sentence/ˈtɒpɪk ˈsentəns/ kalimat topik
    prefix/ˈpriːfɪks/ awalan
    suffix/ˈsʌfɪks/ akhiran
    inference/ˈɪnfərəns/ inferensi
    subvocalise/səbˈvɒkəlaɪz/ subvokalisasi
    synonym/ˈsɪnənɪm/ sinonim
    2.5

    Apa yang membuat calon peserta Tiongkok kehilangan nilai

    • Menerjemahkan sambil membaca. Mengubah setiap kalimat menjadi bahasa Mandarin di kepala memakan waktu dua hingga tiga kali lebih lama daripada membacanya. Dengan estimasi 30 menit untuk 50 item, tidak ada ruang untuk itu. Ini bukan kebiasaan yang bisa Anda tinggalkan di hari ujian; butuh berminggu-minggu membaca tanpa kamus untuk menghilangkannya.
    • Subvokalising 默读出声 — mengucapkan setiap kata dalam hati. Hal ini membatasi kecepatan Anda pada kecepatan bicara, sekitar 150 kata per menit, padahal Anda membutuhkan dua kali lipatnya.
    • Mencari kata dari pertanyaan. Tes menulis pertanyaan dengan kata-kata berbeda secara sengaja. Sinonim 同义词 dalam teks adalah kondisi normal, bukan jebakan. tujuan. Sinonim 同义词 dalam teks adalah kasus normal, bukan jebakan.
    • Sempurnaan pada satu item. Setiap item bernilai sama. Dua menit dihabiskan menyelamatkan satu item sulit item mengorbankan tiga item mudah nanti.
    2.6

    Tips ujian

    • Latih dengan stopwatch sejak hari pertama. Membaca dengan baik dan membaca cepat adalah dua keterampilan berbeda keterampilan, dan hanya satu dari mereka yang dilatih dengan membaca perlahan.
    • Bacalah satu halaman akademik dan satu teks praktis setiap hari — artikel sains dan email, halaman sejarah dan papan pengumuman. Bagian sekarang meminta keduanya.
    • Bangun kosakata dari Academic Word List, tetapi pelajari setiap kata dalam sebuah kalimat. Kata yang hanya Anda temui pada kartu flash adalah kata yang tidak akan Anda kenali di dalam baris prosa.
    • Setelah setiap set latihan, tuliskan mengapa setiap jawaban salah itu salah: apakah Anda salah baca empat solusi berbeda, dan hanya daftar pribadi Anda yang memberitahu mana yang Anda alami. empat perbaikan berbeda, dan hanya daftar Anda sendiri yang memberi tahu mana yang Anda miliki.
    • Format fakta di bagian ini diverifikasi di situs web ETS pada 13 September 2026: Konten dan struktur TOEFL iBT.
    Additional notes PDF

    Read the message before deciding what it means

    A library notice says that books are due on Friday unless your receipt gives a later date. A student returns a book on Friday without checking the receipt. The student may have met the deadline, but has not used all the information. Reading means joining details and conditions, not recognising a familiar word.

    This supplement adds original worked practice to the preserved Reading notes. It covers Complete the Words, Read in Daily Life and Read an Academic Passage. All passages, questions and answers below are newly written teaching examples. They are not official ETS items, rated test forms or a complete adaptive test. Their lengths and practice clocks are classroom choices.

    Try each set before reading its answers. Keep the text visible while you work. The official Reading description says the needed information is in the text. You do not need specialist knowledge of the topic to answer these questions. An answer must fit the particular text, even if another answer sounds possible in real life.

    Complete words using letters, grammar and meaning together

    In Complete the Words, parts of words are missing from a short text. Use the supplied letters and the surrounding sentence together. Grammar suggests possible forms; meaning and spelling narrow the choice further. In this practice, each underscore represents one missing letter. Write the whole completed word in your notebook. In a live task, follow its own entry instructions; our notation does not copy its interface.

    Original text A: comparing paths

    Students mea_____ (1) the temperature of two campus paths at the same ti__ (2). One path lay under trees; the other was expo___ (3) to direct sunlight. Their results sho___ (4) that the shaded path was coo___ (5) at every reading. However, they cou__ (6) not con_____ (7) that shade was the only cause. The study did not con____ (8) wind speed or surface material. They pla____ (9) to rep___ (10) the measurements with these differences checked.

    Explained completions

    1. Measured. The students took temperature readings. “Measured” fits the past events and begins with mea.
    2. Time. “At the same time” makes the comparison meaningful. “Times” needs an extra letter and changes the form.
    3. Exposed. “Was exposed to” describes the path receiving sunlight. Exposing does not fit the three missing letters or this passive structure.
    4. Showed. The results showed a pattern in the completed study. “Shown” does not form a complete verb after “results” here.
    5. Cooler. The sentence compares the two paths, so the comparative form fits. “Coolest” needs more letters and suggests a different comparison.
    6. Could. The phrase “could not conclude” gives a limit on the students' claim. The supplied cou and two missing letters fit could.
    7. Conclude. After could not, use the base form. The students cannot reach this stronger claim from their evidence.
    8. Control. Wind and surface material were not kept comparable. The base form follows did not; controlled would add an incorrect ending.
    9. Planned. The students made a future plan after their first study. Planned has double n; planed is a different word and does not fit this meaning.
    10. Repeat. They intend to take the measurements again. Repeat fits the supplied letters, length and meaning after to.

    Read the completed text once more. The pattern and its limit should both make sense. A correctly spelled word can still be wrong if it changes the sentence's meaning.

    Original text B: a study collection

    The college library created a dig____ (11) collection of local photographs. Students can sea___ (12) it by street name or year. Each image has a short des________ (13), but some dates remain unc______ (14). The library asks users to provide evi_____ (15) before suggesting a new date. This helps staff rev___ (16) the information without treating every guess as a fact.

    11. Digital. A searchable electronic collection is digital; dig plus four letters fits.

    12. Search. “Search it by street name or year” explains how users find images.

    13. Description. A short written description accompanies an image. Des plus eight letters fits description.

    14. Uncertain. Some dates are not established. Unc plus six letters fits uncertain.

    15. Evidence. Users must support a proposed change. Evi plus five letters fits evidence.

    16. Revise. Staff can change the information after checking it. Rev plus three letters fits revise.

    The second text connects the words: uncertain dates need evidence before revision. Do not select each word as if it appeared alone on a vocabulary card.

    Check a grammar shortcut against the actual sentence

    The original notes offer quick word-class hints. Use them as starting points, not fixed laws. An article 冠词 such as the can come before an adjective as well as directly before a noun. “The quiet room” contains an adjective between the and room. “The carefully prepared report” adds an adverb before the adjective.

    To can mark an infinitive 不定式: “They plan to repeat the study.” It can also be a preposition 介词: “They walked to the library.” In “They look forward to reading the report,” reading fits the whole expression. Do not turn every word after to into a base verb.

    A word family 词族 contains related forms, such as describe, description and descriptive. “Each image has a short ___” needs a thing that the image has: description. “A ___ note accompanies each image” could use descriptive. The supplied letters, word length and sentence must all fit.

    Prefixes can suggest meaning: uncertain means not certain, and repeat involves doing something again. But a word part alone does not prove the answer. A familiar ending can occur in words with different jobs. Verify the whole sentence and preserve the spelling of the actual word.

    Read a daily-life email for purpose and conditions

    Original email

    Subject: Wednesday workshop

    Hello everyone,

    The workshop still starts at 2 p.m. on Wednesday. We have moved from Room 18 to Room 21 because the projector in Room 18 is being repaired. Please bring a printed draft unless you uploaded your final draft before noon on Tuesday. If you uploaded it after noon, bring a printed copy too. You may wish to bring a notebook for your own notes, but this is optional.

    Mina, workshop organiser

    Questions 17–19

    17. What is the main purpose of this email? A Announce a new workshop day. B Explain a room change and what participants should bring. C Cancel the workshop. D Ask participants to repair a projector.

    18. Jia uploaded a final draft at 1 p.m. on Tuesday. What should Jia bring? A Only a notebook. B Nothing because any upload removes the requirement. C A printed draft. D A replacement projector.

    19. What does the email say about a notebook? A Everyone must bring one. B It is optional for personal notes. C It replaces the printed draft. D It must be uploaded before noon.

    Explained answers

    17. B. The email announces the move to Room 21 and explains the draft requirement. A changes Wednesday without evidence; C invents a cancellation; D confuses a repair reason with a participant's job.

    18. C. One p.m. is after noon, so Jia must bring a printed copy. The exception applies only to a final draft uploaded before noon. A and B ignore the condition; D adds a job the email never gives Jia.

    19. B. The email explicitly says optional. It offers a useful choice rather than a requirement. A changes the strength of the message. C and D wrongly transfer the draft instructions to the notebook.

    Polite wording can introduce a request, a suggestion or an option. “You may wish to” does not always mean “you must.” Read the whole message, including words that state whether an action is required.

    Read a notice and a timetable together

    Original notice

    Study-support desk: from 6 October, afternoon appointments take place in the library annex. Morning appointments stay in Room 4. Bring your appointment confirmation. Walk-in questions are welcome from 12:15 to 12:45; booked meetings do not run during that period.

    Period Service Location
    09:00–12:00 Booked meetings Room 4
    12:15–12:45 Walk-in questions Library annex
    14:00–16:00 Booked meetings Library annex

    An annex 附楼 is an extra building or part of a building connected with the main one. Here, use the stated location; do not invent a map or travel time.

    Questions 20–22

    20. Where should a student attend a 10 a.m. booked meeting on 7 October? A Room 4. B Library annex. C Either place. D The notice does not state a location.

    21. Which student can use the service at 12:30 without a booking? A A student attending a booked meeting. B A student with a walk-in question. C Only a student with an afternoon booking. D Nobody, because the desk is closed.

    22. What remains unchanged from the previous arrangement? A All afternoon appointments. B The location of morning appointments. C All meetings are now walk-in. D Nobody needs confirmation.

    Explained answers

    20. A. Ten a.m. belongs to the morning booked period, which stays in Room 4. B wrongly applies the afternoon change to every meeting. C invents choice; D ignores both notice and timetable.

    21. B. The notice and timetable identify a walk-in period at 12:30. A contradicts the statement about booked meetings; C invents an eligibility rule; D ignores the stated opening.

    22. B. “Stay” signals that the morning location has not changed. A misses the afternoon move; C and D contradict the service type and confirmation instruction.

    The prose explains a change; the table helps locate a period quickly. Join them. A true phrase in one cell is not enough if it belongs to the wrong time.

    Read an academic passage as a connected explanation

    Original passage: collecting seeds in a city

    A town planting group compared two ways of collecting seeds from a local wildflower. In the first method, volunteers picked seeds from the earliest plants to flower. In the second, they returned several times and collected from plants flowering at different dates. The group wanted a collection representing the variation already present in the local population.

    The first method was convenient because volunteers could finish in one visit. However, it risked leaving out plants that flowered later. The second required more visits, but sampled a wider range of flowering dates. Researchers explained that neither method creates new variation; collection determines which existing plants are represented.

    The trial recorded dates and the plants visited, rather than testing later survival. Its results therefore support a claim about the breadth of collection, not a claim that one batch grows better. The group planned a separate growing trial before making that stronger claim. Convenience remained important, but the group decided to compare it with its sampling aim.

    Questions 23–28

    23. Which title best expresses the main idea? A Creating variation by collecting seeds. B How collection choices affect which plants are represented. C Proving that early flowers always survive longer. D Replacing volunteers with researchers.

    24. Why was the first method convenient? A It created new plant types. B It needed only one visit. C It sampled all flowering dates. D It tested survival immediately.

    25. What does “it” refer to in “However, it risked leaving out plants that flowered later”? A The first collection method. B The growing trial. C New variation. D A late-flowering plant.

    26. What does “breadth” mean in this passage? A Physical width of the town. B Depth of a planting hole. C Range of plants included in the collection. D Number of researchers employed.

    27. What can reasonably be inferred about using only the first method? A It may represent flowering dates less widely than repeated visits do. B It proves the seeds will never grow. C It changes every plant's flowering date. D It requires more collection visits than the second method.

    28. Why does the writer mention the separate growing trial? A To prove that collecting is unnecessary. B To show how researchers created new variation. C To explain why volunteers stopped helping. D To distinguish a future survival test from the completed collection comparison.

    Explain the academic answers from evidence

    23. B. All three paragraphs connect collection decisions with representation and the limits of the trial. A contradicts “neither method creates new variation.” C claims survival evidence that was not collected. D invents a change of workers. A title should cover the explanation, not one familiar word.

    24. B. The first method let volunteers finish in one visit. A wrongly attributes creation of variation to collection. C ignores omitted later plants. D confuses the completed comparison with the planned growing trial.

    25. A. The previous sentence describes the first method as convenient; “however” introduces its drawback. Follow the connected idea. The other options are not the method that can leave later plants out of collection. A referent 指代对象 is the person or thing a word such as it refers to.

    26. C. Breadth concerns how widely the collection represents flowering dates. The paragraph contrasts this with survival. A and B choose physical measurements from another context; D adds staffing information that the passage does not discuss.

    27. A. Picking from only the earliest flowers risks omitting later-flowering plants. That supports a narrower range of dates, even though the sentence does not repeat the option's wording. B and C are much stronger unsupported claims; D reverses the stated visit pattern. An inference must connect evidence. It cannot add a result the trial never measured.

    28. D. The separate trial would investigate the stronger claim about how seeds grow later. This marks the boundary of the existing evidence. A, B and C invent purposes or events. A limitation 局限 states what evidence cannot establish as well as what it can.

    Repeated collection visits include a wider range of flowering dates
    Compare which existing plants are included before making a claim about survival.

    Notice the passage structure: aim and methods, comparison, then evidence limits and next step. A paragraph's job matters even when its first sentence is not a complete summary. “However” marks a drawback; “therefore” connects the measured evidence to a restricted conclusion.

    Improve accuracy before making the same task faster

    The original notes give fixed reading speeds and broad claims about Chinese learners. Use your own error record instead. Different learners need different support. A dictionary check or a brief translation during review can explain a word you missed. It does not itself prove that you cannot read under test conditions.

    For a first practice round, allow four minutes for text A and three for text B. Allow four minutes for the email and notice together, then five for the academic passage. These are classroom clocks, not official task limits or a score prediction. If you finish quickly but choose answers without evidence, review accuracy before reducing the clock. If you run out of time, identify where time went: decoding words, rereading conditions or comparing options.

    During review, write a short evidence phrase beside each answer. For a missing word, write the complete word and the grammar or meaning that supports it. Then attempt a fresh text. Faster recall of this worksheet is not proof of transfer to a new passage.

    Scored Reading items have a maximum of one raw point in the blueprint. That does not make a classroom total an exact reported-band conversion. Unscored items, adaptive routing and scale conversion remain separate issues. Do not calculate the number of later questions you will lose from one minute spent here. Follow the real test's navigation and timing instructions when taking it.

    Check six decisions on a fresh attempt

    1. Does “the” always require the next word to be a noun?
    2. Does “to” always require the next word to be a base verb?
    3. Why must the collection passage not be used to claim better seed survival?
    4. A notebook is optional in the email. Can polite wording make it compulsory?
    5. Does knowing what a flower usually does replace the passage's evidence?
    6. What should you change after successfully remembering all these answers?

    Explained answers

    1. No. An adjective or adverb-plus-adjective can appear before the noun: “the carefully prepared report.”
    2. No. To can be an infinitive marker or a preposition. Check the whole phrase and sentence.
    3. The trial measured collection dates and representation, not later survival. A separate growing trial is planned.
    4. No. Read the explicit optional condition; do not override it with a politeness shortcut.
    5. No. Answer from this passage. Outside knowledge may suggest possibilities the text never establishes.
    6. Attempt new texts and explain their evidence. Change the task to practise the skill beyond this worksheet.
  • 3

    Mendengar

    3.1

    Bagian Mendengar dan jamnya

    Sekitar 29 menit, sekitar 47 item. Empat jenis tugas: Dengarkan dan Pilih Respons, Dengarkan Percakapan, Dengarkan Pengumuman dan Dengarkan Bicara Akademik.

    • Anda boleh mencatat 笔记 sementara mendengarkan, di atas kertas yang disediakan pusat tes.
    • Bagian ini adaptif, sehingga apa yang Anda dengar bergantung pada bagaimana item sebelumnya berjalan.
    • Bagian ini adaptif, sehingga apa yang Anda dengar bergantung pada bagaimana item sebelumnya berjalan.

    ⚠ Penyebab terbesar kehilangan nilai di sini adalah menahan diri (dwelling): seorang siswa melewatkan satu detail, terus memikirkan hal itu, dan melewatkan tiga puluh detik berikutnya juga. Satu item yang terlewat sama dengan satu poin. Tiga puluh detik tidak mendengarkan bernilai lima. Biarkan saja dan tetap fokus pada pembicara.

    Kosa kata Latih
    English Bahasa Indonesia
    note/nəʊt/ catatan
    dwelling/ˈdwelɪŋ/ penghunian
    function/ˈfʌŋkʃn/ fungsi
    intonation/ˌɪntəˈneɪʃn/ intonasi
    signpost/ˈsaɪnpəʊst/ penunjuk arah
    transcript/ˈtrænskrɪpt/ transkrip nilai
    attitude/ˈætɪtjuːd/ sikap
    3.2

    Dengarkan dan Pilih Respons

    Anda mendengar satu giliran ucapan singkat dan memilih apa yang akan secara alami datang selanjutnya.

    • Ini adalah tes percakapan sehari-hari, bukan bahasa Inggris akademik. Jawaban yang benar adalah balasan yang akan diberikan orang sungguhan.
    • Dengarkan fungsi 功能 dari apa yang diucapkan, bukan hanya kata-katanya: apakah itu permintaan, tawaran, keluhan, permintaan maaf, atau saran? Balasannya harus sesuai dengan fungsinya.
    • Intonasi 语调 membawa makna di sini. "You're coming to the meeting?" dengan nada naik adalah pertanyaan; kata yang sama jika nadanya turun adalah pernyataan.
    • ⚠ Jawaban yang mengulang kata-kata dari prompt biasanya salah. Balasan alami menggunakan kata-kata yang berbeda dari prompt tersebut.
    3.3

    Dengarkan Percakapan, dan Dengarkan Pengumuman

    • Sebuah percakapan melibatkan dua pembicara, sering kali seorang siswa dan seseorang di universitas — seorang tutor, pustakawan, atau staf kantor. Pantau siapa menginginkan apa: satu pembicara memiliki masalah dan yang lain menawarkan solusi, dan sebagian besar pertanyaan berada pada garis hubungan ini.
    • Sebuah pengumuman dilakukan oleh satu pembicara yang memberikan informasi praktis: perubahan ruang, tenggat waktu, atau prosedur. Dengarkan apa yang telah berubah dan apa yang harus dilakukan pendengar.
    • Dalam keduanya, perubahan arah disyaratkan sebelum terjadi. Actually, but, the thing is, having said that, on second thoughts — kata penunjuk 路标 memberi tahu Anda bahwa kalimat berikutnya penting.
    • Angka, tanggal, nama ruang, dan harga adalah detail spesifik yang diminta tugas-tugas ini. Tulislah mereka saat Anda mendengarnya; jangan mengandalkan ingatan untuk angka.
    3.4

    Dengarkan Ceramah Akademik

    Ceramah bergaya kuliah tentang topik studi, dengan satu pembicara utama.

    • Jangan mencoba menulis semuanya. Tulis bentuknya: topik, lalu setiap poin baru pada baris terpisah sendiri, dengan tanda strip untuk contoh yang mendukungnya. Catatan Anda harus terlihat seperti kerangka ceramah tersebut, bukan seperti transkripnya 文字稿.
    • Dosen menandai struktur: today I want to look at, there are three reasons, the first of these, which brings me to, so to summarise. Frasa-frasa ini adalah kerangkanya, diucapkan dengan suara keras.
    • Dengarkan sikap 态度 dosen serta fakta-faktanya. Surprisingly, of course, it is often claimed dan perubahan nada semua memberi tahu Anda apa yang dipikirkan pembicara — dan beberapa pertanyaan menanyakan persis hal itu.
    • Contoh ada untuk mendukung suatu poin. Jika Anda menangkap contohnya tetapi tidak menangkap poinnya, Anda hanya mendapatkan setengah yang kurang berguna; tanyakan pada diri sendiri "ini adalah contoh dari apa?"
    3.5

    Melatih Pendengaran

    • Dengarkan sekali, seperti saat tes. Berlatih dengan pemutaran ulang melatih keterampilan yang tidak diukur dalam tes. Putar rekaman sekali dan jawab; baru kemudian putar ulang untuk melihat apa yang terlewat.
    • Shadowing 跟读 — memutar sebuah kalimat dan mengucapkannya kembali segera — adalah cara tercepat untuk meningkatkan pendengaran dan pelafalan, karena ini memaksa Anda mendengar seluruh kalimat, bukan kata-kata yang sudah Anda ketahui.
    • Aksen: tes menggunakan pembicara dari Amerika Utara dan tempat lain. Dengarkan berbagai aksen dengan sengaja, tidak hanya pada aksen yang menurut Anda paling mudah.
    • Lima belas menit fokus sehari lebih baik daripada dua jam pada hari Minggu. Mendengar adalah kebiasaan perhatian, dan perhatian dilatih melalui frekuensi.
    Kosa kata Latih
    English Bahasa Indonesia
    shadowing/ˈʃædəʊɪŋ/ shadowing
    penalty/ˈpenəlti/ hukuman
    3.6

    Tips ujian

    • Latih menulis catatan dengan tangan sementara telinga terus bekerja. Sebagian besar siswa dapat melakukan salah satunya, tetapi tidak keduanya, dan itu adalah keterampilan yang Anda bangun dalam sekitar dua minggu.
    • Gunakan singkatan yang sudah Anda kenal: panah untuk sebab dan hasil, + dan -, inisial untuk nama panjang. Menciptakan sistem sendiri di hari tes akan merugikan Anda pada rekaman pertama.
    • Jika Anda melewatkan jawaban, tandai item tersebut, pilih tebakan terbaik sekarang, dan lanjutkan. Tidak ada penalti 扣分 untuk jawaban yang salah dan kosong bernilai sama dengan jawaban yang salah.
    • ⚠ Waspadai tugas sehari-hari. Kandidat Tiongkok sering mendapat nilai baik pada ceramah akademik dan kehilangan poin pada percakapan singkat, karena latihan mendengarkan di sekolah hampir sepenuhnya bersifat akademik.
    • Format fakta di bagian ini diverifikasi di situs web ETS pada 13 September 2026: Konten dan struktur TOEFL iBT.
    Additional notes PDF

    Hear what the speaker needs you to understand

    A student says, “I thought the desk stayed open until six.” The desk has already closed. A useful reply explains the hours or offers another way to get help. Repeating the word desk does not make an answer right or wrong. The reply must fit the speaker's meaning and the situation.

    This supplement adds original practice to the preserved Listening notes. It covers short responses, a conversation, an announcement and an academic talk. All scripts, questions and answers are new classroom material, not official ETS items. The printed scripts support teaching and review. Reading them alone does not test listening.

    For spoken practice, ask a partner to read each script once while you cover it. Read the questions and options, listen, then record your choices before uncovering the script. For short-response practice, the partner reads the prompt without naming its function. The partner should speak clearly at a natural pace, without stressing the answer words. This is classroom practice, not a copy of the live test's question sequence or interface. The lesson audio remains a separate production step.

    Choose a reply that fits the whole turn

    An indirect request 间接请求 can ask for help without saying “Please help me.” “I can't reach that shelf” may invite someone to reach it. Context matters: the same sentence in another conversation might simply explain a problem. Do not decide from a single word or from a fixed rising-or-falling rule. Tone supports meaning; grammar, context and the rest of the turn support it too.

    Six original spoken prompts

    1. “Could I borrow your pen for a moment?” A Yes, here you are. B I borrowed a book yesterday. C The lecture lasted an hour. D I wrote the date on Tuesday.

    2. “That box looks heavy. Shall I carry it upstairs for you?” A The stairs were painted last year. B A box has four sides. C Thanks, that would help. D The room is on the next floor.

    3. “Sorry I'm late. The bus stopped for road repairs.” A The repairs cost a lot. B That's all right; we've only just started. C This road leads to the station. D I prefer walking in the morning.

    4. “I was hoping to use this room, but I see your group has booked it.” A Yes, rooms can hold groups. B Our booking was made online. C We meet every week. D We're leaving in five minutes, if you can wait.

    5. “We could discuss the project after lunch, if you're free.” A Lunch usually has two courses. B Yes, two o'clock works for me. C I bought a notebook. D Our project has several pages.

    6. “The form won't open on my phone. Is there another way to register?” A Phones can show websites. B Registration is an English word. C You can use the computer beside the desk. D I keep my phone in my bag.

    Explain the responses

    1. A. The speaker asks to borrow a pen. A accepts and offers it. B matches borrow but changes the object and time. C and D do not answer the request.

    2. C. The speaker offers help. C accepts that offer. A mentions the stairs without responding. B describes a box; D gives a location already implied by upstairs.

    3. B. The speaker apologises and gives a reason. B accepts the apology and explains the present situation. A and C follow words in the reason, not the apology. D gives an unrelated personal preference.

    4. D. The speaker wants to use an occupied room. D gives a possible solution with a waiting condition. A is a general fact. B and C may be true, but neither helps resolve the room problem. D does not promise the room immediately: five minutes still matters.

    5. B. The speaker suggests meeting after lunch. B accepts and proposes a suitable time. A discusses food. C and D do not agree to, refuse or arrange the proposed discussion.

    6. C. The speaker needs a different registration method. C offers a working alternative. A repeats the phone topic without fixing the problem. B defines a word; D describes a habit.

    A repeated word can appear in a suitable response: “Yes, you can borrow my pen.” A response with different words can still be irrelevant: “The weather is lovely.” Test the conversational job, not a ban on matching vocabulary.

    Follow a conversation from problem to agreed solution

    Original script: borrowing filming equipment

    Student: I'd like to film a short interview for our class project on Thursday. My phone records clearly, but it moves when I hold it. Can I borrow a tripod?

    Assistant: All our full-height tripods are booked on Thursday. We do have a small phone stand. It sits on a table, so it works well if your speaker is seated.

    Student: That's fine. We're filming at a table in the study room. Can I collect it Thursday morning?

    Assistant: Actually, the stand comes back from another borrower at two. You can collect it from three onwards. Bring your student ID to the equipment desk.

    Student: Three works. We start the interview at four. When should I return it?

    Assistant: By four on Friday. Return it to the equipment desk, not the library book box. I'll reserve the stand under your name now.

    Questions 7–11

    7. What problem does the student want to solve? A Unclear sound from a microphone. B An unstable phone while filming. C A missing interview partner. D A study room with no table.

    8. Why does the assistant suggest a phone stand? A Full-height tripods are unavailable that day, and a table stand suits the planned interview. B The student must film outdoors. C Phones cannot record interviews. D The study room bans tripods.

    9. When can the student collect the stand? A Thursday morning. B Thursday at two. C Thursday from three. D Friday after four.

    10. What must the student bring when collecting it? A The finished video. B A printed booking form. C A library book. D Student ID.

    11. Why does the assistant say “Actually”? A To cancel the interview. B To correct the student's proposed collection time. C To express doubt about the student's name. D To explain how a phone records sound.

    Explained answers and compact notes

    7. B. The phone moves when held. A confuses clear recording with a sound problem. C and D invent missing people or furniture.

    8. A. Join two details: tripods are booked, and the seated interview can use a table stand. B contradicts the study-room setting. C contradicts the phone recording clearly; D invents a ban.

    9. C. Two is when the stand returns; three is when collection starts. A is the student's first request, not the final arrangement. D uses the return deadline as collection time.

    10. D. The assistant directly asks for student ID. None of the other documents is requested. Do not add a plausible equipment-office rule that the script never states.

    11. B. Actually introduces a correction to morning collection. The assistant then explains availability and offers a later time. The other purposes are absent.

    Useful notes could read: phone shakes → table stand; Thu collect ≥3 + ID; Fri return ≤4, equipment desk. The symbols ≥ and ≤ mean at or after, and at or before, in these personal notes. They are not a requirement to use mathematical notation during the test. Keep collection and return on separate lines if symbols slow you down.

    Listen for changes and actions in an announcement

    Original script: a film evening

    This is a message for students attending Friday's film evening. The start time is still six, but the event has moved from Room 5 to Hall B. Room 5 needs electrical repairs. Please use the north entrance to Hall B. The east entrance is closed, and the north entrance opens at half past five.

    If you already reserved a seat, your reservation remains valid; you do not need to book again. Please arrive by ten to six so staff can check reservations before the film starts. At ten to six, any reserved seat that has not been claimed becomes available to waiting students. Students without reservations can join the waiting line at the north entrance. Joining that line does not guarantee a seat.

    Questions 12–16

    12. What is the main purpose? A Explain updated arrangements for a film evening. B Invite students to repair a room. C Announce a different film date. D Close the whole campus.

    13. Which arrangement is unchanged? A The room. B The east entrance being available. C The six o'clock start. D Every seat being open to everyone.

    14. A student already reserved a seat. What should the student do? A Book again. B Arrive by 5:50 at Hall B using the north entrance. C Enter Room 5 at six. D Join the waiting line after the film ends.

    15. What happens to an unclaimed reserved seat at 5:50? A It is removed from the hall. B It stays empty all evening. C It becomes available to waiting students. D It is saved until next Friday.

    16. What can a student without a reservation reasonably expect? A A guaranteed seat. B Admission through the closed east entrance. C An earlier film start. D A chance of a seat by joining the waiting line.

    Explained answers

    12. A. The message explains location, entrance and reservation procedures. B mistakes the reason for the move for the students' task. C changes a date that remains Friday. D turns one closed entrance into a campus-wide closure.

    13. C. “Still six” explicitly preserves the start time. A is the changed room. B contradicts the closure; D ignores the reservation procedure.

    14. B. Combine the new hall, correct entrance and arrival deadline. The existing reservation remains valid, so A adds an unnecessary action. C ignores the move; D ignores the deadline and purpose of the reservation.

    15. C. Unclaimed seats are released to the waiting line at ten to six. A, B and D invent rules. Ten to six means 5:50, not 6:10.

    16. D. Waiting students may get released seats, but availability is not guaranteed. A strengthens a possibility into certainty. B ignores the closed entrance; C changes the start time.

    Separate three times: entrance opens 5:30; claim reserved seat by 5:50; film starts 6:00. A number is useful only when attached to the correct action.

    Hear the structure of a short academic talk

    Original script: cooling a classroom

    When a classroom feels hot, people often open every window immediately. But whether that helps depends on the air outside and the way air moves. Today I'll compare two simple observations, then explain what they cannot prove.

    In one classroom, staff opened opposite windows when the outside air was cooler than the room. Air could enter on one side and leave on the other. The room temperature fell during that period. Opening both sides created a path for moving air; an open window alone does not ensure the same movement.

    In another classroom, staff opened windows at noon when the outside air was warmer. The room did not cool during their observation. Bringing warmer air inside did not provide the same cooling effect. This does not mean windows should never open at noon. Outside conditions can differ from day to day.

    There is a further caution. These were different rooms, used by different groups. Staff did not keep sunlight, numbers of people or equipment use the same. So the observations are useful examples, but they do not isolate window arrangement as the only cause. A stronger comparison would check these other conditions while comparing arrangements. The takeaway is to connect a cooling decision with conditions, rather than follow one rule in every room.

    Questions 17–22

    17. What is the main idea? A Every open window cools every room. B Cooling decisions depend on conditions, and the observations have limits. C All classrooms have identical temperatures. D Equipment never affects a classroom.

    18. What did opposite windows provide in the first classroom? A A path for air to enter and leave. B Proof that sunlight had no effect. C Warmer outside air. D A room without people.

    19. Why does the speaker mention warmer outside air in the second classroom? A To say noon is always the hottest time. B To explain why everyone should close windows permanently. C To explain why opening windows did not produce the same cooling effect. D To prove that the second room had no equipment.

    20. How is the talk organised? A A list of people, then a timetable. B A complaint, then an apology. C An equipment advertisement, then a price comparison. D Two observations, followed by a caution and a general lesson.

    21. What can be inferred about a stronger comparison? A It should check other conditions that might affect temperature. B It must use only one classroom observation. C It should ignore sunlight. D It already proved that window arrangement is the only cause.

    22. What does “takeaway” mean here? A Food collected from a restaurant. B The main lesson to remember. C A window removed from its frame. D The act of leaving campus.

    Explain the talk without adding outside knowledge

    17. B. The observations show different conditions; the final paragraph limits the causal claim. A turns a conditional effect into a universal rule. C and D contradict differences and unchecked influences.

    18. A. The speaker explains entry on one side and exit on the other. B and D invent controlled conditions. C belongs to the other observation.

    19. C. The detail explains the contrast with cooler outside air in the first room. A claims always; B ignores the explicit warning against a fixed noon rule. D invents evidence about equipment.

    20. D. The speaker announces two observations, gives them, then explains evidence limits and the practical lesson. A, B and C describe structures the talk does not use.

    21. A. The speaker names unchecked conditions and proposes checking them in a stronger comparison. B and C remove useful checks. D mistakes a proposed improvement for an already established result.

    22. B. The final sentence gives the lesson from the observations. The food meaning is possible elsewhere, but not in this explanation. An idiom 习语 or a familiar word used in a different way needs its local context.

    A causal claim 因果结论 says that one factor produced an effect. A confounding factor 混杂因素 is another difference that may help explain an observed result. Here, sunlight, people and equipment were not kept the same. The speaker's cautious attitude 谨慎态度 appears in the limits and the proposed stronger comparison. You do not need to know extra physics to answer. Use what the talk actually states.

    Useful notes: cooler outside + opposite windows → fall; warmer outside → no cooling observed; different rooms/groups; sunlight/people/equipment unchecked → stronger comparison needed. This records the explanation, not every spoken word.

    Review listening errors with a specific next step

    After a first attempt, uncover the script and mark the evidence for each answer. If you misheard a time, compare the spoken phrase with the action it describes. If you heard the words but chose the wrong reply, identify the conversational function. If you selected an old plan, locate the correction and write the final agreement. If your inference was too strong, replace always or guaranteed with what the evidence supports.

    A replay after your first scored attempt can help diagnose an error. Use it for review, then attempt a different recording once. Repeated listening to one familiar script does not measure transfer to new speech. Shadowing may help some learners hear word groups, but is not a guaranteed fastest method for everyone. Choose a method that addresses your recorded difficulty.

    Try a small personal routine: one short listening set, evidence review, then one fresh set later. Increase difficulty when your answers and reasons improve, not after a promised number of days. A missed detail does not imply a fixed number of lost later marks. Return attention to the current speaker rather than calculating imaginary losses. Follow the live task's navigation instructions instead of assuming a marking or revisit option exists.

    Check six listening decisions

    1. Does repeating a prompt word automatically make a response wrong?
    2. Why is two o'clock not the stand's collection time?
    3. What distinguishes 5:30, 5:50 and 6:00 in the announcement?
    4. Does the waiting line guarantee entry?
    5. Why cannot the talk prove that window arrangement alone caused the temperature difference?
    6. Does completing this worksheet by reading certify your listening performance?

    Explained answers

    1. No. A reply can repeat a word and still answer the request naturally. Check function and context.
    2. Two is the previous borrower's return time. Collection begins at three after that return.
    3. Entrance opening, reservation-claim deadline and film start are different events.
    4. No. Students may receive unclaimed seats, but a seat is not guaranteed.
    5. The rooms and groups differed, and other relevant conditions were not kept equal.
    6. No. Use spoken delivery with the script covered, then a fresh recording to check listening transfer.
  • 4

    Menulis

    Tonton pelajaran
    4.1

    Bagian Menulis dan Jamnya

    Sekitar 23 menit, sekitar 12 item, melintasi tiga jenis tugas: Bangun Kalimat, Tulis Email dan Menulis untuk Diskusi Akademik.

    • Anda mengetik semuanya. Tidak ada tulisan tangan di mana pun dalam tes.
    • Dua puluh tiga menit itu singkat, jadi tidak ada waktu untuk rencana panjang — tetapi selalu ada waktu untuk rencana tiga puluh detik, dan itu adalah tiga puluh detik terbaik yang akan Anda habiskan.
    • ⚠ Tugas Integrated Writing lama, di mana Anda membaca teks, mendengar ceramah, dan menulis tentang keduanya, telah hilang dari tes 2026. Jika buku latihan mengajarkan hal itu, buku tersebut sudah usang.
    4.2

    Bangun Kalimat

    Anda menyusun atau melengkapi kalimat sehingga kalimat tersebut benar secara tata bahasa.

    • Akurasi adalah tujuan utamanya. Tidak ada yang diukur kecuali apakah kalimatnya benar.
    • Perangkap-perangkapnya adalah hal-hal yang sudah diketahui kandidat Tiongkok: artikel 冠词 (a / the / tidak ada), kesesuaian 主谓一致 (the data show, each student has), tenses 时态 dalam satu kalimat, dan preposisi 介词 yang diambil oleh kata kerja tertentu (depend on, consist of, result in).
    • Urutan kata dalam bahasa Inggris tetap dalam cara yang tidak berlaku dalam bahasa Tionghoa: subjek, kata kerja, objek; adverbia frekuensi sebelum kata kerja utama; kata sifat sebelum kata benda dalam urutan yang tetap.
    • Bacalah kalimat yang telah kamu tulis sekali, perlahan-lahan. Kebanyakan kesalahan di sini terlihat pada pembacaan kedua dan tidak terlihat pada pembacaan pertama.
    Kosa kata Latih
    English Bahasa Indonesia
    article/ˈɑːtɪkl/ artikel
    agreement/əˈɡriːmənt/ persetujuan
    tense/tens/ tenses (waktu kata kerja)
    preposition/ˌprepəˈzɪʃn/ preposisi
    4.3

    Menulis Email

    Email singkat yang fungsional: membalas pesan, mengajukan permintaan, menjelaskan masalah, atau menolak sopan.

    • Mulailah dengan memutuskan siapa penerima email dan apa yang ingin terjadi. Segala hal lainnya akan mengikuti dari dua jawaban tersebut.
    • Register (gaya bahasa) dinilai di sini. Kepada guru pembimbing atau kantor, gunakan nada sopan dan sedikit tidak langsung: Saya ingin tahu apakah, apakah memungkinkan untuk, saya akan sangat berterima kasih jika. Kepada teman sekelas, Anda langsung dan hangat.
    • Email singkat yang baik memiliki empat bagian: alasan menulis, detailnya, apa yang diminta, dan penutup. Empat kalimat dapat mencakup keempatnya. meminta**, dekat. Empat kalimat dapat membawa keempatnya.
    • ⚠ Jangan membuka dengan Dear Sir or Madam jika prompt menyebutkan nama orang tersebut, dan jangan tutup dengan Yours faithfully dalam pesan kepada teman sekelas. Kesalahan register lebih terlihat daripada kesalahan tata bahasa, karena salah di setiap kalimat sekaligus.
    • Jawab semua yang diminta oleh prompt. Email yang ditulis dengan indah tetapi melewatkan satu dari dua permintaan dianggap gagal dalam tugas yang ditetapkan.
    Kosa kata Latih
    English Bahasa Indonesia
    register/ˈredʒɪstə/ register
    evidence/ˈevɪdəns/ bukti
    task completion/tæsk kəmˈpliːʃn/ penyelesaian tugas
    organisation/ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ organisasi
    vocabulary/vəʊˈkæbjʊləri/ kosakata
    grammar/ˈɡræmə/ tata bahasa
    4.4

    Menulis untuk Diskusi Akademik

    Anda diberikan pertanyaan profesor dan dua balasan siswa, lalu menambahkan kontribusi Anda sendiri ke dalam diskusi.

    • Ini adalah tugas yang paling mirip dengan pekerjaan universitas nyata, dan nilainya ditentukan berdasarkan kemampuan Anda berpartisipasi dalam percakapan, bukan berdasarkan kemampuan menulis esai.
    • Kontribusi yang bernilai tinggi biasanya melakukan empat hal:
      1. Menyatakan posisi dengan jelas, dalam satu kalimat.
      2. Memberikan alasan untuknya.
      3. Mendukung alasan dengan contoh, konsekuensi, atau bukti证据.
      4. Berkomunikasi dengan teman sekelas — setuju dan menambah, atau berbeda pendapat dan menjelaskan alasannya.
    • Bagian keempat inilah yang membedakan jawaban bagus dari jawaban rata-rata, dan ini adalah bagian yang sering dilewatkan oleh kandidat Tiongkok. Saya setuju dengan Mei bahwa... tapi saya ingin menambahkan bahwa... bernilai lebih tinggi daripada paragraf opini Anda sendiri yang lain.
    • Panjang: satu paragraf solid. Anda memiliki beberapa menit, bukan satu jam. Tulis lebih sedikit kalimat dan buat setiap kalimat bermakna.
    • ⚠ Jangan mengulang kembali pertanyaan profesor sebelum memulai. Hal itu memakan waktu seperempat dan tidak memberikan nilai apa pun: pembaca sudah tahu apa yang ditanyakan. dan tidak mendapatkan apa pun: pembaca sudah tahu apa yang ditanyakan.
    4.5

    Apa yang sebenarnya dilihat oleh penilai

    Di seluruh tugas menulis, empat hal dinilai, dan itu adalah empat hal yang sama yang dilihat oleh penilai bahasa Inggris manapun: penanda melihat:

    Apa Artinya di sini
    Penyelesaian Tugas (任务完成) Anda melakukan semua yang diminta prompt, dan tidak melakukan apa yang tidak diminta
    Organisasi (结构) pembaca dapat mengikuti argumen Anda tanpa harus kembali membaca
    Kosa Kata (词汇) kata-kata yang tepat, digunakan dengan benar, bukan kata panjang yang digunakan secara samar
    Tata Bahasa (语法) kalimat yang akurat, dengan cukup variasi agar terdengar alami
    • Frasa yang hafalan adalah risiko, bukan jalan pintas. With the development of society dan every coin has two sides muncul di ribuan naskah dan tidak menambah nilai apa pun; penilai langsung melewatinya dan kata-kata yang Anda habiskan untuknya menjadi sia-sia. mereka dan kata-kata yang Anda habiskan untuknya telah hilang.
    • Kejelasan mengalahkan dekorasi. Biaya turun tajam setelah 2015 mengatakan lebih banyak, dan skor lebih baik, daripada terdapat pengurangan signifikan dalam pengeluaran uang.
    • Kalimat pendek yang benar mengungguli kalimat panjang yang rusak. Kerumitan hanya memberikan nilai jika itu akurat.
    4.6

    Tips ujian

    • Ketik dalam bahasa Inggris setiap hari, bukan hanya dalam tes latihan. Kecepatan mengetik adalah bagian dari bagian ini meskipun Anda suka atau tidak.
    • Rencana selama tiga puluh detik sebelum tugas Pembahasan Akademik: posisi, alasan, contoh, komentar siapa yang akan Anda jawab. Kemudian tulis langsung.
    • Sisakan enam puluh detik untuk membaca kembali jawaban Anda. Cari artikel, kata benda jamak, dan akhiran kata kerja — ketiga hal itu menyumbang sebagian besar kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh kandidat Tiongkok dan dapat diperbaiki.
    • Berlatih menulis untuk seseorang: seorang tutor, kantor, atau teman sekelas. Email tanpa kesadaran tentang pembacanya adalah jawaban lemah yang paling umum di bagian ini.
    • Format fakta di bagian ini diverifikasi di situs web ETS pada 13 September 2026: Konten dan struktur TOEFL iBT.
    Additional notes PDF

    What this practice supplement is

    This supplement gives original classroom practice for two tasks from the TOEFL Writing section: Build a Sentence and Write for an Academic Discussion. Every task, prompt and model here is invented for practice. Nothing here is an ETS question, and nothing here states official timings or scores.

    Work in this order. First build four sentences yourself. Then read the explained answers. Then study one complete discussion model. Finally, fix two weak sentences. Write your own answer before you read each explanation. Your attempt shows you which words are hard for you. The explanation then helps with that exact problem.

    Sentence building practice

    Each task gives you a fixed start and a fixed end. You must copy both exactly. Between them you place the chunks 词块, small groups of words. The chunks are printed in a mixed order, so you must find the correct order yourself.

    Rules for every task:

    1. Use each chunk exactly once.
    2. Keep the fixed start and the fixed end exactly as given.
    3. Put nothing between the fixed parts except the chunks.

    Task 1: A polite question

    • Fixed start: Could you tell me where
    • Chunks, in a mixed order: is / the library
    • Fixed end: ?
    • Requirement: The finished sentence must be one ordinary written English question.

    Task 2: Which notice?

    • Fixed start: The notice
    • Chunks, in a mixed order: posted / that / the tutor
    • Fixed end: explains the new room rules.
    • Requirement: The finished sentence must be one ordinary written English statement 陈述句.

    Task 3: A reason with because

    • Fixed start: The class moved to Room 12 because
    • Chunks, in a mixed order: was broken / the projector
    • Fixed end: .
    • Requirement: The finished sentence must be one ordinary written English statement that keeps the stated cause.

    Task 4: A required action

    • Fixed start: The draft
    • Chunks, in a mixed order: be / must / submitted
    • Fixed end: by Friday.
    • Requirement: The finished sentence must be one ordinary written English statement. This is normal English, not a rule made only for tests.

    Answers and explanations

    Write all four sentences before you read this section. Compare your sentences with the answers, then read why each order is correct.

    Task 1 answer

    Could you tell me where the library is?

    By itself, the question would put the verb 动词 first: Where is the library? Inside this polite request, the order changes. After the question word 疑问词 where, the subject 主语 comes before the verb: the library is. This subject-before-verb order is the normal one inside a polite request. Each chunk is used once, and nothing else is added.

    Task 2 answer

    The notice that the tutor posted explains the new room rules.

    The word that opens a relative clause 定语从句. This clause modifies 修饰 the given noun 名词 notice: it tells you which notice the sentence is about. Inside the clause, the subject comes before the verb: the tutor posted. After the clause, the fixed predicate 谓语 explains the new room rules completes the sentence.

    Task 3 answer

    The class moved to Room 12 because the projector was broken.

    Because introduces the cause of the action in the main clause 主句. The cause keeps its own subject before its verb: the projector was broken. The stated cause stays complete, and no extra word is added between the fixed parts.

    Task 4 answer

    The draft must be submitted by Friday.

    Must is a modal verb 情态动词. After it, be and the past participle 过去分词 submitted build the passive voice 被动语态: must + be + submitted. This order is fixed. The sentence is ordinary written English, and the fixed parts, the subject and the deadline by Friday, stay unchanged.

    Join an academic discussion

    The discussion task gives you a professor's question and two classmates' replies. Your job is to add your own reply to that discussion. The prompt below is invented for practice, and it states its own invented details.

    Professor: Our campus must choose one plan: keep the library open longer, or buy more e-books. For this discussion, imagine two invented details: the library now closes at 9 p.m., and each e-book licence might allow only one reader at a time. These details are made up for practice; your real campus may differ. Which plan would help students more, and why?

    Mei: I support longer library hours. Many of us study best at night in a quiet place. If the library closed at midnight, students could work there after evening classes instead of going back to a noisy flat.

    Daniel: I prefer more e-books. Students can read them anywhere, at any hour, even when the building is closed. An e-book collection can also grow without new rooms, and printed books can only sit on one shelf.

    A complete model reply

    The reply below is one complete answer to the professor. Read it after you have written your own.

    I support longer library hours, and I agree with Mei that a quiet place at night matters when you revise. Suppose the library stayed open until midnight during exam weeks. Students who share a noisy flat could revise there, and those who finish classes late would still find time to study. Daniel's point about reading anywhere is a real strength of e-books, but a screen is not a desk: long hours of reading tire my eyes, and a licence might allow only one reader at a time. If the campus could do both, that would be best; choosing one plan, I would pick the hours, because a quiet desk in the building solves a problem a download cannot. For students who need that desk late at night, the hours matter more.

    Why this model works

    The model states its position first, then agrees with Mei and develops the point with its own example and reason. Suppose marks the example as hypothetical 假设的, so the model claims nothing about how busy the real library is, or about real costs. It admits Daniel's point is partly right before answering it, so this reply answers a classmate as well as stating its own view. These are choices in this one reply, not rules for every answer: a different reply may agree with Daniel instead, or speak to only one classmate. The licence point keeps might, so the one-reader limit stays a possibility, not a fact. The last sentence names one clear group, students who need a quiet desk late at night, instead of claiming that longer hours help every reader. The model reply is in English, and it states no official timing, minimum or scale.

    Fix two weak sentences

    Each pair shows one weak sentence and one improved sentence with the same meaning. Cover the improved sentence and write your own correction first.

    Pair 1: a or an?

    • Weak: She will attend an university interview next week.
    • Improved: She will attend a university interview next week.

    Choose a or an by the first sound, not the first letter. University begins with a /j/ sound, like the word you. So the article 冠词 before it is a, not an. The meaning of the sentence does not change.

    Pair 2: although and but

    • Weak: Although the email was short, but it answered both requests.
    • Improved: Although the email was short, it answered both requests.

    One contrast 转折 word is enough here. Although already marks the contrast, so but is not needed as well. Keep although and drop but, or drop although and keep but: The email was short, but it answered both requests. The meaning stays the same.

    Check yourself

    1. Can you rebuild each sentence and say why the order is correct?
    2. Can you find the position, the agreement with Mei, the marked example and the answer to Daniel in the model reply?
    3. Can you explain both corrections without looking back?
  • 5

    Berbicara

    5.1

    Bagian Berbicara dan Jamnya

    Sekitar 8 menit, sekitar 11 item, dalam dua jenis tugas: Dengar dan Ulangi dan **Ambil yang bereaksi terhadap ucapan Anda — yang persis membuat rasanya aneh saat pertama kali.

    • ⚠ Tugas berbicara independen dan terintegrasi lama, di mana Anda mempersiapkan diri selama十五 detik dan bereaksi terhadap apa yang Anda katakan — yang persis membuat terasa aneh saat pertama kali.
    • Delapan menit itu singkat. Oleh karena itu hampir seluruh persiapan Anda tentang memulai dengan cepat, berbicara selama empat puluh lima menit, sudah hilang dari tes 2026.
    • Delapan menit itu singkat. Oleh karena itu hampir seluruh persiapan Anda tentang memulai dengan cepat, Anda mendengar sebuah kalimat dan mengucapkannya kembali.
    5.2

    Dengar dan Ulangi

    Anda mendengar sebuah kalimat dan mengulanginya.

    • Ini termasuk Berbicara, dan nilainya berdasarkan apa yang Anda ucapkan. Ini bukan pemanasan mendengarkan.
    • Keterampilannya adalah menahan seluruh kalimat di kepala Anda cukup lama untuk mengucapkannya. Itu bisa dilatih, dan pelatihannya sederhana: ambil rekaman apa pun, putar satu kalimat, ucapkan kembali, dan perpanjang
    • Keterampilannya adalah menahan satu kalimat utuh di kepala Anda cukup lama untuk mengucapkannya. Itu bisa dilatih, dan pelatihannya sederhana: ambil rekaman apa pun, putarkan satu kalimat, ulangi, dan perpanjang dan ritme adalah bagian dari yang dinilai.
    • Ucapkan dengan kecepatan normal. Memperlambat untuk berhati-hati merusak ritme 节奏 kalimat, dan ritme adalah bagian dari penilaian.
    • Jika Anda melupakan sebuah kata, teruslah dan selesaikan kalimatnya. Kalimat lengkap dengan satu kata yang salah jauh lebih berharga daripada setengah kalimat yang sempurna.
    5.3

    Lakukan Wawancara

    Anda menjawab serangkaian pertanyaan lisan, seperti dalam percakapan biasa.

    • Jawab pertanyaan yang diajukan, pertama. Kemudian tambahkan satu alasan, dan satu contoh. Bentuk tersebut — jawaban, alasan, contoh — cocok untuk hampir setiap pertanyaan dan memulai Anda berbicara dalam satu detik.
    • Keheningan lebih buruk daripada kalimat yang tidak sempurna. Kata pengisi (fillers) yang digunakan oleh penutur asli — well, I suppose, that's an interesting one — memberi Anda waktu dan terdengar natural. Jeda panjang tidak demikian.
    • Jangan menghafal. Jawaban hafalan terdengar: ritmenya berubah, kosakatanya melompat ke tingkat lain, dan biasanya tidak sepenuhnya sesuai dengan pertanyaan. Penilai akan menguranginya.
    • Jika Anda kehilangan alur di tengah kalimat, perbaiki secara luid — sorry, what I mean is — dan lanjutkan bicara. Itulah yang dilakukan oleh penutur yang fasih, dan ini dinilai sebagai kelancaran, bukan kegagalan.
    • Berikan alasan, bukan daftar. Karena bus lebih murah dan saya bisa membaca di dalamnya adalah jawaban yang baik; tiga poin tanpa penjelasan adalah jawaban yang lebih lemah.
    Kosa kata Latih
    English Bahasa Indonesia
    microphone/ˈmaɪkrəfəʊn/ mikrofon
    rhythm/ˈrɪðəm/ ritme
    filler/ˈfɪlə/ kata pengisi
    5.4

    Apa yang sebenarnya dicari oleh penilai

    Apa Artinya di sini
    Fluency Kelancaran Anda terus berbicara, pada kecepatan alami, tanpa jeda lama
    Pronunciation Pengucapan Anda dapat dipahami tanpa usaha — bukan berarti harus terdengar seperti orang Amerika
    Vocabulary Kosakata kata yang tepat untuk ide tersebut, digunakan secara natural
    Grammar Tata Bahasa akurat, dengan variasi yang cukup agar terdengar seperti ucapan, bukan daftar
    • Dipahami adalah standar, bukan terdengar seperti penutur asli. Aksen bukan kesalahan. Bunyi yang mengubah makna kata-lah yang menjadi masalah.
    • Penekanan kata lebih penting daripada bunyi individu. PHOtograph, phoTOgrapher, photoGRAPHic — vokal berubah sesuai penekanan, dan pendengar menelusuri penekanan terlebih dahulu.
    • Penekanan kalimat membawa makna: I didn't say she stole it memiliki enam makna berbeda tergantung pada kata mana yang ditekan.
    • Latih bunyi yang tidak ada dalam bahasa Tionghoa: konsonan akhir (cost, asked, fifths), /θ/ dan /ð/ (think, this), serta pembedaan /l/–/n/ dan /r/. Beberapa menit sehari selama sebulan sudah cukup untuk meningkatkan kemudahan pemahaman Anda.
    Kosa kata Latih
    English Bahasa Indonesia
    fluency/ˈfluːənsi/ kelancaran
    vocabulary/vəʊˈkæbjʊləri/ kosakata
    grammar/ˈɡræmə/ tata bahasa
    accent/ˈæksənt/ logat
    word stress/wɜːd stres/ penekanan kata
    sentence stress/ˈsentəns stres/ penekanan kalimat
    pronunciation/prəˌnʌnsɪˈeɪʃn/ pengucapan
    5.5

    Bicara tanpa orang di ruangan

    • Rekam diri Anda dan dengarkan kembali. Ini terasa tidak nyaman dan merupakan hal paling berguna yang bisa Anda lakukan — Anda akan mendengar jeda, pengulangan, dan kalimat yang belum selesai yang tidak Anda sadari.
    • Latih dengan timer menyala, jawab lisan, melalui mikrofon. Format ini adalah bagian tersulit bagi kebanyakan calon peserta dan gratis untuk dilatih.
    • Berbicara sendiri dalam bahasa Inggris saat melakukan tugas biasa: jelaskan apa yang Anda lakukan, berdebat dengan podcast, jelaskan hari Anda. Kelancaran dibangun dengan berbicara berjam-jam, bukan dengan membaca tentang berbicara.
    • ⚠ Jawaban yang diketik selalu memanjakan Anda. Saat Anda berlatih menulis apa yang akan Anda katakan, Anda tidak mengalami keraguan, tidak ada jeda yang harus diisi, dan memiliki waktu sebanyak yang diinginkan. Ucapkan dengan keras.
    5.6

    Tips ujian

    • Mulai dalam hitungan satu detik setelah prompt berakhir. Waktu sangat terbatas, dan awal yang lambat biaya lebih besar daripada kalimat yang kurang baik.
    • Selesaikan kalimat Anda. Kalimat yang terbengkalai dibaca sebagai ketidakmampuan; kalimat sederhana yang lengkap tidak demikian.
    • Panaskan suara Anda sebelum tes — bacalah dengan keras selama lima menit. Jawaban pertama yang dingin adalah pemborosan, dan dalam bagian delapan menit Anda tidak bisa membiarkannya.
    • Jangan mencoba menggunakan kosakata sulit. Gunakan kata yang tepat. Penilai menghargai presisi dan mendengar langsung melewati hiasan kata.
    • Format fakta di bagian ini diverifikasi di situs web ETS pada 13 September 2026: Konten dan struktur TOEFL iBT.

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IGCSE, A-Level & AP